本文關(guān)鍵詞：井下文氏尾氣凈化裝置的研制及實驗應(yīng)用研究　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 碳煙 文氏管 試驗 CFD 數(shù)值模擬

【摘要】：柴油設(shè)備排放尾氣中的有害物質(zhì),是礦山井下封閉空間內(nèi)不容忽視的職業(yè)危害因素。井下柴油設(shè)備在高效采礦、出礦時,其排放的尾氣也在污染井下生產(chǎn)空氣環(huán)境。碳煙顆粒等污染物在工作面和運輸巷道中彌漫,不僅降低了工作環(huán)境的能見度,還成為井下作業(yè)人員的嚴重職業(yè)危害因素。老廠錫礦13-8#采區(qū)地處高海拔地區(qū),空氣相對稀薄,礦井新鮮空氣供給困難,使得所用各類柴油機尾氣凈化裝置的效果在井下都大打折扣,尾氣排放職業(yè)危害治理的問題突出。對礦井柴油設(shè)備的尾氣,一般宜采用加強礦井通風(fēng)、機載凈化裝置和環(huán)境凈化裝置三種措施進行綜合治理。其中,井下環(huán)境的尾氣凈化裝置,除設(shè)置水幕外,目前尚未見成熟的成果面世。本文所研究的文氏管尾氣凈化裝置,就是為了滿足井下尾氣環(huán)境的空氣凈化而產(chǎn)生的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新課題。本文在文氏管除塵理論的指導(dǎo)下,研究了文氏管除塵器用以去除粒徑小于0.1μm的粉塵粒子和氣態(tài)污染物的可能性。在設(shè)計中,強化了井下文氏尾氣凈化裝置結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、占地面積小、操作及維修方便的優(yōu)點。遵從技術(shù)開發(fā)的規(guī)律,從理論分析到選型,再到實驗室模擬試驗、工業(yè)實驗裝置設(shè)計制作及試驗改進,以及井下現(xiàn)場試驗驗證,較為完整地進行了這一新型安全設(shè)施的開發(fā)與實驗應(yīng)用工作。為了彌補現(xiàn)場實驗條件不能通過參數(shù)調(diào)整進行多組試驗的不足,本文通過建立CFD數(shù)值模擬模型,利用在老廠錫礦13-8#采區(qū)文氏尾氣凈化裝置現(xiàn)場試驗的實測數(shù)據(jù),對井下文氏尾氣凈化裝置的碳煙凈化效果進行了再現(xiàn)。在驗證模擬模型有效性的基礎(chǔ)上,證明了采用論文設(shè)計的凈化裝置解決礦井井下巷道碳煙污染問題的可行性。根據(jù)現(xiàn)場試驗及數(shù)值模擬分析,得到以下結(jié)論：1)實驗室模擬試驗過程中,在“大風(fēng)量、高水壓”試驗條件下,井下文氏尾氣凈化裝置模型碳煙凈化率最高,達到70%；2)現(xiàn)場試驗中,地面試驗階段測得井下文氏尾氣凈化裝置除碳煙效率最高可達46.9%；而在井下試驗條件較為苛刻情況下測得該凈化裝置的除碳煙效率為36.5%；3)CFD模擬計算得到,當井下文氏尾氣凈化裝置入口風(fēng)速達到20m/s時,凈化裝置入口前巷道中碳煙濃度降低的區(qū)域范圍占凈化裝置前巷道空間的96%左右；而當入口風(fēng)速不斷降低時,碳煙濃度降低的區(qū)域范圍依次縮小。
[Abstract]:The harmful substances in exhaust emission from diesel equipment are the occupational hazard factors that can not be ignored in the closed underground space of the mine. The exhaust gas from the downhole diesel equipment is also polluting the air environment under the high efficiency mining and mining. Soot particles and other pollutants diffuse in the working face and transportation lanes, which not only reduces the visibility of the working environment, but also becomes a serious occupational hazard factor for downhole operators. The 13-8# mining area of the old factory tin mine is located in the high altitude area, the air is relatively thin, and the fresh air supply of the mine is difficult, which makes the exhaust gas purification device of all kinds of diesel engine being greatly reduced in the underground, and the problem of occupational hazard management is outstanding. In general, three measures such as strengthening mine ventilation, airborne purification equipment and environmental purification equipment should be adopted for comprehensive treatment of exhaust gas of mine diesel equipment. Among them, the tail gas purification device in the downhole environment has not yet seen the mature results, except the water curtain. The venturi tube tail gas purification device studied in this paper is a technical innovation subject to meet the air purification in the downhole tail gas environment. Under the guidance of the dusting theory of Venturi tube, the possibility of removing dust particles and gaseous pollutants with particle size less than 0.1 u m is studied. In the design, the Ishita Wenji tail gas purification device has the advantages of simple structure, small area, easy operation and maintenance. Following the rule of technological development, from theoretical analysis to selection, and then to laboratory simulation test, industrial experiment device design and production improvement, as well as underground field test and verification, the development and experimental application of this new safety facility have been carried out. In order to remedy the deficiency of field experimental conditions can not be many groups of experiments by adjusting parameters, the paper establishes the CFD numerical simulation model, using measured data cleaning device field test in the Laochang Tin mining area 13-8# venturi tail gas, the purification effect of the well below the soot's exhaust gas purification device for reproduction. On the basis of verifying the validity of the simulation model, the feasibility of using the purification device designed by the paper to solve the problem of carbon smoke pollution in the mine tunnel is proved. According to the analysis of field test and numerical simulation, obtained the following conclusions: 1) the laboratory simulation test process, in the "large volume, high water pressure test conditions, Ishita Wenji exhaust purification device model soot purifying the highest rate of 70%; 2) the field test, the ground test stage measured Ishita Wenji exhaust gas purification device for removing carbon smoke the highest efficiency is 46.9%; while in the underground test conditions measured by the purification device in addition to soot efficiency of 36.5%; 3) CFD calculation results, as well as exhaust gas purification device's entrance wind speed reached 20m/ s, purification area in front of the entrance tunnel device soot concentration reduced for purifying device before the roadway space about 96%; and when the wind speed decreases when the entrance area, soot concentration decreased gradually decreasing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X701

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