【摘要】：近年來(lái),多流股換熱器以其結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、高效低耗等特點(diǎn),成為過(guò)程強(qiáng)化研究的熱門(mén)課題。然而,盡管它早已廣泛應(yīng)用于低溫工業(yè)領(lǐng)域,但有關(guān)其設(shè)備及網(wǎng)絡(luò)的研究仍然較少,且現(xiàn)有研究工作也并未完善�；谠摤F(xiàn)狀,以多流股換熱器為對(duì)象,展開(kāi)設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化同步綜合工作。首先,以其獨(dú)特?fù)Q熱形式為著手點(diǎn),建立多流股同步換熱熱耦合模型,并通過(guò)流股能量匹配,揭示其換熱原理,以及它與常規(guī)雙流股換熱的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系。同時(shí),引入狀態(tài)空間(State Space, SS)超級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),并將多流股換熱器熱耦合模型作為過(guò)程操作算子,納入到過(guò)程操作(Process Operator, PO)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,從而建立多流股換熱器網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合方法。其次,考慮到多流股換熱器工業(yè)應(yīng)用背景,將環(huán)境因素與保溫材料項(xiàng)納入到多流股換熱器設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)中。通過(guò)系統(tǒng)預(yù)分析,提出平板式模型假設(shè),構(gòu)建多流股換熱器集總模型；并結(jié)合SS超級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò),構(gòu)造出得以量化環(huán)境影響與保溫材料封包效果的系統(tǒng)預(yù)分析框架。接著,從流股層面對(duì)多流股換熱器模型進(jìn)行改進(jìn),詳細(xì)量化環(huán)境因素對(duì)過(guò)程流股的影響,及保溫材料封包效應(yīng),擺脫集總模型的籠統(tǒng)計(jì)算。提出多流股換熱器流道分布規(guī)則,從而得到更為詳細(xì)合理的設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)策略,并將其作為新的過(guò)程操作算子。同時(shí),改進(jìn)SS超級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)過(guò)程單元有序編號(hào),去除循環(huán)回路冗余連接,將此無(wú)序網(wǎng)絡(luò)改造成更適用于換熱問(wèn)題的有序超級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),進(jìn)而建立起環(huán)境作用下的多流股換熱器設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化同步綜合框架。最后,對(duì)等溫相變過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析,以相變率及絕對(duì)焓替代溫度,提出識(shí)別過(guò)程流股狀態(tài)的新判據(jù)。通過(guò)適當(dāng)數(shù)學(xué)約束,建立起對(duì)等溫相變處理的新方法,并結(jié)合改進(jìn)的有序超級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),提出包含等溫相變過(guò)程的多流股換熱器設(shè)計(jì)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合策略。此外,在模型求解策略上,以連續(xù)變量替代二元變量,通過(guò)互補(bǔ)性約束等處理手段,將混合整數(shù)非線性規(guī)劃轉(zhuǎn)化為單純的非線性問(wèn)題,避免混合整數(shù)與強(qiáng)非線性的復(fù)雜耦合,有效降低模型復(fù)雜度以及求解難度。同時(shí),使用目前最為完善的確定性算法CONOPT,作為非線性問(wèn)題的模型求解器,結(jié)合隨機(jī)擾動(dòng)賦初值和多次迭代反復(fù)求解的策略,經(jīng)局部最優(yōu)解篩選,捕捉全局最優(yōu)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。最終,通過(guò)實(shí)際算例對(duì)所提設(shè)計(jì)策略與綜合方法可行性與優(yōu)越性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:In recent years, multi-flow heat exchanger with its compact structure, high efficiency and low consumption has become a hot topic in process strengthening research. However, although it has been widely used in the field of cryogenic industry for a long time, the research on its equipment and network is still few, and the existing research work is not perfect. Based on this situation, the synthesis of equipment design and network optimization is carried out with multi-stream heat exchanger as the object. Firstly, taking its unique heat transfer form as the starting point, the coupling model of simultaneous heat transfer of multi-flow strands is established, and the principle of heat transfer and the topological relationship between it and the conventional two-stream heat transfer are revealed through the energy matching of the flow streams. At the same time, the state space (State Space, SS) superstructure is introduced, and the heat coupling model of the multi-flow heat exchanger is taken as the process operator, which is incorporated into the process operation (Process Operator, PO) network, and the synthesis method of the multi-stream heat exchanger network is established. Secondly, considering the industrial application background of multi-flow heat exchanger, the environmental factors and heat preservation materials are brought into the design of multi-flow heat exchanger equipment. Through system pre-analysis, a flat plate model hypothesis is put forward, and a lumped model of multi-flow heat exchanger is constructed, and a system pre-analysis framework for quantifying environmental impact and heat preservation material sealing effect is constructed by combining with SS supernetwork. Then, the multi-flow heat exchanger model is improved from the flow level, and the influence of environmental factors on the process flow stock is quantified in detail, and the heat preservation material envelope effect is also analyzed to get rid of the general calculation of the lumped model. The flow channel distribution rules of multi-flow heat exchangers are proposed, and a more detailed and reasonable design strategy is obtained, which is regarded as a new process operator. At the same time, the superstructure of SS is improved, the process unit is ordered numbered, the redundant connection of the loop is removed, and the disorder network is transformed into an ordered superstructure which is more suitable for heat transfer problems. Furthermore, an integrated framework for the design of multi-stream heat exchanger equipment and network optimization is established. Finally, the isothermal phase transition process is analyzed, and a new criterion for identifying the flow state of the process is proposed by replacing the temperature with the transformation rate and absolute enthalpy. A new method for the treatment of isothermal phase transition is established by proper mathematical constraints. Combined with an improved ordered superstructure, a comprehensive strategy for the design and network of multi-flow heat exchangers with isothermal phase transition processes is proposed. In addition, in the strategy of solving the model, the mixed integer nonlinear programming is transformed into a simple nonlinear problem by using continuous variables instead of binary variables, and by means of complementary constraints, so as to avoid the complex coupling between mixed integers and strong nonlinearity. The complexity of the model and the difficulty of solving the model are reduced effectively. At the same time, the most perfect deterministic algorithm, CONOPT, is used as the model solver for nonlinear problems. Combined with the strategy of random perturbation with initial value and repeated iterative solution, the global optimal network is captured by the selection of local optimal solution. Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed design strategy and synthesis method are verified by practical examples.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ051.5

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