本文關(guān)鍵詞： 人為干擾 生態(tài)服務價值 艾比湖 邊緣帶 關(guān)系　出處：《新疆師范大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：艾比湖濕地邊緣帶有著獨特的自然環(huán)境特征和生態(tài)功能,自20世紀50年代以來湖泊面積不斷縮減,干涸湖底大面積裸露于地表,在來自阿拉山口的風力作用下,成為我國內(nèi)四大沙塵源地之一,影響了當?shù)丶疤焐奖逼陆?jīng)濟帶乃至東部地區(qū)的環(huán)境。本文選擇艾比湖濕地邊緣帶為研究對象,通過實地考察和相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的結(jié)合分析,建立了一套研究區(qū)人為干擾綜合評價指標體系,通過熵權(quán)法和線性綜合加權(quán)法得到研究區(qū)1990、2000、2010年人為干擾強度值;以同期TM/ETM+遙感影像和土地利用、經(jīng)濟統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)為數(shù)據(jù)源,參考Constanza、謝高地等人的研究成果,計算出三個時期的生態(tài)服務價值;最后通過定量計算得到人為干擾強度和生態(tài)服務價值結(jié)果來探討二者之間的關(guān)系。得出如下結(jié)論:(1)人為干擾強度:1990-2010年間,研究區(qū)人為干擾總強度總體呈逐漸遞增趨勢。其中1990年至2000年人為干擾強度緩慢增加,2000年之后增速較快。反映研究區(qū)人為干擾強度的社會、經(jīng)濟、土地、景觀四個層面因素都呈增長趨勢;1990年和2000年土地層面的因素影響作用最大;2010年經(jīng)濟層面的因素影響作用最大。(2)生態(tài)服務價值格局變化:研究區(qū)三個時期的生態(tài)服務總價值,整體為逐漸下降的趨勢;根據(jù)各單項生態(tài)服務價值構(gòu)成分析,濕地邊緣帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務性功能價值遠遠大于生產(chǎn)性功能價值;生態(tài)系統(tǒng)提供的各項生態(tài)服務功能都處于下降階段。(3)人為干擾與生態(tài)服務價值關(guān)系:在研究時段內(nèi)人為干擾強度變化與流域范圍內(nèi)人為干擾強弱變化保持一致,呈逐漸增強趨勢。1990-2000年間,人為干擾對各景觀類型生態(tài)服務價值有小幅度影響;2000-2010年間人為干擾對生態(tài)服務價值影響變大。研究區(qū)內(nèi)人為干擾強度是流域內(nèi)人為干擾的一部分,對濕地邊緣帶各單項生態(tài)服務價值變化有一定影響,突出表現(xiàn)在食物生產(chǎn)和原材料生產(chǎn)功能上。由于濕地、草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)在研究區(qū)各生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所提供服務功能中的重要地位,因此本地區(qū)在發(fā)展中應更加注重對濕地、草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的保護,以減緩各項生態(tài)服務功能的降低趨勢,減慢研究區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境的退化。
[Abstract]:The edge of Ebinur Wetland is characterized by unique natural environment and ecological functions. Since 1950s, the lake area has been shrinking, and the dry lake bottom has been exposed to the surface of the earth. Due to the wind force from Alashankou, it has become one of the four major dust sources in China, which has affected the environment of the local area, the northern slope economic belt of Tianshan Mountain and even the eastern region. In this paper, the Ebinur Lake Wetland marginal Zone is selected as the research object. A comprehensive evaluation index system of human disturbance in the study area is established through field investigation and analysis of related data. The study area 1990 / 2000 is obtained by entropy weight method and linear comprehensive weighting method. In 2010, the intensity of human disturbance; Taking the TM/ETM remote sensing image and land use and economic statistics as data sources and referring to the research results of Constanza and Xie Gao et al, the value of ecological service in three periods was calculated. Finally, the relationship between human disturbance intensity and ecological service value is discussed by quantitative calculation, and the following conclusion is drawn: 1) Human disturbance intensity:: 1990-2010. The total intensity of anthropogenic interference in the study area was increasing gradually, and the intensity of anthropogenic interference increased slowly from 1990 to 2000. After 2000, the growth rate was faster. The social, economic, land and landscape factors, which reflected the intensity of human disturbance in the study area, showed an increasing trend. In 1990 and 2000, the factors of land level had the most influence; In 2010, the economic factors had the greatest influence on the value pattern of ecological services: the total value of ecological services in the three periods of the study area was gradually decreasing; According to the analysis of each individual ecosystem service value composition, the ecosystem service function value of wetland marginal zone is much larger than that of production function value. All ecosystem services are at a declining stage. The relationship between anthropogenic disturbance and ecological service value: in the study period, the change of anthropogenic interference intensity was consistent with the variation of the intensity of anthropogenic disturbance in the watershed. From 1990 to 2000, anthropogenic disturbance had a small influence on the value of ecological services of different landscape types. From 2000 to 2010, the impact of anthropogenic interference on the value of ecological services increased. The intensity of anthropogenic interference in the study area is a part of anthropogenic interference in the basin. It has certain influence on the changes of individual ecological service value in the edge zone of wetland, especially in the function of food production and raw material production. Grassland ecosystem plays an important role in the service function provided by each ecosystem in the study area. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the protection of wetland and grassland ecosystem in the development of this area. In order to slow down the decline trend of ecological service function and slow down the degradation of ecological environment in the study area.
【學位授予單位】：新疆師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X171

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