本文選題：石墨烯 + 非晶碳��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石墨烯是碳原子經SP2雜化所形成的具有單原子厚度的二維材料。石墨烯性能優(yōu)越,如超高的電子遷移率(200000cm2v-1s-1)、優(yōu)異的力學性能(楊氏模量1100GPa、斷裂強度13GPa)、良好的光透過性(97%)和超大的比表面積(2630m2/g),這不僅使得其發(fā)現之初就受到了科學家的青睞,更使其在能源化工、信息材料和生物工程等諸多領域都得到了大量的研究。石墨烯是21世紀最耀眼的材料之一,其發(fā)現者僅僅4年后就獲得了諾貝爾獎。經過十一年的發(fā)展,石墨烯研究取得了巨大的進步,但是目前制約著石墨烯產業(yè)化應用的主要瓶頸依然是石墨烯制備工藝的優(yōu)化,如何能夠制備層數可控的高質量石墨烯技術一直是迫切需要解決的問題。本文以非晶碳為碳源,金屬Cu和Ni為催化金屬,通過構建基底-非晶碳-催化金屬的“三明治”結構,在真空下經高溫退火制備石墨烯,主要研究了不同的催化金屬、不同的溫度參數和不同的非晶碳含量對生成石墨烯的影響,最終獲得了一種可控制備石墨烯的工藝路線。研究發(fā)現,溫度是決定石墨烯形成的重要參數。金屬Cu作為催化劑時,當溫度低于900℃時并不能生成石墨烯,900℃是在Cu催化下可以形成石墨烯的理想溫度,若溫度繼續(xù)升高,則制得的石墨烯缺陷增多,同時雜質碳的含量也增多。在溫度保證不變的條件下,可以通過改變保溫時間來控制生成石墨烯的層數,其效果遠遠好于直接減少碳含量來控制石墨烯層數的方法,最終可以獲得單層的石墨烯,但是其尺寸較小、缺陷較大。本文通過共濺射的方式引入金屬Ni,利用Cu-Ni合金進行催化,使得非晶碳在高溫下溶解在金屬Ni中,利用Cu來抑制非晶碳的量,在降溫的過程中金屬Cu與Ni互溶,C在表面析出制得石墨烯。隨著Ni的加入,可以在低于900℃條件下獲得石墨烯,但需要延長保溫時間以利于非晶碳溶解在金屬Ni中,800℃保溫5min下制得單層的石墨烯,且石墨烯的產量明顯增多、缺陷較少。并且通過延長保溫時間可以制得多層石墨烯。若金屬Ni的含量過多,則制得的石墨烯結構缺陷較大,層數很難控制。當金屬Ni的含量為13.63at%所獲得的石墨烯質量最佳。
[Abstract]:Graphene is a two-dimensional material with the thickness of a single atom formed by SP2 hybridization of carbon atoms.The excellent properties of graphene, such as the ultra-high electron mobility of 200000cm2v-1s-1s, excellent mechanical properties (Young's modulus 1100GPaA, fracture strength 13GPaA, good light transmittance) and large specific surface area of 2630mm2 / g, not only made it attractive to scientists at the beginning of its discovery,It has been studied in many fields, such as energy, chemical industry, information materials and bioengineering.Graphene is one of the most dazzling materials of the 21 st century, and its discoverer won the Nobel Prize just four years later.After eleven years of development, great progress has been made in graphene research, but at present, the main bottleneck restricting the industrial application of graphene is the optimization of graphene preparation process.How to prepare high quality graphene with controllable number of layers is an urgent problem.In this paper, using amorphous carbon as carbon source and metal Cu and Ni as catalytic metals, the "sandwich" structure of substrate-amorphous carbon-catalytic metal was constructed, and graphene was prepared by high temperature annealing in vacuum. Different catalytic metals were studied.The effect of different temperature parameters and amorphous carbon content on the formation of graphene was investigated, and a controllable process for preparing graphene was obtained.It is found that temperature is an important parameter to determine the formation of graphene.When Cu is used as catalyst, when the temperature is below 900 鈩，

本文編號：1751114