本文選題：整體葉盤 + 葉片磨拋　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：整體葉盤是現(xiàn)代航空發(fā)動機(jī)的一種新型結(jié)構(gòu)部件,目前已經(jīng)在航空發(fā)動機(jī)風(fēng)扇、壓氣機(jī)和渦輪上得到廣泛應(yīng)用,能有效地提高發(fā)動機(jī)的推重比。整體葉盤的結(jié)構(gòu)同傳統(tǒng)葉片和輪盤裝配機(jī)構(gòu)不同,它減少了榫頭、榫槽及鎖緊等裝置,避免了榫根與榫槽間的氣流損失。同時(shí),整體葉盤的材料一般為鈦合金和鎳基合金等先進(jìn)復(fù)合材料,其結(jié)構(gòu)具有葉片薄、易變形、葉片間隙窄而深等特點(diǎn)。這樣的材料和結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)大大減輕了轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)重量,提高了氣動效率,改善工作時(shí)的氣動效率和散熱性能,從而使發(fā)動機(jī)的工作壽命和安全性更得到了很大提升。 國外,數(shù)控銑削、電解加工、電火花加工、精密焊接、研磨拋光加工等方面有一定技術(shù)優(yōu)勢,使得整體葉盤制造技術(shù)已經(jīng)趨于成熟。目前,國內(nèi)葉片表面精加工主要還是依靠手動拋光工藝來實(shí)現(xiàn),自動化程度很低,故整體葉盤的制造精度和質(zhì)量難以保證,大大降低了整體葉盤的工作性能和使用壽命。此外,由于整體葉盤結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性,葉片型面的檢測容易與其他葉片發(fā)生干涉,難以獲得準(zhǔn)確的葉片型面誤差。 本文針對上述問題,研發(fā)了一種集磨拋加工和在位測量于一體的整體葉盤磨拋機(jī)床。機(jī)床采用雙立柱、XY,工作臺的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,七軸五聯(lián)動,能夠高效率、高精度地完成整體葉盤葉片的磨拋和測量工作。綜合考慮整機(jī)的剛性、承載能力、加工范圍等,確定了整體葉盤磨拋檢測機(jī)床的技術(shù)指標(biāo)和精度要求。 對整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了詳盡的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),包括機(jī)床主體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、各直線軸和旋轉(zhuǎn)軸轉(zhuǎn)動軸的驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、砂帶磨削工具系統(tǒng)和在線檢測系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)等；并針對設(shè)計(jì)的整機(jī)裝配結(jié)構(gòu)利用CATIA進(jìn)行三維建模,導(dǎo)入至ANSYS Workbench14.5中進(jìn)行受力分析、劃分網(wǎng)格、結(jié)合面選取等前處理工作,通過有限元靜力學(xué)分析獲得整機(jī)裝配體沿X、Y、Z軸三個(gè)方向的靜剛度,通過模態(tài)分析和諧響應(yīng)分析獲得裝配體的動態(tài)特性,找出更容易被動態(tài)激振力激發(fā)的模態(tài)階數(shù),避免整機(jī)運(yùn)行時(shí)發(fā)生共振,以確保裝配結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性和安全性；制定合理的整機(jī)裝配工藝,將整機(jī)裝配工作分為：裝配前期準(zhǔn)備工作；床身-Y滑鞍-X軸工作臺總成；Z軸立柱總成裝配和布線以及油漆修補(bǔ)四個(gè)部分,從而完成整體葉盤磨拋檢測機(jī)床的機(jī)械部分裝配工作。
[Abstract]:Integral impeller is a new type of structural component of modern aero-engine, which has been widely used in aero-engine fans, compressors and turbines, which can effectively improve the thrust / weight ratio of the engine. The structure of the integral disk is different from that of the traditional blade and wheel assembly mechanism. It reduces the tenon, tenon and locking devices, and avoids the loss of air flow between the tenon root and the mortise groove. At the same time, the material of integral disk is titanium alloy and nickel base alloy, its structure is thin, easy to deform, the blade gap is narrow and deep. This material and structure features greatly reduce the weight of rotor structure, improve the aerodynamic efficiency, improve the aerodynamic efficiency and heat dissipation performance, thus greatly improve the working life and safety of the engine. Abroad, numerical control milling, electrolytic machining, EDM, precision welding, grinding and polishing have some technical advantages, which makes the manufacturing technology of the whole blade disk more mature. At present, the domestic blade surface finishing is mainly realized by manual polishing process, and the degree of automation is very low, so it is difficult to guarantee the manufacturing accuracy and quality of the whole blade disk, which greatly reduces the working performance and service life of the whole blade disk. In addition, because of the particularity of the whole leaf disk structure, the detection of blade shape surface is easy to interfere with other blades, and it is difficult to obtain the accurate blade shape surface error. In order to solve the above problems, a monolithic vane grinding and polishing machine which integrates grinding and in-situ measurement is developed in this paper. The machine adopts double column XY, the structure of worktable, seven axes and five linkage, which can finish the grinding and measuring work of integral blade with high efficiency and high precision. Considering the rigidity, bearing capacity and machining range of the whole machine, the technical index and precision requirement of the whole vane grinding and polishing testing machine are determined. The structure of the whole machine is designed in detail, including the design of the main structure of the machine tool, the drive system of each linear axis and the rotating axis, the belt grinding tool system and the on-line testing system, etc. In view of the whole machine assembly structure designed, 3D modeling is carried out by using CATIA, which is imported into ANSYS Workbench14.5 for force analysis, meshing, and combining with the pre-processing work such as surface selection, etc. Through finite element static analysis, the static stiffness of the assembly is obtained along the three directions of the XNY Z axis, and the dynamic characteristics of the assembly are obtained by modal analysis, and the modal order which is more easily excited by the dynamic excitation force is found out. Avoid the resonance when the whole machine is running to ensure the rationality and safety of the assembly structure design, formulate the reasonable assembly process, and divide the whole machine assembly work into: the preparatory work in the early stage of assembly; The assembly and wiring of Z-axis column assembly and paint repair are carried out in bed -Y sliding saddle -X axis worktable assembly, so as to complete the assembly of the mechanical part of the monolithic vane grinding and polishing testing machine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V263;V261

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