【摘要】：隨著時間、技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,機載制冷系統(tǒng)的作用越來越顯著,且機載制冷系統(tǒng)的不斷更新?lián)Q代使得其復雜程度也大大提高。機載制冷系統(tǒng)在運行過程中不可避免的會出現(xiàn)故障,為了提高機載制冷系統(tǒng)的可靠性和安全性,很有必要對機載制冷系統(tǒng)的故障進行分析、診斷。本文針對機載制冷系統(tǒng),采用了故障影響模式及危害性分析(Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis,簡稱FMECA)和故障樹(Fault Tree Analysis,簡稱FTA)分析方法,并結(jié)合Matlab/Simulink仿真平臺,對機載制冷系統(tǒng)進行了故障分析,主要工作內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:(1)對機載制冷系統(tǒng)原理進行分析,確定系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵部件及其之間的故障邏輯關(guān)系。按照國家軍用標準,收集了相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù);針對換熱器、水分離器、活門、傳感器、渦輪等制冷系統(tǒng)主要部件進行FMECA分析,制成FMECA表格。(2)在FMECA的基礎(chǔ)上,運用FTA方法,建立了各部件和以座艙溫度異常、座艙壓力異常為頂事件的故障樹模型,并對其進行故障樹分析,得到了故障排序。分析結(jié)果表明,渦輪部件故障是導致座艙溫度高于舒適區(qū)溫度的主要原因,座艙溫度低于舒適區(qū)溫度歸因于調(diào)節(jié)活門故障,而壓力傳感器故障導致了座艙壓力異常。(3)搭建了機載制冷系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,并進行了故障仿真。根據(jù)座艙通風溫度結(jié)合嚴酷度等級,利用部件效率對系統(tǒng)故障進行定義,為故障仿真提供了故障判據(jù)。對不同工況下的機載制冷系統(tǒng)進行仿真計算,得到單一故障時系統(tǒng)各部件出口參數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù),進而建立了機載制冷系統(tǒng)的故障數(shù)據(jù)庫。通過對各部件出口參數(shù)的監(jiān)測與對比,可以快速找到故障原因和故障模式的排序,這說明以座艙通風溫度作為故障判據(jù),利用部件效率來量化不同嚴酷度下的故障具有可行性。
[Abstract]:With the development of technology and time, the function of airborne refrigeration system is becoming more and more important, and the complexity of airborne refrigeration system is greatly improved. In order to improve the reliability and safety of airborne refrigeration system, it is necessary to analyze and diagnose the fault of airborne refrigeration system. In this paper, the fault analysis method of airborne refrigeration system based on failure Mode effects and criticality Analysis (FMECA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is adopted, and the fault analysis of airborne refrigeration system is carried out based on Matlab / Simulink simulation platform. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the principle of airborne refrigeration system is analyzed to determine the key components of the system and its fault logic relationship. According to the national military standard, the relevant data are collected, and FMECA tables are made for the main parts of refrigeration system, such as heat exchanger, water separator, valve, sensor, turbine and so on. (2) based on FMECA, FTA method is used. The fault tree model of each component and the cabin temperature anomaly and cabin pressure anomaly as the top event is established, and the fault tree analysis is carried out, and the fault ranking is obtained. The analysis results show that turbine component failure is the main cause of cabin temperature higher than comfort zone temperature, and cabin temperature lower than comfort zone temperature is attributed to adjustment valve failure. The fault of pressure sensor leads to abnormal cabin pressure. (3) the simulation model of airborne refrigeration system is built and the fault simulation is carried out. According to cabin ventilation temperature and severity grade, the system fault is defined by component efficiency, which provides fault criterion for fault simulation. The data of the exit parameters of each component of the airborne refrigeration system under different working conditions are obtained by simulation and calculation, and the fault database of the airborne refrigeration system is established. By monitoring and comparing the exit parameters of each component, the fault causes and fault modes can be quickly found, which shows that it is feasible to use the cabin ventilation temperature as the fault criterion and use the component efficiency to quantify the faults with different severity.
【學位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：V267

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