發(fā)布時間：2018-03-09 07:34

  本文選題：飛機(jī)座艙　切入點：陰燃　出處：《中國民航大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：飛機(jī)座艙煙霧事件會對空氣品質(zhì)和乘客安全造成嚴(yán)重威脅,據(jù)統(tǒng)計,飛行中煙霧事件的發(fā)生概率大約是5000架次航班發(fā)生1次,嚴(yán)重威脅飛行安全。所以,為了確保飛機(jī)安全,運輸類飛機(jī)的煙霧研究和驗證越來越受到重視。目前國內(nèi)外在進(jìn)行座艙煙霧的符合性驗證試驗前,往往缺少對座艙煙霧擴(kuò)散規(guī)律的認(rèn)識,且煙霧符合性驗證試驗具有一定的破環(huán)性和危險性,花費巨大。隨著計算機(jī)的快速發(fā)展,CFD技術(shù)得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,加之,在進(jìn)行符合性試驗之前使用計算機(jī)仿真模擬軟件進(jìn)行計算可以大大提高試驗的目的性、操作性、可行性。所以本文采用Fluent來分析煙霧的流動規(guī)律及送風(fēng)對座艙煙霧擴(kuò)散影響。有利于推動分析計算作為適航符合性驗證方法之一,減少地面試驗和飛行試驗的頻次從而降低成本提高效率。首先,本文主要采取數(shù)值仿真的方法,用已驗證的CFD模型對座艙煙霧擴(kuò)散進(jìn)行數(shù)值仿真,得出煙霧隨著時間在座艙中擴(kuò)散的規(guī)律及趨勢,當(dāng)火源位于座艙中部時,座艙中段靠近火源的乘客危險性較大,受頂棚射流和橫向進(jìn)風(fēng)影響,過道行李架上方的煙霧聚集較多,過道上方的煙霧濃度和溫度高于座椅區(qū)域的濃度和溫度,前后側(cè)壁面與頂棚交界處煙霧濃度較大。其次,基于上述煙霧運動規(guī)律,通過比較關(guān)鍵位置處煙霧濃度和溫度的大小,對三種不同通風(fēng)量工況下煙霧的擴(kuò)散進(jìn)行研究。在三種不同通風(fēng)量工況下,進(jìn)氣量越大座艙煙霧濃度越低,橫向送風(fēng)有利于阻止煙霧快速由過道區(qū)域蔓延到乘客區(qū),頂棚區(qū)域和乘客呼吸區(qū)煙霧濃度和溫度受通風(fēng)量影響較大,大通風(fēng)量有助于排煙。最后,對艙外煙源在艙內(nèi)擴(kuò)散進(jìn)行了模擬,該通風(fēng)方式下,乘客呼吸區(qū)煙霧濃度較低,降低了煙霧對乘客的威脅。
[Abstract]:Cockpit smog incidents can pose a serious threat to air quality and passenger safety. According to statistics, the probability of smog incidents in flight is about 5,000 flights, which seriously threatens flight safety. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the aircraft, More and more attention has been paid to the research and verification of smog in transport aircraft. At present, before the conformance test of cockpit smoke is carried out at home and abroad, there is often a lack of understanding of the diffusion law of cockpit smoke. With the rapid development of computer, CFD technology has been widely used. The purpose and maneuverability of the experiment can be greatly improved by using the computer simulation software before the conformance test is carried out. Therefore, Fluent is used to analyze the flow law of smoke and the influence of air supply on the smoke diffusion of cockpit, which is helpful to promote the analysis and calculation as one of the methods to verify the airworthiness of airworthiness. The frequency of ground test and flight test is reduced to reduce the cost and improve the efficiency. Firstly, the method of numerical simulation is used to simulate the smoke diffusion of cockpit by using the verified CFD model. When the fire source is located in the middle of the cockpit, the passengers near the fire source in the middle section of the cockpit are more dangerous, which is affected by the roof jet and the transverse wind, and the smoke accumulation above the aisle baggage rack is more. The smoke concentration and temperature above the aisle are higher than those in the seat area, and the smoke concentration at the junction between the front and rear side wall and the ceiling is larger. Secondly, based on the above smoke motion law, the smoke concentration and temperature at the key position are compared. The diffusion of smoke in three different ventilation conditions was studied. Under three different ventilation conditions, the higher the intake, the lower the smoke concentration in the cockpit, and the transverse air supply was helpful to prevent the smoke from spreading rapidly from the corridor area to the passenger area. The smoke concentration and temperature in the ceiling area and the passenger breathing area are greatly affected by the ventilation volume, and the large ventilation rate is helpful to smoke exhaust. Finally, the diffusion of smoke source outside the cabin is simulated. Under this ventilation mode, the smoke concentration in the passenger breathing area is lower. Reduced the threat of smoke to passengers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V223

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本文編號：1587566