本文選題：攪拌槽 + 撞擊流反應器��； 參考：《北京化工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：撞擊流(Impinging Jets)是由Elperin首次提出的一種過程強化方式,通過將兩股或多股高速流動的流體沿著同一軸線相向流動并最終在某一區(qū)域發(fā)生撞擊,使得撞擊之后高速流體的軸向速度轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槊}動速度,產(chǎn)生出一個湍動非常劇烈的撞擊區(qū)域。在這個區(qū)域內(nèi),流場湍流作用明顯,強烈的剪切作用將流體微團粉碎的十分微小。這樣不僅增大了固定流體體積下流體的接觸面積以及傳質(zhì)推動力,改善了流體的混合狀態(tài),強化了過程的質(zhì)量以及熱量傳遞效果；而且減小了生產(chǎn)設(shè)備的體積�；谧矒袅骶哂械闹T多優(yōu)點,科研人員對其進行了大量的研究,使得撞擊流在許多化工生產(chǎn)過程中得到了研究和應用。使用撞擊流技術(shù)對有機羧酸的絡合萃取過程進行強化是撞擊流技術(shù)在化工生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域的應用之一。撞擊流過程流場能量大,湍動作用強烈,可以明顯地促進流體的混合,彌補了傳統(tǒng)萃取操作相間接觸面積小,傳質(zhì)系數(shù)小、反應時間過長的缺點。正丁酸(butyric acid)是一種常用化工原料,具有類似于腐敗奶油的難聞氣味,極低的濃度就會被人類察覺,嚴重影響環(huán)境。丁酸合成工業(yè)的廢水中含有含量很低的丁酸,如果直接排放這些含有丁酸的廢水,既會嚴重污染環(huán)境,又會導致額外的經(jīng)濟損失。因此對這些極稀濃度的丁酸廢水進行萃取具有很重要的意義。本實驗在撞擊流反應器內(nèi)以及傳統(tǒng)機械攪拌槽內(nèi)對磷酸三丁酯萃取丁酸過程的萃取性能進行研究,并將二者的結(jié)果進行了比較,旨在考察撞擊流萃取對快速反應羧酸萃取過程的強化性能。主要從以下方面開展了實驗研究：1、在撞擊流反應器中進行實驗,考察了丁酸的濃度Caq、TBP的濃度Corg、撞擊速度V、撞擊區(qū)上方空間L、兩相的流速比Vorg/Vaq以及管徑di對丁酸的萃取率E和質(zhì)量傳遞系數(shù)KLa的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)丁酸濃度、TBP濃度、撞擊速度、兩相流速比以及管徑大小對萃取過程的效果影響較大,而撞擊區(qū)上方空間的變化對過程的影響較小,可以忽略。最后,將實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行了擬合,得到了質(zhì)量傳遞系數(shù)KLa與主要影響因素之間的擬合關(guān)系,并具有較好的預測效果。2、在傳統(tǒng)的標準攪拌槽中展開實驗,考察了丁酸的濃度Caq、TBP的濃度Corg、萃取時間t、萃取相比P、攪拌槳轉(zhuǎn)速S以及萃取溫度T對萃取過程傳質(zhì)性能的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)丁酸的萃取效果受丁酸濃度、TBP濃度、萃取時間、相比、攪拌槳轉(zhuǎn)速變化的影響較大,而對溫度的變化不敏感。最后將撞擊流反應器的傳質(zhì)效果與攪拌槽進行了對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)對于快速反應體系,撞擊流反應器的傳質(zhì)效果要略微的優(yōu)于攪拌槽,對快速絡合反應體系的傳質(zhì)效果具有一定的強化作用。
[Abstract]:Impinging jetsis a process strengthening method proposed by Elperin for the first time, by moving two or more high-speed flowing fluids along the same axis and finally striking in a certain area. The axial velocity of the high velocity fluid changes to the pulsating velocity after impact, resulting in a very violent turbulence zone. In this area, the turbulent effect of the flow field is obvious. This not only increases the contact area and mass transfer force of the fluid under the fixed fluid volume, but also improves the mixing state of the fluid, strengthens the quality of the process and the heat transfer effect, and reduces the volume of the production equipment. Based on the many advantages of impinging stream, researchers have done a lot of research on it, and the impinging stream has been studied and applied in many chemical production processes. The enhancement of complexation extraction of organic carboxylic acids by impinging flow technology is one of the applications of impinging flow technology in chemical production. The impinging flow process is characterized by large energy and strong turbulence, which can obviously promote the mixing of fluid, and make up for the shortcomings of traditional extraction operation, such as small contact area between phases, small mass transfer coefficient and long reaction time. Butyric acidis is a common chemical raw material, which has a bad smell similar to corrupted cream, and the very low concentration will be detected by human beings, which will seriously affect the environment. Butyric acid is contained in the wastewater of butyric acid synthesis industry. If the wastewater containing butyric acid is discharged directly, it will not only pollute the environment seriously, but also lead to extra economic loss. Therefore, it is of great significance to extract these extremely dilute concentrations of butyric acid wastewater. In this experiment, the extraction performance of tributyl phosphate in butyric acid was studied in impinging flow reactor and in the traditional mechanical stirred tank, and the results were compared with each other. The purpose of this study was to investigate the enhancement performance of impinging stream extraction for rapid reaction carboxylic acid extraction. Mainly from the following aspects of the experimental study: 1, in the impinging flow reactor to carry out the experiment, The effects of the concentration of butyric acid, the impact velocity V, the space L above the impact zone, the flow rate ratio Vorg/Vaq of two phases and the diameter di on the extraction rate E and mass transfer coefficient (KLa) of butyric acid were investigated. It is found that the concentration of butyric acid (TBP), the impact velocity, the velocity ratio of two phase flow and the diameter of the tube have great influence on the extraction process, but the change of the space above the impact zone has little effect on the extraction process, which can be neglected. Finally, the experimental data are fitted, and the fitting relationship between the mass transfer coefficient (KLa) and the main influencing factors is obtained. The experiment is carried out in the traditional standard stirred tank. The effects of concentration of butyric acid, concentration of Caqn TBP, extraction time t, extraction ratio P, stirring speed S and extraction temperature T on the mass transfer properties of the extraction process were investigated. It was found that the extraction effect of butyric acid was influenced by the concentration of butyric acid (TBP), the extraction time, and the speed of agitator, but was not sensitive to the change of temperature. Finally, the mass transfer effect of impinging flow reactor is compared with that of stirred tank. It is found that the mass transfer effect of impinging flow reactor is slightly better than that of agitating tank for rapid reaction system. It can strengthen the mass transfer of the rapid complexation reaction system.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ021.4

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