本文選題：衛(wèi)星結(jié)構(gòu)　切入點(diǎn)：量產(chǎn)化　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：二十一世紀(jì)以來(lái),微小衛(wèi)星產(chǎn)業(yè)開(kāi)始崛起,由數(shù)十顆甚至上千顆微小衛(wèi)星組成的衛(wèi)星星座得到了廣泛的構(gòu)建,微小衛(wèi)星步入飛速發(fā)展階段。這對(duì)衛(wèi)星的生產(chǎn)方式提出了新的要求,傳統(tǒng)的單顆衛(wèi)星研制方式已無(wú)法適應(yīng)衛(wèi)星發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,微小衛(wèi)星面臨著批量生產(chǎn)的挑戰(zhàn)。衛(wèi)星結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)作為整個(gè)衛(wèi)星的骨架,其設(shè)計(jì)工作是衛(wèi)星研制過(guò)程中的重要環(huán)節(jié),衛(wèi)星結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理程度,對(duì)衛(wèi)星任務(wù)的完成具有重要影響。衛(wèi)星結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新與升級(jí),可以促進(jìn)整個(gè)衛(wèi)星產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展進(jìn)程,因此衛(wèi)星結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)在衛(wèi)星產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展藍(lán)圖中占據(jù)著重要的地位。本文通過(guò)調(diào)研微小衛(wèi)星的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)衛(wèi)星結(jié)構(gòu)提煉出三點(diǎn)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)量產(chǎn)化的設(shè)計(jì)要求:多運(yùn)載適應(yīng)性、柔性化設(shè)計(jì)、模塊化設(shè)計(jì)�；陂L(zhǎng)光衛(wèi)星技術(shù)有限公司提出的衛(wèi)星組網(wǎng)項(xiàng)目,對(duì)該星座的重要成員——靈巧視頻衛(wèi)星進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),提出一種由金屬梁和夾層板組合而成的框架板式結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)該結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元分析和尺寸優(yōu)化,并進(jìn)行力學(xué)環(huán)境試驗(yàn)。首先,對(duì)框架板式衛(wèi)星結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),包括衛(wèi)星構(gòu)型設(shè)計(jì)、框架結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、板結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、載荷布局設(shè)計(jì)、材料選擇等方面的設(shè)計(jì)工作。該構(gòu)型能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)垂直安裝發(fā)射和懸掛安裝發(fā)射兩種狀態(tài),易于實(shí)現(xiàn)多運(yùn)載適應(yīng)性要求,梁結(jié)構(gòu)和板結(jié)構(gòu)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)柔性化設(shè)計(jì),載荷在不同板結(jié)構(gòu)上進(jìn)行布局安裝,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)模塊化設(shè)計(jì),所設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式能夠滿(mǎn)足上述三點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)要求,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)量產(chǎn)化。然后,對(duì)該結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元分析和動(dòng)力優(yōu)化,有限元分析包括靜力分析和動(dòng)力分析,動(dòng)力優(yōu)化主要進(jìn)行尺寸優(yōu)化。通過(guò)有限元分析發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)中不合理的地方,對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)方案進(jìn)行修改完善,解決了相機(jī)安裝板隨機(jī)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)過(guò)大的問(wèn)題。結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的數(shù)學(xué)模型以需要確定的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸參數(shù)作為設(shè)計(jì)變量,以衛(wèi)星整體質(zhì)量最小作為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),以結(jié)構(gòu)最低自振頻率和設(shè)計(jì)變量的上下限作為約束條件,利用Opti Struct軟件進(jìn)行求解,最終確定各個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。最后,對(duì)優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行加工裝配,通過(guò)振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)評(píng)估結(jié)構(gòu)的力學(xué)性能,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明結(jié)構(gòu)的力學(xué)性能良好,可以滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求。此外,對(duì)有限元分析數(shù)據(jù)和試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,二者的誤差在可接受范圍內(nèi),進(jìn)而驗(yàn)證了有限元分析的準(zhǔn)確性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, the micro-satellite industry has begun to rise, and the constellation composed of dozens or even thousands of tiny satellites has been extensively constructed. Microsatellites have entered a rapid development stage. This puts forward new requirements for the mode of production of satellites. The traditional way of developing a single satellite can no longer adapt to the status quo of satellite development. As the skeleton of the whole satellite, the design of the satellite structure system is an important part of the satellite development process, and the reasonable degree of the satellite structure design. Having an important impact on the completion of satellite missions. The innovation and upgrading of satellite structures can contribute to the development of the entire satellite industry, Therefore, satellite structure design technology plays an important role in the development blueprint of satellite industry. Flexible design, modular design. Based on the satellite networking project proposed by Changguang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., the smart video satellite, which is an important member of the constellation, is designed. A frame plate structure composed of metal beam and sandwich plate is proposed. The finite element analysis and dimension optimization of the structure are carried out, and the mechanical environment test is carried out. Firstly, the frame plate satellite structure is designed, including the satellite configuration design. Frame structure design, plate structure design, load layout design, material selection and so on. The beam structure and the plate structure can realize the flexible design, the load is arranged and installed on the different plate structure, the modular design can be realized, the structural form designed can meet the above three design requirements, and can realize the mass production. The finite element analysis includes static analysis and dynamic analysis. Dynamic optimization is mainly used to optimize the size of the structure. Through the finite element analysis, it is found that the structure is unreasonable. The structural scheme is modified and perfected to solve the problem of excessive random vibration response of camera mounting plate. The mathematical model of structural optimization takes the structural dimension parameters that need to be determined as design variables and the minimum satellite mass as the optimization objective. Taking the minimum natural vibration frequency of the structure and the upper and lower limit of the design variable as the constraint conditions, the Opti Struct software is used to solve the problem, and each structural parameter is finally determined. Finally, the optimized structure is processed and assembled. The mechanical properties of the structure are evaluated by vibration test. The experimental results show that the mechanical properties of the structure are good and can meet the design requirements. In addition, the error between the finite element analysis data and the test data is within the acceptable range. The accuracy and validity of finite element analysis are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：V423.4

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