本文選題：超臨界流體　切入點(diǎn)：連續(xù)萃取　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：超臨界流體萃取技術(shù)是一種新型的萃取分離技術(shù)。針對目前超臨界流體萃取技術(shù)存在的不足,介紹了超臨界流體連續(xù)萃取技術(shù)在工藝、設(shè)備及其關(guān)鍵技術(shù)方面的發(fā)展情況。該技術(shù)具有萃取效率高、安全可靠、節(jié)能環(huán)保等優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及廣泛的應(yīng)用前景和研究價(jià)值。作者在超臨界流體多工藝過程試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)中,以高壓超高壓連續(xù)固體物料萃取和滅菌裝置為基礎(chǔ),介紹了活塞倉式連續(xù)萃取器的工藝流程,并在連續(xù)萃取的基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)現(xiàn)分級連續(xù)萃取,給出了具體的工藝實(shí)現(xiàn)方式。結(jié)合活塞倉式連續(xù)萃取器,針對萃取器中的核心問題一一高壓往復(fù)動(dòng)密封,作者設(shè)計(jì)了以活塞為主的新型密封結(jié)構(gòu)。以活塞為基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計(jì)并加工出一套高壓往復(fù)動(dòng)密封試驗(yàn)設(shè)備,設(shè)備主要包括筒體、活塞、傳動(dòng)絲杠、移動(dòng)套筒、平蓋法蘭、絲杠并帽和止推軸承等結(jié)構(gòu)。給出了試驗(yàn)設(shè)備的整體設(shè)計(jì)思想,具體結(jié)構(gòu)以及試驗(yàn)設(shè)備的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。利用高壓往復(fù)動(dòng)密封試驗(yàn)設(shè)備進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),根據(jù)活塞倉式連續(xù)萃取器的工作原理,分別進(jìn)行往復(fù)動(dòng)密封壓力測定試驗(yàn)和密封泄漏率測定試驗(yàn)。在試驗(yàn)中測定不同材料不同結(jié)構(gòu)的密封效果,給出最優(yōu)方案及使用壽命。針對試驗(yàn)中的接觸密封過程,利用ANSYS軟件進(jìn)行模擬計(jì)算；根據(jù)試驗(yàn)設(shè)備實(shí)際尺寸建立幾何模型,選用Mooney-Rivlin數(shù)學(xué)模型,進(jìn)一步模擬磨損過程的使用壽命,并分析處于預(yù)緊、工作和磨損三種狀態(tài)下的接觸密封情況。結(jié)果表明,三種情況均可實(shí)現(xiàn)有效密封。綜合分析高壓往復(fù)動(dòng)密封試驗(yàn)結(jié)果及密封接觸過程的模擬結(jié)果,給出活塞倉式連續(xù)萃取器的典型設(shè)計(jì)。所獲得的研究成果,可對超臨界流體連續(xù)萃取技術(shù)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展和研究提供幫助。
[Abstract]:Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a new type of extraction and separation technology. In view of the shortcomings of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) at present, the continuous supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technology is introduced. The technology has the advantages of high extraction efficiency, safety and reliability, energy saving and environmental protection, as well as extensive application prospect and research value. On the basis of high pressure ultra high pressure continuous solid material extraction and sterilizing equipment, the technological process of piston chamber type continuous extractor is introduced, and the staged continuous extraction is realized on the basis of continuous extraction. Combined with the piston chamber type continuous extractor, the author designed a new sealing structure based on piston, aiming at the core problem of the extractor, namely, high pressure reciprocating seal. A set of high pressure reciprocating seal test equipment is designed and machined. The equipment mainly includes cylinder, piston, drive lead screw, moving sleeve, flange of flat cover, parallel cap of lead screw and thrust bearing, etc. The overall design idea of the test equipment is given. According to the working principle of piston chamber type continuous extractor, the concrete structure and the innovation of test equipment are tested by means of high pressure reciprocating seal test equipment. The reciprocating seal pressure measurement test and seal leakage rate test were carried out respectively. In the test, the sealing effect of different materials and different structures was measured, and the optimal scheme and service life were given. In view of the contact sealing process in the test, According to the actual size of the test equipment, the geometric model is established, the Mooney-Rivlin mathematical model is selected to further simulate the service life of the wear process, and the pre-tightening is analyzed. The results show that the effective sealing can be realized in all the three conditions. The experimental results of high pressure reciprocating seal and the simulation results of the seal contact process are analyzed synthetically. The typical design of piston chamber continuous extractor is given. The results obtained can be helpful to the further development and research of supercritical fluid continuous extraction technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ028.32

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