本文選題：航空葉輪 + 超聲波檢測��； 參考：《南昌航空大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：一直以來,航空器的動力模塊都是整個航空系統(tǒng)的核心技術所在,各個國家對航空發(fā)動機的設計與研發(fā)從未停止。航空葉輪是航空發(fā)動機的重要零件之一,其質(zhì)量直接影響到航空發(fā)動機組的使用壽命及安全性能。隨著工業(yè)技術的提升與發(fā)展,新型的航空葉輪不斷涌現(xiàn),然而,與其相應的檢測方法尚未成熟,為保證生產(chǎn)質(zhì)量,亟需一種可靠、準確、直觀的檢測方法來對航空葉輪進行質(zhì)量檢測。航空葉輪是一種結(jié)構(gòu)復雜的新型工件,目前并沒有與其對應的成熟的無損檢測方法。因此,本課題在掌握了超聲波檢測原理與相關方法的基礎上,結(jié)合自行研制的超聲特征成像掃描系統(tǒng),提出了關于航空葉輪真空擴散焊界面的自動成像檢測方法。首先,本文重點研究了關于航空葉輪的超聲波檢測方法,分析了超聲波的發(fā)射與接收方式,超聲波的各種分類以及基本參量。其次,研究與分析了幾種發(fā)展較為迅速的超聲波成像技術,對幾種典型超聲波成像方法在航空葉輪的應用上的優(yōu)勢及不足進行了對比,并最終確定基本檢測依據(jù)。然后,針對航空葉輪超聲波檢測進行了手動實驗,確定了檢測過程中的各項參數(shù),包括檢測面、耦合劑、換能器的性能分析,得出了超聲波在葉輪中的傳播規(guī)律,保證了后續(xù)超聲波檢測方法的可行性。最后,設計了航空葉輪超聲波成像檢測系統(tǒng)的整體方案,整個方案包括設計方案、基本工作原理、基本檢測原理、機械裝置、電氣系統(tǒng)以及配套軟件。此外,論文采用鋁合金靈敏度試塊對所研制的檢測系統(tǒng)進行測試,測試結(jié)果達到預期效果,檢測靈敏度符合要求,同時,對某單位生產(chǎn)的新型航空葉輪進行了驗證性檢測,評估了檢測方法的可靠性與可操作性。文章所設計的系統(tǒng)主要價值在于填補了新型航空葉輪超聲波無損檢測的空白,通過成像使得檢測結(jié)果更加直觀,降低了質(zhì)量評定的難度。每個航空葉輪的檢測時間為10分鐘,效率比手動檢測提高十倍。檢測的最小缺陷可達0.5mm。檢測結(jié)果采用圖像顯示的方式,直觀可靠,處理方式多樣。本課題以航空葉輪為研究對象,將超聲波成像檢測技術應用到航空葉輪的質(zhì)量檢測,設計了一套針對航空葉輪超聲波成像檢測系統(tǒng)。為航空葉輪重要部位的質(zhì)量評定提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:All the time, the power module of the aircraft is the core technology of the whole aeronautical system, and the design and development of the aero-engine are never stopped in each country. Aeroengine impeller is one of the important parts of aero-engine. Its quality directly affects the service life and safety performance of aero-engine group. With the improvement and development of industrial technology, new types of aeronautical impellers are emerging. However, the corresponding detection methods are not yet mature. In order to ensure the quality of production, a reliable and accurate method is urgently needed. Visual inspection method to test the quality of aeronautical impeller. Aeronautical impeller is a new type of workpiece with complex structure, and there is no mature nondestructive testing method. Therefore, on the basis of mastering the principle and relevant methods of ultrasonic testing, combining with the ultrasonic characteristic imaging scanning system developed by ourselves, an automatic imaging detection method for the vacuum diffusion welding interface of aeronautical impeller is proposed. Firstly, this paper focuses on the ultrasonic detection method of aeronautical impeller, analyzes the mode of ultrasonic transmitting and receiving, the classification of ultrasonic wave and the basic parameters. Secondly, several ultrasonic imaging techniques developed rapidly are studied and analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of several typical ultrasonic imaging methods in the application of aeronautical impeller are compared, and the basic testing basis is finally determined. Then, the manual experiment is carried out for the ultrasonic detection of the aeronautical impeller, and the parameters in the process are determined, including the performance analysis of the detection surface, coupling agent and transducer, and the propagation rule of the ultrasonic wave in the impeller is obtained. The feasibility of the following ultrasonic detection method is ensured. Finally, the whole scheme of ultrasonic imaging detection system for aeronautical impeller is designed. The whole scheme includes design scheme, basic working principle, basic detection principle, mechanical device, electrical system and supporting software. In addition, the paper uses the aluminum alloy sensitivity test block to test the developed testing system, the test results reach the desired results, the detection sensitivity meets the requirements. At the same time, a new type of aeronautical impeller produced by a unit is tested for verification. The reliability and maneuverability of the detection method are evaluated. The main value of the system designed in this paper is to fill in the blank of ultrasonic nondestructive testing of new type aeronautical impeller, and make the test result more intuitive by imaging, and reduce the difficulty of quality evaluation. The detection time of each aeronautical impeller is 10 minutes, which is ten times more efficient than manual detection. The minimum defect detected can be up to 0.5 mm. The detection results are visualized and reliable by image display, and are processed in a variety of ways. In this paper, the ultrasonic imaging technology is applied to the quality detection of the aeronautical impeller, and a set of ultrasonic imaging detection system for the aeronautical impeller is designed. It provides the basis for the quality assessment of the important parts of the aeronautical impeller.
【學位授予單位】：南昌航空大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V263.6

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本文編號：1839506