【摘要】：在葉片中間葉根處設(shè)置減振阻尼器,可以較好地解決葉片振動過大問題,當(dāng)葉片受到外部激振力作用產(chǎn)生振動時,阻尼器與緣板之間的往復(fù)干摩擦能夠消耗振動能量從而起到減振作用,同時能降低振動應(yīng)力。干摩擦阻尼具有減振效果好,有效工作裕度寬,惡劣條件下能夠正常工作等特點,目前已廣泛應(yīng)用于航空發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)子葉片的減振設(shè)計中。從多角度研究干摩擦阻尼的減振特性及其對葉片動力特性的影響,具有特別重要的理論意義和工程實際應(yīng)用價值。本文建立葉根帶緣板的葉片/盤有限元模型,應(yīng)用一維整體-局部統(tǒng)一滑動干摩擦理論,對葉片承受準(zhǔn)周期激勵及葉盤扇區(qū)質(zhì)量不均勻狀態(tài)時緣板干摩擦阻尼器的減振特性進行仿真分析。最后,推導(dǎo)一種新型“Cottage Roof”阻尼片的接觸界面干摩擦理論模型,考察該型阻尼片結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對其減振效果的影響。本文主要研究工作如下:(1)查閱相關(guān)資料,選定準(zhǔn)周期激勵形式作為激振源。建立葉片有限元模型,開發(fā)適用于計算準(zhǔn)周期激勵的時域計算程序,得到對應(yīng)算例的頻率響應(yīng)曲線并總結(jié)干摩擦阻尼的減振規(guī)律。(2)建立更貼合工程實際結(jié)構(gòu)的葉盤扇區(qū)模型,各個葉片之間通過剛度單元和阻尼單元進行耦合,通過線性化方法得到等效剛度和等效阻尼系數(shù),研究葉盤扇區(qū)分別在緣板阻尼片質(zhì)量不均勻及葉片質(zhì)量不均勻兩種狀態(tài)時葉片的振動特性及干摩擦阻尼的減振特性。(3)建立“Cottage Roof”型阻尼片接觸界面干摩擦理論模型,得到阻尼片摩擦力與位移本構(gòu)表達(dá)式及不同屋頂角度時的遲滯回線,利用能量法和一階諧波平衡法推導(dǎo)等效剛度和等效粘性阻尼公式,進而建立該型阻尼片的一維整體-局部統(tǒng)一滑動模型。(4)設(shè)計和制造不同屋頂角度和不同厚度的“Cottage Roof”型阻尼片,通過試驗結(jié)果和仿真計算結(jié)果的對比,驗證該型阻尼片干摩擦理論的正確性。開發(fā)振動響應(yīng)計算程序,研究“Cottage Roof”型阻尼片屋頂角度、厚度、摩擦系數(shù)、準(zhǔn)周期激勵形式對其減振特性的影響。
[Abstract]:The problem of excessive vibration of the blade can be well solved by setting a damper at the root of the middle blade of the blade. When the blade is vibrated by external excitation force, the vibration of the blade can be solved. The reciprocating dry friction between damper and plate can consume vibration energy and reduce vibration stress. Dry friction damping has been widely used in the design of aero-engine rotor blades because of its good damping effect, wide effective working margin, and the ability to work normally under bad conditions. It is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to study the vibration absorption characteristics of dry friction damping and its influence on the dynamic characteristics of blades from many angles. In this paper, the blade / disk finite element model of the blade / plate of the blade root band plate is established, and the one-dimensional integral and local unified sliding dry friction theory is applied. The vibration absorption characteristics of the edge plate dry friction damper under quasi periodic excitation and non-uniform mass in the disk sector are simulated and analyzed. Finally, a theoretical model of contact interface dry friction of a new type of "Cottage Roof" damping plate is derived, and the influence of structural parameters of the damping plate on its damping effect is investigated. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) quasi periodic excitation is selected as the source of excitation. The finite element model of blade is established, and the time domain calculation program suitable for quasi periodic excitation is developed. The frequency response curve of the corresponding example is obtained and the damping law of dry friction damping is summarized. (2) the blade sector model is established to fit the actual structure of the engineering, and each blade is coupled by stiffness element and damping element. The equivalent stiffness and damping coefficient are obtained by linearization method. The vibration characteristics of the blade and the damping characteristics of the dry friction damping in the disk sector are studied under the condition of the uneven mass of the plate damping plate and the uneven mass of the blade respectively. (3) the dry friction theory model of the contact interface of the "Cottage Roof" damping plate is established. The constitutive expressions of friction and displacement of damping plates and hysteresis loops with different roof angles are obtained. The equivalent stiffness and viscous damping formulas are derived by using the energy method and the first order harmonic balance method. Then the one-dimensional monolithic and local unified sliding model of the damping plate is established. (4) the "Cottage Roof" damping sheet with different roof angles and different thickness is designed and manufactured, and the comparison between the experimental results and the simulation results is carried out. The validity of the dry friction theory of the damping plate is verified. The vibration response calculation program is developed to study the influence of the angle, thickness, friction coefficient and quasi periodic excitation form of "Cottage Roof" damping sheet roof on its vibration absorption characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：V231.92

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