本文關(guān)鍵詞： 土壤 環(huán)境管理 修復(fù)對策 實踐　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：土壤環(huán)境管理與修復(fù)是我國環(huán)境保護事業(yè)的重要工作之一。“土壤污染治理與修復(fù)試點示范”是環(huán)境保護“十二五”規(guī)劃的重要研究課題。當前,我國土壤環(huán)境狀況總體不容樂觀：部分地區(qū)土壤污染較重；耕地土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量堪憂；礦區(qū)、油田及周邊土壤的污染加劇,所有這些都可能危及飲用水源和生態(tài)環(huán)境安全。建國以來,我國政府大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力,卻未對土壤環(huán)境加以重視,一直沒有實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)管理,缺乏具體工作目標,與土壤有關(guān)的研究更是少見。黃河三角洲油氣資源豐富,加上其獨特的生態(tài)環(huán)境,它的發(fā)展與建設(shè)得到了國內(nèi)外廣泛的關(guān)注與支持。孤島油區(qū)位于黃河三角洲范圍內(nèi),在其開發(fā)過程中己造成一定程度的石油和重金屬污染,這與黃河三角洲的建設(shè)理念相違背。中國土壤污染治理與修復(fù)起步較晚,在闡釋我國土壤修復(fù)現(xiàn)狀的同時,學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)達國家在土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理方面的成功經(jīng)驗,以此為我國土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理的發(fā)展建設(shè)提供框架和思路。因此,開展油區(qū)附近土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理體系研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文依托國家環(huán)保公益性行業(yè)科研專項課題,并根據(jù)國家環(huán)境保護“十二五”規(guī)劃基本思路,本著針對性和可操作性原則,開展了土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理研究,列出了土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理應(yīng)遵循的基本原則及要求,給出了土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理內(nèi)容與目標,闡述了土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理整體防治思路,并篩選修復(fù)技術(shù)。文章最后以山東省黃河三角洲孤島油區(qū)鹽堿化土壤為研究對象,通過修復(fù)示范區(qū)工程建設(shè),從修復(fù)前、修復(fù)中和修復(fù)后等過程詳細說明了土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理實踐。主要內(nèi)容包括：(1)項目組推行了政用產(chǎn)學(xué)研的管理模式,強調(diào)管理主體多元化,即以政府管理為中心,高校及科研院所研究為主線,企業(yè)協(xié)助實施為基礎(chǔ),公眾廣泛參與的開展并從修復(fù)前、修復(fù)中和修復(fù)等全過程進行管理。(2)項目組進行了土壤環(huán)境調(diào)查、現(xiàn)狀評價、風(fēng)險評價及標準規(guī)范研究與應(yīng)用,進行了修復(fù)示范區(qū)分區(qū)研究。在篩選修復(fù)技術(shù)時,考慮自然恢復(fù)和人工強化修復(fù)污染土壤效果,結(jié)合相關(guān)試驗成果,進行了物化-生化-植物聯(lián)合修復(fù)技術(shù)組合研究和應(yīng)用,效果顯著；(3)進行了檔案整合,給出了修復(fù)示范區(qū)的考核結(jié)果,與有關(guān)部門進行土壤修復(fù)管理方面的信息交流和合作,進一步完善土壤修復(fù)環(huán)境管理體系。
[Abstract]:Soil environmental management and remediation is one of the important work of environmental protection in China. "pilot demonstration of soil pollution treatment and remediation" is an important research topic in the 12th Five-Year Plan of Environmental Protection. The situation of soil environment in China is not optimistic: soil pollution is serious in some areas; soil environmental quality of cultivated land is poor; pollution in mining area, oil field and surrounding soil is aggravated. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, our government has vigorously developed productive forces, but has failed to attach importance to the soil environment, has not realized systematic management, and lacks specific work objectives. Soil related research is even rarer. The Yellow River Delta is rich in oil and gas resources, and its unique ecological environment, its development and construction has been widely concerned and supported at home and abroad. The Gudao oil region is located in the Yellow River Delta area. In the course of its development, oil and heavy metal pollution have been caused to a certain extent, which is contrary to the concept of construction in the Yellow River Delta. The treatment and remediation of soil pollution in China started relatively late, while explaining the present situation of soil remediation in China. Learn from the successful experiences of developed countries in the field of soil remediation environmental management, so as to provide a framework and train of thought for the development and construction of soil remediation environmental management in China. It is of great practical significance to study the environmental management system of soil remediation near the oil area. This paper relies on the special scientific research project of the national environmental protection and public welfare industry, and according to the basic ideas of the 12th Five-Year Plan of National Environmental Protection, Based on the principles of pertinence and maneuverability, the paper carried out the research on soil remediation environment management, listed the basic principles and requirements of soil remediation environment management, and gave the contents and objectives of soil remediation environment management. This paper expounds the overall control idea of soil remediation environment management and screening restoration technology. Finally, taking the saline-alkali soil of Gudao oil area in the Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province as the research object, through the construction of the demonstration area restoration project, from before the restoration. The environmental management practices of soil remediation are explained in detail in the processes of restoration neutralization and post-remediation. The main contents include the implementation of the management model of administrative production, education and research by the project team, which emphasizes the diversification of the main body of management, that is, taking the government management as the center. Universities and scientific research institutes as the main line, enterprises as the basis for implementation, extensive public participation in the development and management of the whole process of restoration, restoration and restoration, etc.) the project group carried out soil environmental investigation, and the status quo was evaluated. The risk assessment and the research and application of standard and specification were carried out to study the zonation of restoration demonstration area. When selecting restoration technology, the effects of natural restoration and artificial reinforcement remediation of contaminated soil were considered, and the related experimental results were combined. The combined research and application of physicochemical, biochemical and phytoremediation techniques have been carried out. The results of file integration have been remarkable. The results of the assessment of the restoration demonstration area have been given, and the information exchange and cooperation with the relevant departments in soil remediation and management have been carried out. Further improve the soil remediation environment management system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X53

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