【摘要】：海洋結構物是多系統(tǒng)多功能的大型產品,復雜系統(tǒng)的應用和惡劣的海洋環(huán)境會導致其在服役期間較多地發(fā)生故障和失效問題,并可能引發(fā)碰撞、火災、爆炸、腐蝕破壞等災害性事故,造成環(huán)境污染和人員傷亡等嚴重后果。海洋工程的可靠性問題一直是人們關注的焦點。故障樹分析法主要應用于安全系統(tǒng)工程中,是國內外公認的對復雜系統(tǒng)進行可靠性評估的重要方法。本文基于對故障樹分析法內容和原理的研究,結合海洋工程的特點,開發(fā)了面向海洋工程應用的故障樹分析軟件,主要研究內容如下:(1)針對海洋結構物系統(tǒng)復雜、故障樹建造規(guī)模大的特點,研究并開發(fā)基于數(shù)值數(shù)組的大型故障樹分析算法,該算法采用數(shù)值數(shù)組對故障樹進行結構編碼,通過數(shù)組之間的數(shù)值運算完成定性分析和定量分析,緩解NP困難問題,求解故障樹的最小割集、不交化最小割集、最小路集、頂事件發(fā)生概率以及底事件重要度。(2)針對海洋結構物包含單元數(shù)目多、部件壽命分布多樣、難以使用解析方法求解可靠性參數(shù)的特點,對基于故障樹的可靠性數(shù)值仿真方法進行研究,使用威布爾分布擬合故障樹底事件的失效分布函數(shù),應用蒙特卡羅方法對底事件的壽命進行抽樣,通過故障樹結構函數(shù)求解頂事件發(fā)生概率,得到系統(tǒng)不可靠度隨時間變化曲線。(3)針對海洋結構物可維修的特點,研究可維修系統(tǒng)的可靠性數(shù)值仿真方法,通過對元部件故障時間和維修時間的抽樣,構建其狀態(tài)變化時間數(shù)組,基于故障樹的最小割集求解每次仿真系統(tǒng)的失效時間。(4)使用MATLAB編制程序對相應的故障樹分析算法予以實現(xiàn),使用GUI開發(fā)環(huán)境制作故障樹分析軟件界面。建立海上浮式風機的可靠性模型,使用故障樹分析軟件對浮式風機進行可靠性評估。
[Abstract]:Marine structures are large products with multi-system and multi-function. The application of complex systems and bad marine environment will lead to more failures and failures during service, and may lead to collisions, fires, explosions. Catastrophic accidents, such as corrosion damage, cause serious consequences such as environmental pollution and casualties. The reliability of ocean engineering has always been the focus of attention. Fault tree analysis, which is widely used in safety system engineering, is an important method to evaluate the reliability of complex systems at home and abroad. Based on the research of the content and principle of fault tree analysis and the characteristics of ocean engineering, a fault tree analysis software for ocean engineering is developed in this paper. The main research contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the complexity of ocean structure system, This paper studies and develops a large fault tree analysis algorithm based on numerical array, which uses numerical array to code the structure of fault tree, and completes qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis by numerical operation between arrays. In order to solve the problem of NP, the minimum cut set, disjoint minimum cut set, minimal cut set, minimum path set, the probability of top event occurrence and the importance of bottom event are solved. (2) in view of the large number of units contained in marine structures, the life distribution of components is diverse. It is difficult to use analytic method to solve the characteristic of reliability parameter. The reliability numerical simulation method based on fault tree is studied, and the failure distribution function of fault tree bottom event is fitted by Weibull distribution. Monte Carlo method is used to sample the life of bottom event, and the probability of top event is solved by fault tree structure function, and the curve of system unreliability with time is obtained. (3) aiming at the maintainability of ocean structure, The reliability numerical simulation method of maintainable system is studied. By sampling component failure time and maintenance time, an array of state change time is constructed. The minimum cut set based on the fault tree is used to solve the failure time of each simulation system. (4) the corresponding fault tree analysis algorithm is implemented by using MATLAB programming program and the fault tree analysis software interface is made by using the GUI development environment. The reliability model of floating fan is established, and the reliability of floating fan is evaluated by fault tree analysis software.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P75

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