白堊紀(jì)—古近紀(jì)南海北緣盆地構(gòu)造特征研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-30 13:08
【摘要】：南海北緣白堊紀(jì)以來的構(gòu)造特征以擠壓和拉張并存，并在此背景下發(fā)育出眾多的白堊紀(jì)-第三紀(jì)盆地。這些盆地的演化過程與太平洋板塊、歐亞板塊的運動情況關(guān)系密切，還可能與古南海-南海的演化存在重要聯(lián)系。本文選取南海北緣中新生代盆地為研究對象，力圖通過盆地在中生代之交的構(gòu)造演化特征來反映南海北緣的構(gòu)造屬性和演化規(guī)律。通過對盆地沉積特征、火山巖巖石學(xué)特征及盆地構(gòu)造過程的分析和對比，得出了以下的結(jié)論： （1）南海北緣在白堊紀(jì)存在一條代表古南海俯沖的陸緣弧，，凡保留有白堊紀(jì)火山-沉積記錄的南海北緣盆地均表現(xiàn)出與陸緣弧的關(guān)聯(lián)，表明研究區(qū)具有一個囊括眾多盆地、總寬超過600km的安第斯型陸緣弧體系，體系的展布以南北方向為主。 （2）陸緣弧體系內(nèi)部發(fā)展史存在差異，樂東、茂名、三水盆地等近弧區(qū)在白堊紀(jì)大部分時間內(nèi)均表現(xiàn)出與陸緣弧壓性環(huán)境緊密相關(guān)的巖漿、沉積或構(gòu)造特征；而在以衡陽盆地、丹霞-南雄盆地和河源盆地為代表的寬闊弧后帶，則在晚白堊世初期普遍顯現(xiàn)伸展拉張的地質(zhì)特征，屬于陸緣弧體系的弧后裂谷環(huán)境，其主導(dǎo)因素恐與古南海俯沖帶后撤、弧后軟流圈地幔上涌有關(guān)。 （3）三水盆地新生代熱點式火山噴發(fā)拉開現(xiàn)代南海威爾遜旋回的序幕，保存有新生代地質(zhì)記錄的三水盆地、河源盆地、茂名盆地、樂東盆地、珠江口盆地均以穩(wěn)定的被動陸緣沉積為基本特征，表明古南海的活動陸緣背景完全易位于現(xiàn)代南海的被動陸緣背景。限于目前的研究條件，形成上述重大構(gòu)造轉(zhuǎn)換的時代界線尚難界定。
[Abstract]:The tectonic features of the northern margin of the South China Sea since Cretaceous coexist with compression and extension, and many Cretaceous-Tertiary basins have been developed under this background. The evolution process of these basins is closely related to the movement of the Pacific plate and Eurasian plate, and may also be related to the evolution of the ancient South China Sea and the South China Sea. In this paper, the Meso-Cenozoic basins in the northern margin of the South China Sea are selected as the research objects, and the tectonic properties and evolution rules of the northern margin of the South China Sea are reflected by the tectonic evolution characteristics of the basins at the intersection of the Mesozoic. Based on the analysis and comparison of the sedimentary characteristics of the basin, the petrological characteristics of volcanic rocks and the tectonic process of the basin, the following conclusions have been drawn: (1) there was a continental margin arc representing the subduction of the ancient South China Sea in the Cretaceous period in the northern margin of the South China Sea. All the basins in the northern margin of the South China Sea with Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary records are associated with the continental margin arc, indicating that the study area has an Andean continental margin arc system with a total width of more than 600km, covering many basins. The distribution of the system is mainly in the north-south direction. (2) there are differences in the internal history of the continental margin arc system. During most of the Cretaceous period, the near-arc areas of the Ledong, Maoming and Sanshui basins showed magmatic, sedimentary or structural characteristics closely related to the continental margin arc pressure environment; In the broad back-arc belt represented by Hengyang basin, Danxia Nanxiong basin and Heyuan basin, extensional and extensional geological characteristics were generally observed in the early stage of the late Cretaceous, which belongs to the back-arc rift environment of the continental margin arc system. The main factors may be related to the retreat of the subduction zone and the upwelling of the mantle in the back-arc asthenosphere in the ancient South China Sea. (3) the Cenozoic hot volcanic eruption in Sanshui basin opens the beginning of Wilson cycle in the modern South China Sea, and the Sanshui basin, Heyuan basin, Maoming basin and Ledong basin, which have the Cenozoic geological records, are preserved. The basic characteristics of the Pearl River Estuary basin are stable passive continental margin deposition, which indicates that the active continental margin background of the ancient South China Sea is easily located in the passive margin background of the modern South China Sea. Limited to the current research conditions, it is difficult to define the time boundary of the formation of the above major structural transformation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736.1
本文編號：2418159
[Abstract]:The tectonic features of the northern margin of the South China Sea since Cretaceous coexist with compression and extension, and many Cretaceous-Tertiary basins have been developed under this background. The evolution process of these basins is closely related to the movement of the Pacific plate and Eurasian plate, and may also be related to the evolution of the ancient South China Sea and the South China Sea. In this paper, the Meso-Cenozoic basins in the northern margin of the South China Sea are selected as the research objects, and the tectonic properties and evolution rules of the northern margin of the South China Sea are reflected by the tectonic evolution characteristics of the basins at the intersection of the Mesozoic. Based on the analysis and comparison of the sedimentary characteristics of the basin, the petrological characteristics of volcanic rocks and the tectonic process of the basin, the following conclusions have been drawn: (1) there was a continental margin arc representing the subduction of the ancient South China Sea in the Cretaceous period in the northern margin of the South China Sea. All the basins in the northern margin of the South China Sea with Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary records are associated with the continental margin arc, indicating that the study area has an Andean continental margin arc system with a total width of more than 600km, covering many basins. The distribution of the system is mainly in the north-south direction. (2) there are differences in the internal history of the continental margin arc system. During most of the Cretaceous period, the near-arc areas of the Ledong, Maoming and Sanshui basins showed magmatic, sedimentary or structural characteristics closely related to the continental margin arc pressure environment; In the broad back-arc belt represented by Hengyang basin, Danxia Nanxiong basin and Heyuan basin, extensional and extensional geological characteristics were generally observed in the early stage of the late Cretaceous, which belongs to the back-arc rift environment of the continental margin arc system. The main factors may be related to the retreat of the subduction zone and the upwelling of the mantle in the back-arc asthenosphere in the ancient South China Sea. (3) the Cenozoic hot volcanic eruption in Sanshui basin opens the beginning of Wilson cycle in the modern South China Sea, and the Sanshui basin, Heyuan basin, Maoming basin and Ledong basin, which have the Cenozoic geological records, are preserved. The basic characteristics of the Pearl River Estuary basin are stable passive continental margin deposition, which indicates that the active continental margin background of the ancient South China Sea is easily located in the passive margin background of the modern South China Sea. Limited to the current research conditions, it is difficult to define the time boundary of the formation of the above major structural transformation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736.1
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