本文選題：海洋工程 + 船舶�。� 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著海洋資源開發(fā)力度的不斷加大，海洋工程結(jié)構(gòu)物的需求正快速的增長(zhǎng)。人們對(duì)于工作環(huán)境的要求也在不斷提高，海洋工程的振動(dòng)和噪聲問題越來越受到人們的關(guān)注。國(guó)際海事組織以及很多國(guó)家的組織機(jī)構(gòu)都制定了嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來限制振動(dòng)和噪聲。新的IMO《船上噪聲等級(jí)規(guī)則修訂草案》（DE56）的即將強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行給船舶和海洋工程的減振降噪提出了新的更高的要求。 管路系統(tǒng)是海洋工程結(jié)構(gòu)物的一個(gè)重要組成部分，同時(shí)也是振動(dòng)傳遞和噪聲輻射的一個(gè)重要途徑。管道系統(tǒng)的減振降噪是海洋工程振動(dòng)和噪聲問題研究的重要部分。阻振質(zhì)量減振是一種重要且實(shí)用的剛性減振方法，其在板類構(gòu)件中的研究較多且比較成熟，在管路中的應(yīng)用也正受到人們的重視。已經(jīng)有學(xué)者應(yīng)用理論分析和數(shù)值仿真的方法對(duì)阻振質(zhì)量在管道減振降噪中的應(yīng)用做了研究探討。本文通過建立管道安裝阻振質(zhì)量的實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ�，測(cè)試和分析阻振質(zhì)量減振在海洋工程管路減振降噪中的一般規(guī)律和應(yīng)用前景。 首先以平板安裝方鋼的典型阻振質(zhì)量減振結(jié)構(gòu)為例，理論分析了阻振質(zhì)量減振的一般原理；以彎曲波為振動(dòng)波傳遞的主要波形，根據(jù)波動(dòng)方程推導(dǎo)了振動(dòng)波在管道內(nèi)傳遞的傳遞損失公式；建立管道安裝阻振質(zhì)量的物理實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ�，用力錘敲擊管壁產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)，分別測(cè)試分析阻振質(zhì)量對(duì)普通管道（充氣）和充液管道的減振效果。 通過實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試和數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算分析，得到了振動(dòng)波沿管道傳遞時(shí)阻振質(zhì)量前后各測(cè)點(diǎn)的振級(jí)落差；計(jì)算分析了管道有阻振質(zhì)量與無(wú)阻振質(zhì)量時(shí)相比各測(cè)點(diǎn)的減振效果。研究結(jié)果表明,阻振質(zhì)量對(duì)于振動(dòng)波在管道中的傳遞在中高頻段有著很好的阻抑作用，而在低頻區(qū)域的減振效果并不明顯；多個(gè)阻振質(zhì)量的組合相比于同截面的單個(gè)阻振質(zhì)量所影響的頻段下限要低；兩個(gè)相同阻振質(zhì)量的減振效果與它們的間距有一定的關(guān)系；平行等間距的布置三個(gè)相同的阻振質(zhì)量相比于單個(gè)阻振質(zhì)量并不會(huì)取得很大的減振效果；不等間距的三個(gè)阻振質(zhì)量相比于等間距布置能夠取得更好的減振效果。 阻振質(zhì)量對(duì)于充液管道的減振降噪效果與普通管道相比，振動(dòng)波沿管道的傳遞損失規(guī)律基本相似；充液管道布置阻振質(zhì)量與無(wú)阻振質(zhì)量時(shí)相比，，各測(cè)點(diǎn)的振級(jí)落差比普通管道有所減小，這主要由于水的注入增大了管道的質(zhì)量，阻振質(zhì)量與單位長(zhǎng)度管道的質(zhì)量比減小，對(duì)管道整體的影響也相應(yīng)的減弱。 本文的研究結(jié)果對(duì)船舶與海洋工程管路系統(tǒng)的減振降噪有一定的參考意義。在敷設(shè)管道時(shí)，當(dāng)需要時(shí)可以適當(dāng)?shù)挠梅ㄌm（阻振質(zhì)量）連接來替代焊接，還可以通過改變阻振質(zhì)量的截面尺寸、數(shù)量、間距等達(dá)到減振降噪的目的。本文最后展望了阻振質(zhì)量在管道減振降噪中的研究和應(yīng)用前景，指出了要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注和解決的一些問題。
[Abstract]:As the development of marine resources is increasing, the demand for marine engineering structures is increasing rapidly. The requirements for work environment are increasing, and the vibration and noise problems of marine engineering are getting more and more attention. The International Maritime Organization and the organizations of many countries have set strict standards. Vibration and noise. The forthcoming enforcement of the revised draft of the new IMO< ship noise level rules (DE56) will bring new and higher requirements to the vibration and noise reduction of ships and marine engineering.
The pipeline system is an important part of the marine engineering structure. It is also an important way of vibration transmission and noise radiation. The vibration and noise reduction of the pipeline system is an important part of the study of the vibration and noise of the marine engineering. The vibration resistance of the vibration is an important and practical rigid vibration damping method. More research and more mature, the application in the pipeline is also being paid attention to. Some scholars have applied theoretical analysis and numerical simulation method to study the application of vibration resistance quality in pipeline vibration reduction and noise reduction. This paper establishes an experimental model of pipeline installation resistance and vibration quality, testing and analyzing the vibration damping quality in the sea. General rule and application prospect of vibration attenuation and noise reduction in offshore engineering pipelines.
First, taking the typical vibration damping structure of square steel plate as an example, the general principle of vibration damping is analyzed theoretically, and the main wave waves transmitted by the bending wave are used to deduce the transmission loss formula of the vibration wave transmission in the pipe according to the wave equation, and the physical experimental model for setting up the vibration resistance quality of the tube is established. The force hammer strikes the tube wall to generate vibration, and tests and analyzes the vibration reduction effect of the vibration isolation mass on the ordinary pipeline (inflatable) and the liquid filled pipeline respectively.
Through the experimental test and the data calculation and analysis, the vibration level difference between the measured points before and after the vibration wave passing along the pipe is obtained. The vibration damping effect of the measured points is calculated and analyzed. The results show that the vibration wave mass transfer in the middle and high frequency section of the vibration wave in the pipeline is in the middle and high frequency section. The damping effect in the low frequency region is not obvious, and the combination of multiple vibration resistance quality is lower than that of the single vibration resistance of the same section. The damping effect of the two same vibration resistance is related to their distance, and the parallel equidistance arrangement is the three same vibration resistance quality. Compared with the single vibration resistance, the vibration reduction effect can not be obtained; the three vibration resistance mass with unequal spacing can achieve better damping effect compared with the equal spacing arrangement.
Compared with ordinary pipe, the effect of vibration damping and vibration reduction on the vibration and noise reduction of the fluid filled pipe is similar to that of the ordinary pipe, and the quality of the vibration level of each test point is smaller than that of the ordinary pipe, which is mainly caused by the injection of water, which increases the quality of the pipe and the vibration resistance. The mass ratio of the pipeline to the unit length decreases, and the influence on the overall pipeline decreases accordingly.
The results of this paper have a certain reference significance to the vibration and noise reduction of the ship and marine engineering pipeline system. When the pipe is laid, the connection of the flange (vibration resistance quality) can be used to replace the welding, and the purpose of reducing the vibration and noise can be achieved by changing the section size, quantity and distance of the vibration resistance. The research and application prospect of vibration isolation quality in pipeline vibration and noise reduction are pointed out, and some problems that should be focused on and solved are pointed out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P75;TB53

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