【摘要】：海表鹽度（SSS）作為描述海洋基本性質(zhì)的關(guān)鍵變量之一，對(duì)其分布和變化規(guī)律的研究有助于了解海洋環(huán)流、海洋碳循環(huán)、全球水循環(huán)以及海洋 大氣之間的相互作用對(duì)全球氣候的影響。隨著SSS的重要性與日俱增，及其測(cè)量方法的不斷完善，國內(nèi)外對(duì)于SSS的研究不僅表現(xiàn)在SSS的分布特征和影響因素的研究，以及SSS對(duì)全球水循環(huán)和大洋環(huán)流等氣候特征的影響方面的研究，還包括SSS反演算法和精確地的提高和校正方面。總結(jié)國內(nèi)外SSS研究進(jìn)展的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)現(xiàn)，南海特殊的地理位置與氣候特征決定了南海SSS對(duì)南海環(huán)流以及海氣之間的相互作用具有重要的影響，并且由于受到南海海域的觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)在區(qū)域上不完整或者時(shí)間上不連續(xù)的影響，近幾年來對(duì)南海SSS的研究重點(diǎn)在衛(wèi)星遙感數(shù)據(jù)的精度校準(zhǔn)上。因此，對(duì)南海SSS的分布特征進(jìn)行分析，有益于了解南海環(huán)流和水循環(huán)對(duì)氣候的影響，同時(shí)，可以為下一步衛(wèi)星海表鹽度反演精度的提高提供數(shù)據(jù)和觀測(cè)基礎(chǔ)�；诖�，本文利用1980年-2011年長(zhǎng)達(dá)32年的SODA月平均海表鹽度和2011年的高分辨率的HYCOM/NCODA日平均再分析資料，，重點(diǎn)討論了南海海表鹽度SSS的分布特征和差異分析，重點(diǎn)討論了南海海表鹽度SSS的分布特征和差異分析。主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： （1）利用最小二乘法對(duì)南海的SODA月平均海表鹽度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行線性擬合分析SSS異常的變化趨勢(shì)。結(jié)果顯示，從1980年到2011年，南海SSS總體上呈現(xiàn)出下降的趨勢(shì)。 （2）利用EOF分析方法對(duì)南海的SODA月平均海表鹽度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行時(shí)空分解。結(jié)果顯示，第1模態(tài)EOF分析表明南海SSS具有同相位的變化；第2、3模態(tài)EOF分析說明不同海域的SSS異常變化是有差別的，其中，在南海北部和南部SSS異常變化大且呈反相關(guān)，在南海中部SSS異常變化小。 （3）主要通過處理分析2011年的高分辨率的HYCOM/NCODA日平均鹽度資料，并將之與同年的SODA月平均海洋同化數(shù)據(jù)鹽度資料進(jìn)行對(duì)比，分析兩者之間的差異，以及在南海的SSS的分布特征。處理結(jié)果表明，2011年的南海月平均SSS在時(shí)間上都是先升高后降低再升高的趨勢(shì)。通過對(duì)比這兩種數(shù)據(jù)的SSS偏差，發(fā)現(xiàn)各自都隨各自的月平均鹽度而上下起伏，但是前者的變化在時(shí)間上更規(guī)律一些，后者則是在區(qū)域上有較大的浮動(dòng)。兩者相減得到的SSS差異在南海不同的海域上表現(xiàn)不一樣，基本上跟SSS的季節(jié)變化有關(guān)。通過使用最小二乘法對(duì)HYCOM/NCODA SSS數(shù)據(jù)和SODA SSS數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行線性擬合和計(jì)算RMSE發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們之間存在正相關(guān)，雖然相關(guān)性不是非常顯著，但是在一定程度上仍能說明這兩種數(shù)據(jù)在表現(xiàn)南海SSS的分布特征上是基本一致的。另外在本文的最后，對(duì)于南海SSS的小尺度分布特征進(jìn)行了初步分析，結(jié)果顯示，選擇的樣本點(diǎn)內(nèi)的SSS基本上可以代表1°ｘ1°范圍內(nèi)的SSS，相對(duì)來說幾個(gè)異常值的存在對(duì)于進(jìn)行衛(wèi)星海表鹽度的反演精度提高的研究來說是有意義的。
[Abstract]:Sea surface salinity (SSS) is one of the key variables to describe the basic properties of the ocean. The study of its distribution and variation is helpful to understand the ocean circulation and the ocean carbon cycle. The effects of the global water cycle and the interactions between the oceans and the atmosphere on the global climate. With the increasing importance of SSS and the continuous improvement of measurement methods, the research of SSS at home and abroad is not only reflected in the distribution characteristics of SSS and the study of influencing factors. The effects of SSS on the global water cycle and oceanic circulation, including the SSS inversion algorithm and the precise improvement and correction of the SSS inversion algorithm, are also discussed. On the basis of summarizing the research progress of SSS at home and abroad, it is found that the special geographical location and climatic characteristics of the South China Sea determine that the South China Sea SSS plays an important role in the South China Sea circulation and the interaction between sea and atmosphere. Due to the incomplete or temporal discontinuity of the observed data in the South China Sea, the research on the SSS in the South China Sea has focused on the accuracy calibration of the satellite remote sensing data in recent years. Therefore, the analysis of the distribution characteristics of SSS in the South China Sea is helpful to understand the influence of the circulation and water cycle in the South China Sea on the climate, at the same time, it can provide the data and observation basis for improving the accuracy of the inversion of sea surface salinity of the satellite in the next step. Based on this, the distribution characteristics and difference analysis of SODA monthly mean sea surface salinity from 1980 to 2011 and high-resolution daily average HYCOM/NCODA reanalysis data from 2011 are used to discuss the distribution characteristics and difference analysis of SSS in the South China Sea. The distribution characteristics and difference analysis of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the South China Sea are discussed in detail. The main research contents are as follows: (1) the variation trend of SSS anomaly is analyzed by linear fitting of SODA monthly mean sea surface salinity data in the South China Sea by least square method. The results show that from 1980 to 2011, the South China Sea SSS generally showed a downward trend. (2) the SODA monthly mean sea surface salinity data of the South China Sea are decomposed by EOF method. The results show that the first mode EOF analysis shows that the SSS in the South China Sea has the same phase change, the second mode EOF analysis shows that there are differences in the variation of SSS anomaly in different sea areas, among which, the SSS anomaly in the north and south of the South China Sea varies greatly and is inversely correlated. In the middle of the South China Sea, the SSS anomaly change is small. (3) by processing and analyzing the high-resolution HYCOM/NCODA daily average salinity data in 2011 and comparing it with the SODA monthly average ocean assimilation data of the same year, the differences between the two data and the distribution characteristics of SSS in the South China Sea are analyzed. The results show that the average monthly SSS of the South China Sea in 2011 increased first and then decreased and then increased. By comparing the SSS deviations of the two data, it is found that each of them fluctuates with their monthly average salinity, but the former is more regular in time, and the latter is larger in region. The difference of SSS between them is different in different waters of the South China Sea, which is related to the seasonal variation of SSS. By linear fitting and calculating RMSE of HYCOM/NCODA SSS data and SODA SSS data using the least square method, it is found that there is a positive correlation between them, although the correlation is not very significant. To some extent, however, these two kinds of data are consistent in the distribution of SSS in the South China Sea. In addition, at the end of this paper, the small scale distribution characteristics of SSS in the South China Sea are analyzed, and the results show that, The SSS in the selected sample points can basically represent the existence of several outliers in the range of 1 擄x 1 擄for the study of improving the accuracy of the inversion of sea surface salinity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P731.12

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