【摘要】：深海環(huán)境下的大壓力問題是進行深海資源探索開發(fā)的儀器設備所面臨的首要解決的共性問題。壓力平衡的方法已成為解決這一問題的首選方案。波紋管作為彈性平衡元件在各種壓力位移補償場合得到了廣泛的應用，而波紋管結構的選取決定了平衡性能的優(yōu)劣。 首先，利用有限元法對波紋管進行了非線性分析（材料非線性、波紋管的大撓度），并由此計算得到波紋管的允許位移；進一步分析了波紋管的幾何參數對波紋管性能的關系。這里主要分析了外徑、波數、壁厚、波高對波紋管軸向剛度的影響，總結了波紋管式壓力平衡結構的設計原則。并運用正交試驗的方法對波紋管的各幾何參數對其性能影響關系進行優(yōu)化，并由此得到了最優(yōu)的參數組合。 其次，對深海壓力平衡用波紋管的疲勞壽命進行了分析，并得到各結構參數（壁厚、波數、外徑）對波紋管疲勞壽命影響的關系，為波紋管的設計選用提供了指導作用。 最后，運用數值積分法，提出了波紋管的體積變化量的計算方法；基于液體的可壓縮性，推導出了波紋管變形后的體積變化量與波紋管的內外壓差的關系式，并給出了波紋管的工作水深與內外壓差的詳細計算流程；針對以上的分析，設計了一種波紋管式壓力平衡裝置，能夠測量深海下大壓力的同時也能測量微小壓力的變化。
[Abstract]:The problem of great pressure in deep-sea environment is the first common problem for instruments and equipment for deep-sea resources exploration and development. The method of pressure balance has become the first choice to solve this problem. As an elastic balance element, bellows have been widely used in various pressure and displacement compensation occasions, and the selection of bellows structure determines the advantages and disadvantages of the balance performance. Firstly, the nonlinear analysis of bellows (material nonlinear, large deflection of bellows) is carried out by using finite element method, and the allowable displacement of bellows is calculated, and the relationship between geometric parameters of bellows and the performance of bellows is further analyzed. In this paper, the effects of outer diameter, wavenumber, wall thickness and wave height on the axial stiffness of bellows are analyzed, and the design principles of bellows pressure balance structures are summarized. The orthogonal test method is used to optimize the relationship between the geometric parameters of bellows and their performance, and the optimal combination of parameters is obtained. Secondly, the fatigue life of bellows for deep sea pressure balance is analyzed, and the relationship between the influence of structural parameters (wall thickness, wavenumber, outer diameter) on the fatigue life of bellows is obtained, which provides guidance for the design and selection of bellows. Finally, the numerical integration method is used to calculate the volume change of bellows. Based on the compressibility of liquid, the relationship between the volume change of bellows after deformation and the internal and external pressure difference of bellows is derived, and the detailed calculation flow chart of working water depth and internal and external pressure difference of bellows is given. In view of the above analysis, a bellows pressure balance device is designed, which can measure the large pressure in the deep sea and the change of the small pressure at the same time.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P742

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