本文選題：懸鏈線立管 + 浮體系統(tǒng)耦合模型��； 參考：《上海交通大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：立管是連接海床和海洋平臺的細長柔性構(gòu)件，主要用于鉆井和油氣輸送等。在各種類型的立管中，懸鏈線立管因具有安裝簡便、成本低、適合應用于多種平臺類型等優(yōu)點而在深海油氣開采中得到越來越多的應用。盡管懸鏈線立管集諸多優(yōu)點于一身，但其特殊的布置形式所帶來的疲勞損傷一直是海洋工程領域的挑戰(zhàn)性問題。如果能夠充分考慮懸鏈線立管承受的環(huán)境載荷，并合理的模擬立管與海床的相互作用，那么可以大大提高觸地點疲勞損傷的預報精度，從而避免偏大的安全因子給立管制造帶來的額外費用。 本文作為國家自然科學基金項目“基于海流隨機性的深海立管渦激振動疲勞壽命概率預測方法研究”、國家重大科技專項“深水海底管道和立管工程技術(shù)”和海洋工程國家重點實驗室自主研究課題“深海立管多模態(tài)渦激振動疲勞損傷特性研究”的重要組成部分，旨在深入研究深海懸鏈線立管觸地點附近的疲勞損傷特性，并建立合理的疲勞損傷評估體系。 本文根據(jù)國際上懸鏈線立管觸地點疲勞損傷的最新研究動向，對懸鏈線與海床的相互作用、渦激振動的頻域和時域預報技術(shù)、觸地點的疲勞損傷特性及可靠性等開展了深入的研究，取得了積極的成果。論文的主要研究工作如下： (1)總結(jié)了已公布的管土作用實驗和渦激振動實驗，并詳細歸納了平臺系統(tǒng)耦合響應預報技術(shù)、管土作用模型、渦激振動模型以及立管疲勞分析方法的研究，闡述了有待補充和完善的內(nèi)容。 (2)根據(jù)頻域轉(zhuǎn)時域理論，利用頻域水動力系數(shù)開發(fā)了浮體時域單元。采用考慮幾何非線性的三節(jié)點桿單元和梁單元模擬系泊索和立管，并通過推導的多點約束連接浮體單元與桿單元和梁單元，將浮體系統(tǒng)通過有限元組裝到統(tǒng)一矩陣下，從而構(gòu)建浮體系統(tǒng)全耦合預報模型。 (3)基于梁-彈簧模型編制立管初始嵌入海床的靜力分析程序，研究了立管最大嵌入深度、海床剛度和立管重量對觸地區(qū)域立管形狀的影響。討論了已有的海床溝槽模型，指出其中的不足，并根據(jù)墨西哥灣現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測的溝槽形狀提出了全新的海床溝槽模型。根據(jù)大尺度模型實驗得到的垂向管土作用力的特性，提出了線性滯后的管土作用模型；海床的側(cè)向作用通過與海床嵌入深度有關(guān)的彈簧模擬。結(jié)合溝槽模型、管土垂向和側(cè)向作用模型，開發(fā)了與深海懸鏈線立管匹配的觸地單元，并通過定性分析證明了觸地單元能夠有效的捕捉管土作用吸力的產(chǎn)生和釋放過程。 (4)對剛性圓柱體受迫振蕩和自激振蕩得到渦激振動鎖定區(qū)間的一致性進行了分析，提出了順流渦激振動不同激發(fā)模態(tài)能量輸入疊加區(qū)域的處理原則，在此基礎上，利用受迫振蕩實驗數(shù)據(jù)建立了深海立管橫流和順流渦激振動頻域預報模型，并通過一系列大尺度立管渦激振動模型實驗進行了驗證分析。利用開發(fā)的頻域程序研究了觸地區(qū)域存在對渦激振動誘發(fā)的觸地點響應的影響進行了分析，闡明了傳統(tǒng)截斷模型得到觸地點響應的不合理之處。 (5)針對渦激振動頻域模型固有的缺陷，本文提出了適合渦激振動時域分析的立管單元鎖定判斷準則，并建了橫流和順流耦合渦激振動時域預報模型，，然后通過頂端張緊式立管和懸鏈線立管的渦激振動模型實驗進行了驗證。分析了懸鏈線立管模態(tài)振型所在的平面，并驗證了渦激振動頻域和時域預報方法將二維有限元模型得到的模態(tài)代替三維有限元模型模態(tài)的合理性。將管土作用模型與渦激振動時域模型結(jié)合，研究了海床參數(shù)對觸地區(qū)域響應模態(tài)以及懸鏈線立管整體響應位移的影響。 (6)采用雨流計數(shù)法編制了疲勞損傷計算程序，并通過比較渦激振動誘發(fā)的立管實驗模型疲勞損傷的數(shù)值結(jié)果和文獻結(jié)果進行了驗證。對于渦激振動的頻域預報模型，對比分析了三種多模態(tài)誘發(fā)的疲勞損傷計算方法，并為橫流和順流渦激振動分別推薦了合適的方案。采用全耦合程序和渦激振動時域方法對深海懸鏈線立管進行了相應分析，討論了觸地區(qū)域的疲勞損傷對波浪參數(shù)和海床參數(shù)敏感性。比較了時域和頻域方法得到的渦激振動誘發(fā)的觸地區(qū)域疲勞損傷，進一步分析了前面推薦方案的合理性。 (7)分析了立管疲勞可靠性及疲勞安全因子的計算方法，并編制了響應面法、蒙特卡洛法和Rosenblueth法程序。結(jié)合全耦合模型和頻域渦激振動預報模型，研究了渦激振動誘發(fā)的觸地點疲勞損傷概率分布特征、疲勞失效概率對不確定性因素的敏感性，討論了全耦合響應和渦激振動誘發(fā)的年疲勞失效概率與疲勞安全因子的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Riser is a long and flexible flexible component connecting seabed and offshore platform. It is mainly used in drilling and oil and gas transportation. In various types of risers, the catenary riser has been used more and more in deep sea oil and gas mining because of its advantages of easy installation, low cost and suitable for various types of platform types. The fatigue damage caused by the special arrangement has been a challenging problem in the field of marine engineering. If the environmental load of the catenary riser is taken into full consideration and the interaction between the riser and the seabed can be reasonably simulated, the prediction accuracy of the fatigue damage of the touchdown point can be greatly improved, thus avoiding the deviation. The extra cost for riser manufacturing caused by the big safety factor.
As the National Natural Science Foundation Project "study on the probability prediction method of vortex induced vibration fatigue life of deep-sea risers based on the randomness of ocean current", the national major science and technology special "deepwater seabed pipeline and riser engineering technology" and the National Key Laboratory of Marine Engineering "deep-sea riser multimodal vortex induced vibration fatigue" The important part of the study of damage characteristics is to study the fatigue damage characteristics near the touch site of the deep-sea catenary riser and establish a reasonable fatigue damage assessment system.
In this paper, according to the latest research trend of the contact point fatigue damage of the catenary riser, the interaction of the catenary and the seabed, the frequency domain and the time domain prediction technique of the vortex excited vibration, the fatigue damage characteristics and the reliability of the touchdown point are studied in this paper, and the positive results are obtained. The main research work of this paper is as follows:
(1) the published experimental and vortex induced vibration experiments have been summarized, and the research on the coupled response prediction technique of the platform system, the soil action model, the vortex induced vibration model and the riser fatigue analysis method are discussed in detail, and the contents to be supplemented and perfected are expounded.
(2) based on the frequency domain theory of time domain, a floating body time domain unit is developed by using the frequency domain hydrodynamic coefficient. The three node element and beam element considering geometric nonlinearity are used to simulate mooring cables and risers, and the floating body unit, rod element and beam element are connected by the derivation of multi point constraints, and the floating body system is assembled under the unified matrix by the finite element. Thus the full coupling prediction model of the floating body system is constructed.
(3) based on the beam spring model, the static analysis program of the initial embedded seabed in the riser is compiled. The influence of the maximum embedded depth of the riser, the seabed stiffness and the weight of the riser on the shape of the riser in the ground is studied. The existing model of the seabed groove is discussed, and the shortcomings are pointed out, and a new method is put forward according to the groove shape in the Mexico Bay. According to the characteristics of the vertical tube soil force obtained by the large scale model experiment, a linear lagging tube soil model is proposed. The lateral action of the seabed is modeled by the spring simulation related to the depth of the seabed embedding. The vertical and lateral action model of the pipe soil is developed to match the deep-sea catenary riser. Through the qualitative analysis, it is proved that the touchdown unit can effectively capture the process of the suction and release of the pipe soil action.
(4) the consistency between the forced oscillation and the self excited oscillation of the rigid cylinder is analyzed. The principle of processing the superposition region of the energy input of the different excitation modes of the vortex excited vibration is proposed. On this basis, the frequency domain prediction of the transverse and downstream vortex excited vibration of the deep-sea riser is established by using the experimental data of the forced oscillation. The model is verified by a series of large scale riser vortex induced vibration model experiments. Using the developed frequency domain program, the influence of the contact area on the ground contact point induced by the vortex induced vibration is analyzed, and the unreasonableness of the traditional truncation model is clarified.
(5) in view of the inherent defects of the vortex excited vibration frequency domain model, this paper proposes a lock judgment criterion for the riser unit, which is suitable for the time domain analysis of vortex excited vibration, and builds a time-domain prediction model for the transverse and downstream coupled vortex excited vibration. Then, the vortex induced vibration model experiment of the top tensioned riser and the catenary riser is verified. The mode of the mode of the linear riser is located, and the rationality of the mode of the two-dimensional finite element model is replaced by the frequency domain and the time domain prediction method of the vortex excited vibration. The response mode of the seabed parameters to the ground area and the catenary riser are studied by combining the soil interaction model with the time domain model of the vortex excited vibration. The effect of the overall response displacement.
(6) the fatigue damage calculation program is compiled by the rain flow counting method, and the numerical results and the literature results of the experimental model of the riser induced by vortex induced vibration are compared and the results of the literature are verified. In the frequency domain prediction model of the vortex induced vibration, three methods of fatigue damage induced by multimodal induced fatigue are compared and analyzed, and the transverse and downstream vortices are also calculated. The appropriate scheme is recommended respectively. The full coupling program and the time-domain method of vortex excited vibration are used to analyze the deep-sea catenary riser, and the sensitivity of the fatigue damage to the wave parameters and the seabed parameters is discussed. The fatigue damage caused by the vortex induced vibration induced by the time-domain and frequency domain methods is compared. One step is to analyze the rationality of the previous recommendation.
(7) the fatigue reliability of riser and the calculation method of fatigue safety factor are analyzed, and the response surface method, Monte Carlo method and Rosenblueth procedure are compiled. The probability distribution characteristics of the fatigue damage induced by vortex induced vibration are studied in combination with the full coupling model and the frequency domain vortex induced vibration prediction model, and the probability of fatigue failure is considered to be uncertain. The relationship between the full coupling response and the annual fatigue failure probability induced by vortex induced vibration and the fatigue safety factor is discussed.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P756.2

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