【摘要】：我國探月三期的主要目標之一是利用鉆取采樣裝置獲取不小于2米深度的月壤樣品并返回地球,鉆進導向機構作為鉆取采樣裝置的重要組件,為多種輸入工況下的鉆具提供支撐和導向功能,其合理的設計是保證鉆取采樣裝置順利采樣的關鍵。國內外對于特殊環(huán)境下的鉆進導向機構研究甚少,如何設計出具有優(yōu)良導向性能的導向機構仍是一個未知的問題。因此,研究鉆進導向機構從構型到結構設計對保證鉆具的鉆進精度和提高鉆取采樣的可靠性具有重要意義。分析鉆進導向機構的功能需求和技術指標,提取鉆進導向機構的設計要素,設計其合理構型。針對構型中導軌副摩擦形式和接觸類型的不同,提出多種設計方案并分析各方案的工作原理及優(yōu)缺點。引入層次分析法建立導軌副的評價模型,采用定性和定量相結合的分析方法計算各方案的權重,為鉆進導向機構構型方案的優(yōu)選提供依據。針對優(yōu)選出的鉆進導向機構構型,提取關鍵結構參數,進行導向機構導向性能參數化研究。分析鉆進導向機構力學邊界條件和外界載荷等效方式,建立導向精度、鉆具撓曲變形和赫茲接觸應力的數學模型并給出相應的約束條件,得到鉆進導向機構上述評價導向性能的指標與自身結構參數之間的關系,初步確定各參數的取值范圍,為鉆進導向機構的結構設計奠定理論基礎。明確鉆進導向機構的功能組成和導向機構在鉆取采樣任務全周期中的力學環(huán)境,對鉆進導向機構的關鍵組成部件進行結構設計,并進行相應靜力學分析和環(huán)境適應性分析。運用有限元分析方法模擬月壤鉆取采樣極限工況,分析鉆進導向機構的剛度和強度并預計質量,進一步對鉆進導向機構的強度和剛度進行校核。給出鉆進導向機構力學條件并設置相關仿真參數,建立鉆進導向機構的三維仿真模型。在多體動力學軟件中模擬月面極限工況,對鉆具施加不同方向的擾動力,得到導向機構各支撐處的接觸力和鉆機質心位移隨時間變化的趨勢,驗證靜力學模型中導向機構姿態(tài)的正確性并分析各平面的抗偏載能力。計算鉆進導向機構的導向精度,對鉆進導向機構在鉆取采樣任務中的導向性能進行評價,為取芯鉆具及限幅機構等相關結構的設計分析提供理論參考。
[Abstract]:One of the main objectives of the third phase of lunar exploration in China is to obtain lunar soil samples at a depth of not less than 2 meters and return to earth by drilling sampling device. Drilling guidance mechanism is an important component of drilling sampling device. It provides support and guidance function for drilling tools under various input conditions, and its reasonable design is the key to ensure the sampling device to sample smoothly. There is little research on drilling steering mechanism in special environment at home and abroad. It is still an unknown problem how to design a guiding mechanism with good steering performance. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the drilling guide mechanism from configuration to structure design to ensure drilling accuracy and improve the reliability of drilling sampling. The function requirement and technical index of drilling guide mechanism are analyzed, the design elements of drilling guide mechanism are extracted, and its reasonable configuration is designed. Aiming at the different friction forms and contact types of guideway pairs in configuration, various design schemes are put forward and their working principles, advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is introduced to establish the evaluation model of the guideway pair. The weight of each scheme is calculated by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis method, which provides the basis for the optimal selection of the configuration scheme of the drilling guide mechanism. The key structural parameters are extracted for the optimized drilling guide mechanism configuration, and the parameterized research on the guiding performance of the guiding mechanism is carried out. The mechanical boundary conditions of drilling guide mechanism and the equivalent mode of external load are analyzed. The mathematical models of guidance accuracy, deflection of drilling tools and Hertz contact stress are established and the corresponding constraint conditions are given. The relationship between the above indexes for evaluating the steering performance of drilling guide mechanism and its own structural parameters is obtained, and the range of each parameter is preliminarily determined, which lays a theoretical foundation for the structural design of drilling guide mechanism. The function composition of drilling guide mechanism and the mechanical environment of guide mechanism in the whole period of drilling sampling task are defined. The key components of drilling guide mechanism are designed, and the corresponding statics analysis and environment adaptability analysis are carried out. The finite element analysis method is used to simulate the sampling limit condition of lunar soil drilling, and the stiffness and strength of drilling guide mechanism are analyzed and the quality is predicted, and the strength and stiffness of drilling guide mechanism are further checked. The mechanical conditions of drilling guide mechanism are given, and the simulation parameters are set up, and the 3D simulation model of drilling guide mechanism is established. In the software of multi-body dynamics, the limit working condition of lunar plane is simulated, and the disturbing force in different directions is applied to the drilling tool, and the contact force and the displacement of the center of mass of the drilling rig change with time, and the contact force at the support of the guiding mechanism is obtained. The correctness of the attitude of the steering mechanism in the static model is verified and the anti-bias ability of each plane is analyzed. The guiding accuracy of drilling guide mechanism is calculated, and the guiding performance of drilling guide mechanism in drilling sampling task is evaluated, which provides a theoretical reference for the design and analysis of related structures such as coring drilling tool and limiting mechanism.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V476.3

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前3條

1 計都;;蘇聯無人采樣返回任務取得巨大成就[J];國際太空;2011年01期

2 吳偉仁;于登云;;深空探測發(fā)展與未來關鍵技術[J];深空探測學報;2014年01期

3 郭金玉;張忠彬;孫慶云;;層次分析法的研究與應用[J];中國安全科學學報;2008年05期

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 汪嬌嬌;軸向柱塞泵剛柔混合動力學仿真研究[D];華南理工大學;2011年

，

本文編號：2202222