潮汐能直接驅(qū)動海水淡化的裝置系統(tǒng)及其試驗研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-20 01:31
【摘要】：反滲透海水淡化技術(shù)相比其他海水淡化技術(shù)具有腐蝕和結(jié)垢輕微、設(shè)備投資少等優(yōu)點,近幾十年發(fā)展迅速。但是這種方法需要提供大量的電能來制取高壓海水,這不僅增加了海水淡化的成本和提高了碳排放,還加劇了能源危機。前期課題組以解決高能耗、高成本和高碳排放為目的,提出了潮汐能海水淡化的方案,但未能從實際出發(fā)證明此方案是可行的。本文的目的是研究潮汐能反滲透海水淡化方案的可行性;研制一套潮汐能聚能增壓裝置;通過試驗研究其增壓效果及其它運行性能;本文還針對潮汐能海水淡化和制鹽一整套流程,提出一套可實現(xiàn)雙效節(jié)能的脈動能交換裝置的設(shè)計方案。本文通過搭建潮汐能海水淡化試驗平臺,研制柱塞式潮汐能聚能增壓裝置,并且給潮汐能聚能增壓裝置匹配反滲透膜組件,來測試潮汐能海水淡化系統(tǒng)運行的數(shù)據(jù),以此證明潮汐能海水淡化方案的可行性以及發(fā)現(xiàn)其中存在的問題。測試和研究結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)水位高度一定時,隨著管道內(nèi)水流量的增加,增壓裝置的轉(zhuǎn)速逐漸增大,海水的壓力也逐漸增大;當(dāng)管道內(nèi)水的流量一定時,隨著水位高度的增加,增壓裝置的轉(zhuǎn)速逐漸增大,海水的壓力也逐漸增大;隨著海水壓力的增加,海水壓力增長的越來越慢,因為海水壓力越大時,對海水的加壓越困難;反滲透膜組件進水口處海水壓力已經(jīng)達到6Mpa,滿足了反滲透海水淡化對海水壓力的要求;試驗過程總產(chǎn)出了淡水,產(chǎn)出淡水的速度也會受到潮汐水位和進入潮汐能聚能增壓裝置內(nèi)海水流量的影響;柱塞式聚能增壓裝置出口處的高壓海水的壓力是脈動的,壓力的脈動會影響潮汐能海水淡化系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運行,也會降低生產(chǎn)淡水的質(zhì)量,因此需要把海水的壓力穩(wěn)定下來。本文在實際測試了大量的數(shù)據(jù)、查閱了相關(guān)文獻基礎(chǔ)上得到了如下的結(jié)論:柱塞式潮汐能聚能增壓方案是可行的,海水壓力滿足了反滲透海水淡化的要求;潮汐能反滲透海水淡化方案是可行的;課題組提出的海水淡化和制鹽一體化的方法,能夠更有效的解決聚能增壓裝置出口處高壓海水的壓力脈動問題,因此該方法是在無需額外耗能的情況下,將高壓海水的壓力脈動直接轉(zhuǎn)移到了制鹽過程所需要的熱氣流中,即節(jié)省了穩(wěn)壓裝置和產(chǎn)生脈動熱氣流的裝置,又大幅度提高了潮汐能的利用效率,達到了雙向節(jié)能的效果;課題組在解決高壓海水壓力脈動時,設(shè)計了變頻式脈動能交換器,該交換器屬于國內(nèi)外首創(chuàng)。
[Abstract]:Compared with other seawater desalination technologies, reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology has the advantages of mild corrosion and scaling, less equipment investment and so on, and has developed rapidly in recent decades. However, this method needs to provide a lot of electricity to produce high pressure seawater, which not only increases the cost of seawater desalination and increases carbon emissions, but also aggravates the energy crisis. In order to solve the problem of high energy consumption, high cost and high carbon emission, the previous research group put forward a scheme of tidal energy desalination, but it failed to prove that this scheme is feasible from the actual point of view. The purpose of this paper is to study the feasibility of tidal energy reverse osmosis seawater desalination scheme, to develop a set of tidal energy accumulation supercharging device, to study its supercharging effect and other operating performance through experiments, and to propose a design scheme of pulsating energy exchange device which can realize double energy saving for tidal energy desalination and salt making. In this paper, a plunger type tidal energy accumulation supercharging device is developed by building a tidal energy desalination test platform, and the tidal energy accumulation supercharging device is matched with reverse osmosis membrane module to test the operation data of the tidal energy seawater desalination system, so as to prove the feasibility of the tidal energy seawater desalination scheme and find out the existing problems. The test and research results show that when the water level height is constant, with the increase of water flow rate in the pipeline, the rotating speed of the supercharging device increases gradually, and the pressure of seawater increases gradually when the water flow rate in the pipeline is constant, with the increase of the water level height, the rotating speed of the supercharging device increases gradually, and the pressure of seawater increases gradually. With the increase of seawater pressure, the increase of seawater pressure is more and more slow, because when the sea water pressure is higher, the pressure of seawater is more difficult; the seawater pressure at the inlet of reverse osmosis membrane module has reached 6Mpa. the seawater pressure of reverse osmosis seawater desalination meets the requirements of seawater pressure of reverse osmosis seawater desalination; the total output of fresh water is produced during the test process, and the speed of fresh water production will also be affected by the tidal water level and the flow rate of seawater entering the tidal energy accumulation supercharging device. The pressure of high pressure seawater at the outlet of plunger supercharging device is pulsating, and the fluctuation of pressure will affect the stable operation of tidal energy desalination system and reduce the quality of fresh water production, so it is necessary to stabilize the pressure of seawater. In this paper, a large number of data have been tested in practice, and the following conclusions have been obtained on the basis of consulting the relevant literature: the plunger tidal energy accumulation scheme is feasible, the seawater pressure meets the requirements of reverse osmosis seawater desalination, and the tidal energy reverse osmosis seawater desalination scheme is feasible. The integrated method of seawater desalination and salt production proposed by the research group can more effectively solve the problem of pressure fluctuation of high pressure seawater at the outlet of the energy accumulation supercharging device. Therefore, this method transfers the pressure fluctuation of high pressure seawater directly to the hot air flow needed in the salt making process without additional energy consumption, that is, it saves the pressure stabilizing device and the device that produces fluctuating hot air flow, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of tidal energy. The effect of two-way energy saving is achieved. When solving the fluctuating pressure of high pressure seawater, the research group has designed a variable frequency pulsating energy exchanger, which is the first at home and abroad.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P747;P743.3
本文編號：2502805
[Abstract]:Compared with other seawater desalination technologies, reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology has the advantages of mild corrosion and scaling, less equipment investment and so on, and has developed rapidly in recent decades. However, this method needs to provide a lot of electricity to produce high pressure seawater, which not only increases the cost of seawater desalination and increases carbon emissions, but also aggravates the energy crisis. In order to solve the problem of high energy consumption, high cost and high carbon emission, the previous research group put forward a scheme of tidal energy desalination, but it failed to prove that this scheme is feasible from the actual point of view. The purpose of this paper is to study the feasibility of tidal energy reverse osmosis seawater desalination scheme, to develop a set of tidal energy accumulation supercharging device, to study its supercharging effect and other operating performance through experiments, and to propose a design scheme of pulsating energy exchange device which can realize double energy saving for tidal energy desalination and salt making. In this paper, a plunger type tidal energy accumulation supercharging device is developed by building a tidal energy desalination test platform, and the tidal energy accumulation supercharging device is matched with reverse osmosis membrane module to test the operation data of the tidal energy seawater desalination system, so as to prove the feasibility of the tidal energy seawater desalination scheme and find out the existing problems. The test and research results show that when the water level height is constant, with the increase of water flow rate in the pipeline, the rotating speed of the supercharging device increases gradually, and the pressure of seawater increases gradually when the water flow rate in the pipeline is constant, with the increase of the water level height, the rotating speed of the supercharging device increases gradually, and the pressure of seawater increases gradually. With the increase of seawater pressure, the increase of seawater pressure is more and more slow, because when the sea water pressure is higher, the pressure of seawater is more difficult; the seawater pressure at the inlet of reverse osmosis membrane module has reached 6Mpa. the seawater pressure of reverse osmosis seawater desalination meets the requirements of seawater pressure of reverse osmosis seawater desalination; the total output of fresh water is produced during the test process, and the speed of fresh water production will also be affected by the tidal water level and the flow rate of seawater entering the tidal energy accumulation supercharging device. The pressure of high pressure seawater at the outlet of plunger supercharging device is pulsating, and the fluctuation of pressure will affect the stable operation of tidal energy desalination system and reduce the quality of fresh water production, so it is necessary to stabilize the pressure of seawater. In this paper, a large number of data have been tested in practice, and the following conclusions have been obtained on the basis of consulting the relevant literature: the plunger tidal energy accumulation scheme is feasible, the seawater pressure meets the requirements of reverse osmosis seawater desalination, and the tidal energy reverse osmosis seawater desalination scheme is feasible. The integrated method of seawater desalination and salt production proposed by the research group can more effectively solve the problem of pressure fluctuation of high pressure seawater at the outlet of the energy accumulation supercharging device. Therefore, this method transfers the pressure fluctuation of high pressure seawater directly to the hot air flow needed in the salt making process without additional energy consumption, that is, it saves the pressure stabilizing device and the device that produces fluctuating hot air flow, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of tidal energy. The effect of two-way energy saving is achieved. When solving the fluctuating pressure of high pressure seawater, the research group has designed a variable frequency pulsating energy exchanger, which is the first at home and abroad.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P747;P743.3
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