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  本文選題：廣播式自動相關(guān)監(jiān)視 + 備用導(dǎo)航源�。� 參考：《中國民航大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：美國聯(lián)邦航空局(FAA)認為ADS-B作為一種全新的監(jiān)視技術(shù),是實施自由飛行的基石,其主要功能(ADS-B、交通情報服務(wù)廣播(TIS-B)、飛行情報服務(wù)廣播(FIS-B))可以在監(jiān)視、防撞、輔助進近上發(fā)揮重要作用。同時國產(chǎn)C919大飛機上也已確定安裝ADS-B相關(guān)產(chǎn)品。但現(xiàn)階段ADS-B水平導(dǎo)航源僅采用全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(GNSS),當衛(wèi)星發(fā)生故障時,會出現(xiàn)監(jiān)視失效的問題,且ADS-B報文開放共享式的特點導(dǎo)致其易受虛假欺騙。因此,研究ADS-B備用導(dǎo)航源和防欺騙技術(shù)有著極為重要的意義。本文首先對ADS-B的基本原理做了介紹,在報文內(nèi)容和接收報告部分做了較為詳盡的闡述。隨后對基于ADS-B的備用導(dǎo)航源與防欺騙技術(shù)進行了深入研究,所做的工作主要有以下幾個方面:1)從間隔誤差概率分析的角度考慮,給出適合基于所需性能導(dǎo)航(RNP)的導(dǎo)航源的ADS-B導(dǎo)航源精度和完好性標準。同時針對測距機(DME)這類RNP導(dǎo)航源時在精度和完好性方面無法滿足當前標準的問題,提出一些對于導(dǎo)航完好性類別(NIC)和導(dǎo)航精度類別(NACp)編碼的改變建議。實現(xiàn)DME/DME導(dǎo)航源實用最大化,使基于DME/DME的RNP備用導(dǎo)航源符合5nm間隔實施標準。2)ADS-B防欺騙系統(tǒng)的接收前端,將盲信號分離算法應(yīng)用到ADS-B 1090 ES信號分離上。采用FastICA算法進行混疊信號分離,最后通過信號的相關(guān)系數(shù)判斷信號分離效果。3)ADS-B防欺騙系統(tǒng)最重要的部分是在利用下行ADS-B信號進行定位以剔除虛假信號。采用新型到達時間差(TDOA)與到達時間和(TSOA)定位模型,探索常規(guī)定位算法下該新型混合定位模型和常規(guī)TDOA定位模型的定位性能。同時對傳統(tǒng)Taylor級數(shù)算法做了改進優(yōu)化,給出了利用Friedlander算法結(jié)果作為Taylor級數(shù)算法的初始迭代值的改進算法,解決其因初始值選擇而導(dǎo)致的算法可能不收斂或者誤差增大的情況。最后分析傳統(tǒng)Taylor級數(shù)算法與改進Taylor級數(shù)算法在不同定位模型下的定位性能,且討論了基站數(shù)量對定位性能的影響。通過定位算法的結(jié)果與ADS-B信號解碼出來的位置信息比對,實現(xiàn)了ADS-B系統(tǒng)防欺騙。
[Abstract]:FAA holds that ADS-B, as a new surveillance technology, is the cornerstone of free flight, and its main function is ADS-B, TIS-BN, FIS-BN), which can be used to monitor and prevent collisions. Auxiliary approach plays an important role. At the same time, the domestic C 919 aircraft has also confirmed the installation of ADS-B related products. However, at present, the ADS-B horizontal navigation source only uses the GNSS satellite system. When the satellite fails, there will be the problem of monitoring failure, and the characteristics of open and shared ADS-B packets make it vulnerable to false deception. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the ADS-B standby navigation source and anti-spoofing technology. In this paper, the basic principle of ADS-B is introduced, and the message content and receiving report are described in detail. Then, the backup navigation source and anti-deception technology based on ADS-B are deeply studied. The main work is as follows: 1) considering from the angle of probability analysis of interval error, The standard of accuracy and completeness of ADS-B navigation source suitable for navigation source based on required performance is given. At the same time, aiming at the problem that the accuracy and completeness of the RNP navigation source can not meet the current standard, some suggestions for the improvement of the navigation integrity class and the navigation accuracy class are put forward. The DME/DME navigation source is maximized, and the RNP standby navigation source based on DME/DME meets the 5nm interval implementation standard. 2. The blind signal separation algorithm is applied to the ADS-B 1090 es signal separation. The FastICA algorithm is used to separate the aliasing signals. Finally, the most important part of the anti-deception system of ADS-B is to use the downlink ADS-B signal to locate and eliminate the false signals by judging the signal separation effect by correlation coefficient of the signal. A new time-of-arrival (TDOA) and time of arrival (TSOA) localization model is used to explore the localization performance of the new hybrid localization model and the conventional TDOA location model under the conventional localization algorithm. At the same time, the traditional Taylor series algorithm is improved and optimized, and an improved algorithm using the results of the Friedlander algorithm as the initial iteration value of the Taylor series algorithm is given to solve the problem that the algorithm may not converge or the error increases due to the selection of the initial value. Finally, the localization performance of the traditional Taylor series algorithm and the improved Taylor series algorithm under different location models is analyzed, and the influence of the number of base stations on the location performance is discussed. By comparing the result of the localization algorithm with the position information decoded by ADS-B signal, the anti-deception of ADS-B system is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V351.37

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