本文選題：鈀基納米材料　切入點：中空結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：直接醇類燃料電池因其燃料來源廣泛、儲存運輸安全、能量轉(zhuǎn)化效率高和環(huán)保等優(yōu)點,在燃料電池領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。催化劑作為影響其能量轉(zhuǎn)化效率和價格的重要因素之一,減少催化劑的用量并提高催化活性是直接醇類燃料電池進一步發(fā)展過程中極為重要且亟待解決的問題�；诖�,本論文著眼于高效、低價的直接醇類燃料電池催化劑的設(shè)計,從納米材料的組分、結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌和載體四個方面來進行調(diào)控,合成了幾種不同類型的一維Pd基中空納米催化劑,并研究了其在直接醇類燃料電池中的電催化性能。主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果如下:1.設(shè)計了一種以氧化石墨烯(GO)為穩(wěn)定劑和分散劑,Te納米線為模板,可控合成一維Pd基納米管/GO復(fù)合材料的方法。通過加入不同的金屬鹽前體,在室溫水溶液中成功合成了三種不同組分(PdTe,PdPtTe和PdAuTe)的納米管/GO復(fù)合材料,在這三種材料中,Pd基納米管均具有較均一的形貌,且在GO上有良好的分散性。通過電化學(xué)方法將GO還原后,研究了不同比例的PdAuTe納米管/還原石墨烯(rGO)復(fù)合材料電催化乙醇氧化的性能,結(jié)果表明,合成的Pd47Au33Te20、Pd31Au49Te20和Pd62Au17Te21納米管/rGO復(fù)合材料的質(zhì)量比活性分別為5.31 mA ug~(-1)Pd、4.87 m A ug~(-1)Pd和2.94 mA ug~(-1)Pd,分別是商業(yè)Pd/C(1.03 mA ug~(-1)Pd)催化劑的5.16、4.59和2.77倍。該方法為設(shè)計合成具有特定形貌的石墨烯基納米催化劑提供了新的思路。2.以Te納米線和Ag納米粒子為模板,合成了一種全新的中空Pt球/PdPt管納米結(jié)構(gòu),并研究了其電催化乙二醇和丙三醇氧化的性能。結(jié)果表明,合成的中空鉑納米球/鈀鉑納米管結(jié)構(gòu)電催化乙二醇氧化的質(zhì)量活性為5.21 A mg~(-1)metal,分別是商業(yè)Pt/C和商業(yè)Pd/C催化劑的2.29倍和5.15倍;其電催化丙三醇氧化的質(zhì)量活性為1.60A mg~(-1)metal,分別是商業(yè)Pt/C和商業(yè)Pd/C催化劑的1.46倍和3.96倍。同時,這種材料在電催化過程中表現(xiàn)出增強的穩(wěn)定性。這種全新的零維/一維中空納米結(jié)構(gòu)具有一維納米管的結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性、中空納米球空腔的區(qū)域限制效應(yīng)以及Pd、Pt兩種金屬的協(xié)同效應(yīng)等多重優(yōu)勢,使得其表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的電催化性能。
[Abstract]:Direct alcohol fuel cells have the advantages of wide fuel sources, safe storage and transportation, high energy conversion efficiency and environmental protection. The catalyst is one of the most important factors affecting the energy conversion efficiency and price of the fuel cell. Reducing the amount of catalyst and improving the catalytic activity are the most important and urgent problems in the further development of direct alcohol fuel cell. Therefore, this paper focuses on the design of high efficiency and low price catalyst for direct alcohol fuel cell. Based on the composition, structure, morphology and support of nanomaterials, several kinds of one-dimensional PD based hollow nanocrystalline catalysts were synthesized. The main contents and results are as follows: 1. Using graphene oxide (GOO) as stabilizer and dispersant TTE nanowire as template, One-dimensional PD based nanotubes / go composites were synthesized by controllable synthesis. By adding different metal salt precursors, three kinds of nanotube / go composites with different components (PdTeN, PdPtTe and PdAuTe3) were successfully synthesized in aqueous solution at room temperature. In these three materials, the Pd-based nanotubes have uniform morphology and good dispersion on go. After the reduction of go by electrochemical method, The electrocatalytic performance of PdAuTe nanotubes / reduced graphene oxide (GOG) composites for ethanol oxidation was studied. The mass specific activities of the synthesized Pd47Au33Te20Pd31Au49Te20 and Pd62Au17Te21 nanotube / rgo composites were 5.31 Ma ug-1a ug~(-1)Pd and 2.94 Ma ug-1Pdl respectively, which were 5.164.59 and 2.77 times of commercial Pd/C(1.03 mAug-1Pd) catalysts, respectively. This method was used to design and synthesize graphene groups with specific morphologies. Using Te nanowires and Ag nanoparticles as templates, A novel hollow Pt sphere / PdPt nanostructure was synthesized and its electrocatalytic properties for the oxidation of ethylene glycol and glycerol were studied. The electrocatalytic activity of the hollow platinum nanospheres / palladium platinum nanotubes for ethylene glycol oxidation is 5.21 A mg / L metal, which is 2.29 and 5.15 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C and commercial Pd/C catalysts, respectively. The electrocatalytic activity of propanediol oxidation is 1.60 A mg / L metal, which is 1.46 times and 3.96 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C and commercial Pd/C respectively. The new zero-dimensional / one-dimensional hollow nanostructures have the structural stability of one-dimensional nanotubes. The region limiting effect of hollow nanospheres and the synergistic effect of PD / Pt and Pt make them exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O643.36;TM911.4

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本文編號：1637560