本文關(guān)鍵詞： 土地利用利用/覆蓋 生態(tài)演變 生物多樣性 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能價(jià)值 淮南潘集礦區(qū)　出處：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：大規(guī)模持續(xù)的礦業(yè)開發(fā)活動(dòng)極大地改變了礦區(qū)的地形地貌、土地利用類型、水循環(huán)、生物多樣性、景觀等生態(tài)要素,改變了原來的生態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)和功能,正確評(píng)價(jià)人工活動(dòng)干預(yù)下礦區(qū)系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)功能價(jià)值,對(duì)推進(jìn)礦區(qū)生態(tài)文明建設(shè),促進(jìn)礦區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文以淮南潘集礦區(qū)5個(gè)井田(潘一礦、潘二礦、潘三礦、潘北礦、朱集礦)為研究區(qū)域,分析了采煤驅(qū)動(dòng)下礦區(qū)多年土地利用利用/覆蓋變化規(guī)律及趨勢(shì),研究了礦區(qū)多年生態(tài)演變規(guī)律,估算了礦區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能價(jià)值,得到以下結(jié)果:(1)淮南潘集礦區(qū)多源遙感解譯結(jié)果表明,礦區(qū)經(jīng)過30多年的開采,目前,研究區(qū)耕地、建設(shè)用地、林地、水體分別占43.96%、29.04%、15.99%、11.01%,耕地仍然占主導(dǎo)地位;從1987到2014年,淮南潘集礦區(qū)土地利用類型主要變化趨勢(shì)表現(xiàn)為耕地面積逐年減少,林地、水體、建設(shè)用地面積逐年增加。(2)潘集礦區(qū)生物多樣性調(diào)查結(jié)果表明,研究區(qū)域內(nèi)喬木、灌木等高等植物覆蓋較少,以草本植物生長(zhǎng)為主。同時(shí),隨著恢復(fù)年限的增加,物種多樣性指數(shù)(H)和物種均勻度指數(shù)(J)從大到小依次為:未開采開采31年開采25年開采22年開采6年開采4年。開采狀態(tài)下研究區(qū)植物群落的相對(duì)頻度、相對(duì)多度、相對(duì)蓋度整體低于未開采樣地植物群落的相對(duì)頻度、相對(duì)多度、相對(duì)蓋度。(3)建立礦區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值綜合評(píng)估模型,評(píng)估了淮南潘集礦區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值,從1987年到2014年淮南潘集礦區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值總體呈現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)。其價(jià)值從1987年的319.83百萬元增加到2014年的739.95百萬元。在評(píng)估的9個(gè)指標(biāo)中,到2014年,農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品、漁業(yè)產(chǎn)品、水源涵養(yǎng)、科研文化、娛樂休閑、為生物提供生境、生物資源和生物多樣性的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值均有所增加,而固定碳和釋放氧的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值呈波動(dòng)減少趨勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:The large-scale and continuous mining development has greatly changed the ecological elements such as topography, landform, land use type, water cycle, biodiversity, landscape and so on, and changed the original ecological structure and function. To evaluate correctly the service function of mining area system under artificial activity intervention is of great significance to promote the construction of ecological civilization in mining area and promote the sustainable development of mining area. Panbei Mine, Zhuji Mine) as a research area, this paper analyzes the law and trend of land use / cover change in mining area driven by coal mining over many years, studies the law of ecological evolution in mining area for many years, and estimates the value of ecosystem service function in mining area. The results obtained are as follows: 1) the results of multi-source remote sensing interpretation of Panji mining area in Huainan show that after more than 30 years of mining in the mining area, at present, the cultivated land, construction land, forest land and water in the study area account for 43.96%, 29.04% and 15.99% 11.01%, respectively, and the cultivated land still dominates; from 1987 to 2014, The main change trend of land use type in Panji mining area of Huainan shows that the cultivated land area decreases year by year, the area of woodland, water body and construction land increases year by year. Shrubs and other higher plants are less covered, and the growth of herbaceous plants is dominant. At the same time, with the increase of recovery years, The order of species diversity index (H) and species evenness index (J) from large to small are as follows: no mining for 31 years, mining for 25 years, mining for 22 years, mining for 4 years, and relative frequency and abundance of plant communities in the study area under mining conditions. The relative coverage was lower than the relative frequency, relative abundance and relative coverage of plant community in the unsampled area. The comprehensive evaluation model of ecosystem service value of mining area was established, and the ecosystem service value of Panji mining area in Huainan was evaluated. From 1987 to 2014, the value of ecosystem services in Panji mining area of Huainan showed an overall increasing trend. The value of ecosystem services increased from 319.83 million yuan in 1987 to 739.95 million yuan in 1987. The economic value of water conservation, scientific research and culture, recreation and recreation, providing habitat for organisms, biological resources and biodiversity increased, while the economic value of carbon fixation and oxygen release decreased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X826

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 葉篤正,符淙斌,董文杰,溫剛,延曉冬;全球變化科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的若干研究進(jìn)展[J];大氣科學(xué);2003年04期

2 王兵;臧玲;;我國(guó)土地利用/土地覆被變化研究近期進(jìn)展[J];地域研究與開發(fā);2006年02期

3 陳佑啟,楊鵬;國(guó)際上土地利用/土地覆蓋變化研究的新進(jìn)展[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)地理;2001年01期

4 劉金輝;采煤塌陷區(qū)生態(tài)工程復(fù)墾規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)[J];礦山測(cè)量;2000年01期

5 傅伯杰,劉世梁,馬克明;生態(tài)系統(tǒng)綜合評(píng)價(jià)的內(nèi)容與方法[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2001年11期

6 敖長(zhǎng)林;李一軍;馮磊;焦揚(yáng);;基于CVM的三江平原濕地非使用價(jià)值評(píng)價(jià)[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2010年23期

7 江波;歐陽志云;苗鴻;鄭華;白楊;莊長(zhǎng)偉;方瑜;;海河流域濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能價(jià)值評(píng)價(jià)[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2011年08期

8 萬會(huì),沈鐳;礦業(yè)城市發(fā)展的影響因素及可持續(xù)發(fā)展對(duì)策[J];資源科學(xué);2005年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 延昊;中國(guó)土地覆蓋變化與環(huán)境影響遙感研究[D];中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院（遙感應(yīng)用研究所）;2002年

2 邱漢周;淮南潘集煤礦區(qū)植被恢復(fù)模式及其土壤修復(fù)效應(yīng)研究[D];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 王超;濟(jì)寧市采煤塌陷地預(yù)測(cè)和治理模式研究[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

2 陳歡歡;福建漳江口濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能價(jià)值評(píng)估[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號(hào)：1530044