【摘要】：臺(tái)風(fēng)期間，圍繞臺(tái)風(fēng)中心逆時(shí)針方向的強(qiáng)風(fēng)在海面引起海浪和風(fēng)生流，海浪和風(fēng)生流之間的浪流相互作用對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)浪的成長(zhǎng)和傳播有一定影響，也刻畫著臺(tái)風(fēng)期間海浪的分布情況。我國(guó)靠近西北太平洋，受臺(tái)風(fēng)影響較為集中，每年都因臺(tái)風(fēng)和臺(tái)風(fēng)引發(fā)的海洋災(zāi)害造成巨大損失。研究臺(tái)風(fēng)期間浪流相互作用對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)引發(fā)的海洋災(zāi)害有一定意義。 將ADCIRC水動(dòng)力模式和SWAN海浪模式進(jìn)行耦合，開發(fā)了適合臺(tái)灣附近海域的海浪——流場(chǎng)耦合模式。使用耦合模式對(duì)2011年第11號(hào)強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)“南瑪都”期間的海浪和風(fēng)生流進(jìn)行模擬，結(jié)合實(shí)測(cè)海浪和流的數(shù)據(jù)，驗(yàn)證了模式的合理性。同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，模型風(fēng)場(chǎng)不能體現(xiàn)臺(tái)灣島地形對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)的作用，使得臺(tái)灣海峽內(nèi)部的海浪模擬偏高。 根據(jù)影響臺(tái)灣島臺(tái)風(fēng)路徑統(tǒng)計(jì)資料，選取了三個(gè)代表主要臺(tái)風(fēng)路徑的典型臺(tái)風(fēng)：“南瑪都”、“鳳凰”和“韋帕”，進(jìn)行模擬。通過比較耦合模式和非耦合模式的海浪波高模擬結(jié)果，得到浪流相互作用對(duì)海浪波高影響的空間分布。結(jié)果表明：在開闊水域，臺(tái)風(fēng)中心的右前方區(qū)域，浪流相互作用使海浪波高減�。欢谂_(tái)風(fēng)中心以及臺(tái)風(fēng)中心的左后方區(qū)域，浪流相互作用使海浪波高增大�？拷_(tái)灣島時(shí)，浪流相互作用對(duì)海浪影響的顯著影響區(qū)域向整個(gè)臺(tái)灣島東岸延伸。在臺(tái)灣海峽內(nèi)部，顯著影響區(qū)域的分布被狹長(zhǎng)地形所改變。 分析了以上分布特征的形成機(jī)制：風(fēng)生流對(duì)同向海浪成長(zhǎng)的阻礙作用，和風(fēng)生流涌浪傳播速度的增加作用共同導(dǎo)致了臺(tái)風(fēng)中心附近“右前-左后”的分布；臺(tái)灣島阻礙了海浪的傳播路徑，放大了“右前-左后”分布的形成機(jī)制，從而引起顯著影響區(qū)域的向臺(tái)灣島東岸的延伸。 本研究加深了對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)期間海浪分布特征和浪流相互作用影響的認(rèn)識(shí)，證明了使用浪流耦合模式對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)期間海浪進(jìn)行模擬的必要性，對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)期間海浪預(yù)報(bào)和精確模擬有一定參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:During the typhoon, the strong wind around the center of the typhoon causes waves and wind-induced currents on the sea surface. The wave-current interaction between the waves and the wind-generated currents has a certain impact on the growth and propagation of Taiwan wind waves, and also describes the distribution of waves during the typhoon. China is close to the northwest Pacific Ocean and is mainly affected by typhoons. Every year, it causes great losses due to typhoons and marine disasters caused by typhoons. It is of great significance to study the correspondence of wave and current interaction during typhoons for marine disasters caused by typhoons. The ADCIRC hydrodynamic model is coupled with the SWAN wave model, and a wave-flow field coupling model suitable for the waters near Taiwan is developed. The coupling model is used to simulate the waves and wind-induced current during the 11th strong typhoon "Nanmadu" in 2011. Combined with the measured wave and current data, the rationality of the model is verified. At the same time, it is found that the model wind field can not reflect the effect of Taiwan island topography on typhoon, which makes the wave simulation in Taiwan Strait on the high side. Based on the statistical data of typhoon paths affecting Taiwan Island, three typical typhoons, "Nanmadu", "Phoenix" and "Weipa", which represent the main typhoon paths, are selected for simulation. By comparing the simulation results of wave height between coupling mode and uncoupled mode, the spatial distribution of the influence of wave current interaction on wave height is obtained. The results show that in the open water area, in the right front of the typhoon center, the wave height decreases, while in the typhoon center and the left rear area of the typhoon center, the wave height increases. Near Taiwan Island, the significant influence area of wave current interaction on waves extends to the east coast of Taiwan Island. In the Taiwan Strait, the distribution of the significantly affected area is changed by the narrow topography. The formation mechanism of the above distribution characteristics is analyzed: the hindering effect of wind-generated current on the growth of waves in the same direction, and the increase of the propagation velocity of wind-generated current jointly leads to the distribution of "right front-left back" near the center of typhoon. Taiwan Island hinders the propagation path of waves and magnifies the formation mechanism of "right front-left back" distribution, thus causing the extension of the affected area to the east coast of Taiwan Island. This study deepens the understanding of the distribution characteristics of waves and the influence of wave-current interaction during typhoons, and proves the necessity of using wave-current coupling model to simulate the waves during typhoons, which has certain reference value for wave prediction and accurate simulation during typhoons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院（海洋研究所）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P731.2

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：2505717