本文選題：水平流人工濕地　切入點：水力學　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：人工濕地系統(tǒng)作為一種生物污水處理技術,具有易建設、低能耗、運行維護簡便、生態(tài)效益好等優(yōu)點,在世界各地得到了廣泛應用。本課題主要針對水平流人工濕地,通過自建實驗室水平潛流式人工濕地小試系統(tǒng)進行原位實時監(jiān)測,從水力學角度研究不同水力條件對濕地系統(tǒng)水力學規(guī)律和處理效果的影響,并進一步建立數(shù)學模型,模擬分析水平流人工濕地的水力學行為和污染物遷移轉化規(guī)律。主要研究結果如下：1.水平流人工濕地填料性質：通過進行水力學參數(shù)測試,得出了六種填料在水平流人工濕地內的最佳填充順序由表層到底層依次是：黃沙,細彩砂,細黃巖砂,粗黃巖砂,粗彩砂和雨花石。填料的孔隙率均在40%左右,且滲透系數(shù)較大,滲透性能良好。2.不同水力條件對人工濕地系統(tǒng)水力學和處理效果的影響：(1)濕地系統(tǒng)的水量損失比隨進水流速的增大而減小,當濕地系統(tǒng)的進水流速在13.5 mL/min-332 mL/min之間時,水量損失量為0.6%～6.9%；(2)出水口位置的變化對水平流人工濕地的水力學行為有影響,當出水口位于濕地系統(tǒng)上層時回收率提高2.8%,λ提高0.194,S下降0.261,減少了短流、死區(qū)等現(xiàn)象,有效的提高了濕地系統(tǒng)的水力效率；(3)延長水平流人工濕地的水力停留時間有利于提高濕地系統(tǒng)的水力效率,當水力停留時間為73 h時,系統(tǒng)的回收率為98.8,λ為1.048,S為0.447；(4)當水平流人工濕地系統(tǒng)上層進水、上層出水,水力停留時間73 h,水力負荷0.065m3/(m2·d),系統(tǒng)的COD平均去除率為76.4%,硝酸鹽氮平均去除率為92.1%,總氮平均去除率為81.1%,總磷平均去除率為50.9%。污染物的去除量主要集中于水平流人工濕地系統(tǒng)的前半部分,并且去除效率隨污水在系統(tǒng)中推流距離的延長呈減緩趨勢。3.水平流人工濕地的水力學行為和污染物遷移轉化規(guī)律模擬：應用Visual MODFLOW軟件采用試驗得到的模型參數(shù)對實驗室水平流人工濕地系統(tǒng)的水力學行為進行模擬,模型可信度較高；模型反映出人工濕地內部的水流規(guī)律,展現(xiàn)出污染物的遷移轉化趨勢；對不同水力負荷下人工濕地系統(tǒng)進行模擬,模擬結果表明降低人工濕地的水力負荷、延長水力停留時間可以有效提高污染物的去除效果。
[Abstract]:As a biological wastewater treatment technology, artificial wetland system has been widely used in the world because of its advantages of easy construction, low energy consumption, simple operation and maintenance and good ecological benefit. In situ real-time monitoring was carried out through a laboratory horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland small scale test system. The effect of different hydraulic conditions on the hydraulic law and treatment effect of wetland system was studied from the point of view of hydraulics, and the mathematical model was further established. The hydraulic behavior of horizontal flow constructed wetland and the law of pollutant migration and transformation are simulated and analyzed. The main results are as follows: 1. The filling properties of horizontal flow constructed wetland. It is concluded that the best filling sequence of six fillers in horizontal flow constructed wetland is: yellow sand, fine colored sand, fine Huang Yan sand, coarse Huang Yan sand, coarse colored sand and rain flower stone. The porosity of packing is about 40%, and the best filling order is: yellow sand, fine color sand, fine Huang Yan sand, coarse Huang Yan sand, coarse color sand and rain flower stone. And the permeability coefficient is large, permeability is good. 2. The effect of different hydraulic conditions on hydraulic mechanics and treatment effect of constructed wetland system. The water loss ratio of wetland system decreases with the increase of influent velocity. When the influent velocity of the wetland system is between 13.5 mL/min-332 mL/min, the loss of water is 0.669 / 2) the hydraulic behavior of the horizontal flow constructed wetland is affected by the change of the outlet position. When the outlet is located in the upper layer of the wetland system, the recovery rate is increased by 2.8 and 位 is increased by 0.194N, which decreases by 0.261, and reduces the phenomena of short flow and dead zone, etc. Increasing the hydraulic retention time of horizontal flow constructed wetland is beneficial to improve the hydraulic efficiency of wetland system, when the HRT is 73 h, The recovery rate of the system is 98.8, 位 = 1.048, S = 0.447 ~ 4). When the upper layer of the horizontal flow constructed wetland system enters the water, the upper layer of the constructed wetland system leaves the water. The average removal rate of COD, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen removal rate, total nitrogen removal rate, total phosphorus removal rate and total phosphorus removal rate of the system were 76.4, 92.1, 81.1 and 50.9, respectively. The first half of the wetland system, And the removal efficiency is slowing down with the extension of the push distance of sewage in the system. 3. Simulation of hydraulic behavior and pollutant transfer and transformation of horizontal flow constructed wetland: the model parameters obtained by using Visual MODFLOW software are compared with each other. The hydraulics behavior of the horizontal flow constructed wetland system in laboratory is simulated. The model has high reliability; the model reflects the internal flow law of constructed wetland and shows the trend of pollutant migration and transformation; the simulation results of artificial wetland system under different hydraulic loads show that the hydraulic load of constructed wetland is reduced. Prolonging HRT can effectively improve the removal efficiency of pollutants.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703

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