本文關(guān)鍵詞： 鼠李糖脂 銅綠假單胞菌 誘變育種 條件優(yōu)化 重金屬 去除　出處：《廣西大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：鼠李糖脂是一種糖脂類的具有生物屬性的表面功能之活性劑,其表面活性之能力以及乳化的能力不同反響,并且具有徹底的生物降解性,環(huán)境之友好程度表現(xiàn)出色,所以在石油工業(yè)、生物修復技術(shù)的應(yīng)用行業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)以及食藥等行業(yè)具有不一般的實用價值。通過微生物的發(fā)酵過程就可以獲得鼠李糖脂,一般來來此發(fā)酵過程溫和,且對設(shè)備基本無特殊要求；不僅如此,需要的原料來源非常之廣泛、而且價格超低。鼠李糖脂的另一神奇功效在于它的重金屬鉻的完美去除性。社會的發(fā)展肯定會對既清潔又安全還高效的鼠李糖脂有不斷提高的需求。為此,本課題重點研究了能夠生產(chǎn)鼠李糖脂的突變株的選育、它的發(fā)酵條件的優(yōu)化組合,以及其在去除城市污泥重金屬的重要貢獻進行了研究。研究之結(jié)果如下所述：(1)此實驗中誘變劑選定的就是紫外線,對保藏程度很好的一株能夠代謝出鼠李糖脂的銅綠假單胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)菌株B0作了初步的誘變處理,然后再經(jīng)過初復篩,于是就有了一株相對高產(chǎn)量的突變株B2,它的鼠李糖脂產(chǎn)量基本上有4.22 g·L-1,比之前的菌株提高了足足45.02%。(2)采用單因素實驗和正交試驗大大提升B2這個優(yōu)異菌株,而且重點是發(fā)現(xiàn)了通過搖瓶來達到發(fā)酵目的的培養(yǎng)基構(gòu)成以及培養(yǎng)的客觀環(huán)境,確定了B2菌株搖瓶發(fā)酵的最優(yōu)培養(yǎng)基組成以及培養(yǎng)條件為：碳源甘油30g·L-1、氮源酵母膏為2 g·L-1、磷源KH2PO4 10g·L-1、Na2HPO44g·L-1、微量元素為5 mL·L-1、溫度30℃、原始酸堿值即7.0,發(fā)酵過程持續(xù)120小時。在最優(yōu)的培養(yǎng)基基液及培養(yǎng)環(huán)境下,菌株B2出產(chǎn)量撥高到了6.03g·L-1,較出發(fā)菌株B0產(chǎn)量提高了近107.22%。(3)利用出發(fā)菌株B0和正突變優(yōu)勢菌株B2所產(chǎn)生物表面活性劑鼠李糖脂對城市污水處理廠污泥中的重金屬進行去除研究發(fā)現(xiàn),出發(fā)菌株B0正突變優(yōu)勢菌株B2所產(chǎn)生陰離子型生物表面活性劑鼠李糖脂污泥中的Cu、Zn能夠有效地去除,減少了污泥中Cu、Zn的含量,降低了重金屬對環(huán)境的威脅,并且隨著鼠李糖脂濃度、pH值以及振蕩時間的增加,污泥中重金屬的解析率也隨之增高。結(jié)果表明,污泥中Cu和Zn的去除效果與鼠李糖脂質(zhì)量濃度、溶液pH值以及振蕩提取時間有重要相關(guān)性。
[Abstract]:Rhamnolipid is a kind of glycolipid surfactant with biological properties. Its surface activity and emulsification ability are different, and they are completely biodegradable. The environmental friendliness is excellent, so in the petroleum industry, bioremediation technology application industry. Agriculture and medicine and other industries have special practical value. Through microbial fermentation process you can get rhamnolipid, generally come to this fermentation process is mild, and there is no special requirements for equipment; Not only that, the sources of raw materials needed are very wide. And the price is extremely low. Another magical effect of rhamnolipid is its perfect removal of heavy metal chromium. The development of society will definitely have an increasing demand for rhamnolipid, which is both clean, safe and efficient. For this reason. This paper focuses on the breeding of mutants capable of producing rhamnolipid and the optimization of its fermentation conditions. And its important contribution to the removal of heavy metals from municipal sludge. The results of the study are as follows: 1) in this experiment, the mutagens were selected as ultraviolet rays. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain B0, a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can metabolize rhamnolipid, was treated by mutagenesis. Then after the initial screening, there was a relatively high yield mutant B2, which basically produced 4.22 g 路L -1 rhamnolipid. Compared with the previous strain, the strain increased by 45.02%.) the single factor experiment and orthogonal test were used to improve the B 2 strain greatly. And the key point is to find out the composition of culture medium and the objective environment of culture by shaking flask to achieve the purpose of fermentation. The optimum medium composition and culture conditions of B2 strain were determined as follows: glycerol 30 g 路L -1, yeast extract 2 g 路L -1, KH2PO4 10 g 路L -1. Na2HPO44g 路L -1, trace element 5 mL 路L -1, temperature 30 鈩，

本文編號：1483512