【摘要】：爆破片作為一種保護(hù)壓力容器安全的安全泄放裝置,其疲勞壽命是工程中十分關(guān)注的問題。目前國內(nèi)外對爆破片疲勞性能的研究不多,而對在役爆破片疲勞性能的影響因素又較多,故規(guī)定和預(yù)測爆破片的疲勞壽命相當(dāng)困難。我國的各個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對爆破片裝置的疲勞壽命沒有明確規(guī)定,只要求進(jìn)行定期更換,這是不合理的。正確合理確定爆破片的疲勞壽命,既能為使用廠家節(jié)省成本、減少損失,又能保證生產(chǎn)、設(shè)備正常安全運行。本文搭建了一個用于正拱型爆破片疲勞壽命實驗的實驗平臺,對正拱型爆破片進(jìn)行了疲勞實驗,并與ANSYS有限元模擬結(jié)合,研究了壓環(huán)圓角、殘余應(yīng)力等對爆破片疲勞壽命的影響,對正拱型爆破片的研究與制造具有重要意義。本文主要的研究內(nèi)容如下：(1)搭建了一個應(yīng)用范圍廣、壓力波形可調(diào)、耐疲勞性能強(qiáng)的,用于正拱型爆破片疲勞壽命實驗的實驗平臺。改進(jìn)了高壓脈沖實驗機(jī),設(shè)計了連接實驗機(jī)與爆破片的夾具,并改進(jìn)了夾具的密封性能與抗疲勞性能,使疲勞實驗平臺能準(zhǔn)確地輸出高壓脈沖波形,用于進(jìn)行正拱型爆破片的疲勞壽命實驗。(2)進(jìn)行正拱型爆破片的疲勞壽命實驗。自主將圓平板成型加工制造成正拱型爆破片,進(jìn)行正拱型爆破片的疲勞壽命實驗,并與靜壓爆破實驗進(jìn)行對比；對不同壓環(huán)圓角下的正拱型爆破片進(jìn)行疲勞壽命實驗,研究了壓環(huán)圓角對正拱型爆破片疲勞壽命的影響。(3)利用ANSYS有限元軟件對正拱型爆破片進(jìn)行應(yīng)力分析,通過計算應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度來計算正拱型爆破片的疲勞壽命；給出了不同彎曲程度R/S對正拱型爆破片的疲勞破壞位置影響的臨界曲線；發(fā)現(xiàn)殘余應(yīng)力對正拱型爆破片的疲勞壽命有很大影響；提出正拱型爆破片疲勞壽命相關(guān)的工程應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:As a kind of safe release device for protecting pressure vessel, the fatigue life of blasting disc is a problem of great concern in engineering. At present, there are not many researches on the fatigue performance of blasting discs at home and abroad, and there are many factors affecting the fatigue performance of blasting discs in service, so it is very difficult to specify and predict the fatigue life of blasting discs. The fatigue life of the explosive disc device is not clearly stipulated in the standards of our country. It is unreasonable to require periodic replacement only. The correct and reasonable determination of the fatigue life of the blasting disc can not only save the cost, reduce the loss, but also ensure the production and the normal and safe operation of the equipment. In this paper, an experimental platform for fatigue life test of positive arch blasting disc is set up. The fatigue test of positive arch blasting disc is carried out, and combined with ANSYS finite element simulation, the circular corner of compression ring is studied. The influence of residual stress on the fatigue life of blasting disc is of great significance to the research and manufacture of positive arch blasting disc. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) an experimental platform for fatigue life test of positive arch blasting discs with wide application range, adjustable pressure waveform and strong fatigue resistance is set up. The high pressure pulse experiment machine is improved, the fixture connecting the experiment machine and the blasting disc is designed, and the sealing performance and the fatigue resistance performance of the fixture are improved, so that the fatigue experiment platform can output the high pressure pulse waveform accurately. It is used to test the fatigue life of the positive arch blasting disc. (2) the fatigue life experiment of the positive arch blasting disc is carried out. In this paper, the circular plate is made into a positive arch blasting disc, and the fatigue life test of the positive arch blasting disc is carried out, and compared with the static pressure blasting test. In this paper, the fatigue life of the normal arch blasting disc with different pressure ring circular angle is tested, and the influence of the pressure ring circle angle on the fatigue life of the normal arch blasting disc is studied. (3) the stress analysis of the normal arch blasting disc is carried out by using ANSYS finite element software. The fatigue life of the positive arch blasting disc is calculated by calculating the stress intensity. The critical curve of the influence of different bending degree R / S on the fatigue failure position of the normal arch blasting disc is given, and it is found that the residual stress has a great influence on the fatigue life of the normal arch blasting disc. The engineering application related to fatigue life of positive arch blasting disc is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ051.3

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