本文選題：海面大風(fēng) + 海島自動(dòng)氣象站�。� 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：論文借助對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法研究測(cè)站高度對(duì)海島自動(dòng)站大風(fēng)資料代表性的影響,并與實(shí)驗(yàn)站觀測(cè)對(duì)比評(píng)估高度訂正后大風(fēng)資料的可靠性,以期獲得客觀真實(shí)的海上大風(fēng)實(shí)況信息,用于指導(dǎo)大風(fēng)預(yù)報(bào),服務(wù)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。首先,結(jié)合各海島站地理位置和海拔高度,對(duì)煙臺(tái)海域海島自動(dòng)站大風(fēng)資料的可用性進(jìn)行定性分析。基于Monin-Obukhov相似理論,利用乘冪律風(fēng)廓線公式把各海島站觀測(cè)資料訂正到10 m高處。以國(guó)家基本氣象站--長(zhǎng)島站的大風(fēng)資料作為基準(zhǔn)資料,采用統(tǒng)計(jì)分析歷史資料的方法,統(tǒng)計(jì)對(duì)比了11個(gè)海島站2008年10月到2010年7月近2年間共142個(gè)大風(fēng)日最大風(fēng)速,同時(shí)用2008年10月到2010年7月間11個(gè)海島站風(fēng)資料制作風(fēng)向、風(fēng)速玫瑰圖。分析對(duì)比結(jié)果表明：測(cè)站高度和地形對(duì)各個(gè)風(fēng)向的風(fēng)速有直接影響,需要選取合適的參數(shù)將觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)訂正到10米高度；采用與基本氣象站觀測(cè)的對(duì)比分析可以初步確定每個(gè)測(cè)站在不同風(fēng)向上觀測(cè)資料的可用性。其次,用對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法進(jìn)一步研究各海島自動(dòng)氣象站大風(fēng)資料的可用性。在實(shí)驗(yàn)中選擇了實(shí)驗(yàn)點(diǎn)周圍環(huán)境比較理想的蓬萊八仙渡、擔(dān)子島、桑島3個(gè)海島自動(dòng)站,其實(shí)測(cè)風(fēng)基本代表偏北風(fēng)時(shí)海面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)風(fēng),從2012年11月-2013年5月,對(duì)6級(jí)以上大風(fēng)及不同風(fēng)速下的風(fēng)向進(jìn)行了7個(gè)月的連續(xù)對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)。綜合歷史資料統(tǒng)計(jì)和對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,評(píng)估了各海島站大風(fēng)數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量,并劃分了各海島站大風(fēng)觀測(cè)資料在不同風(fēng)向上可利用價(jià)值大小,給出了煙臺(tái)海域海面風(fēng)的規(guī)則和訂正方法。最后,建立海上大風(fēng)數(shù)據(jù)平臺(tái),顯示訂正結(jié)果,并用于實(shí)際監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)業(yè)務(wù)。按照上述結(jié)論,對(duì)海上大風(fēng)評(píng)定中使用的實(shí)況資料重新界定,剔除不可用風(fēng)向的實(shí)況資料,這將對(duì)提高預(yù)報(bào)準(zhǔn)確率和服務(wù)效果起到積極的推動(dòng)作用,同時(shí)對(duì)調(diào)整優(yōu)化、布設(shè)海島氣象站點(diǎn)提供了科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:By means of comparative experiment and statistical analysis, the paper studies the influence of station height on the representative wind data of island automatic station, and evaluates the reliability of the revised gale data compared with the experimental station. In order to obtain objective and real information of sea gale, it can be used to guide wind forecast and serve the development of marine economy. Firstly, the availability of strong wind data of island automatic stations in Yantai sea area is analyzed qualitatively by combining the geographical location and altitude of each island station. Based on the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory, the observed data of each island station are revised to 10 m height by using the power law wind profile formula. Taking the gale data from the National basic Meteorological Station-Changdao Station as the datum data and using the method of statistical analysis of historical data, the maximum wind speed of 142 gale days in 11 island stations during the past two years from October 2008 to July 2010 was statistically compared. At the same time, the wind direction and wind speed rose map are made from 11 island stations wind data from October 2008 to July 2010. The results of analysis and comparison show that the height of the station and the topography have direct influence on the wind speed of each wind direction, so it is necessary to select the appropriate parameters to correct the observation data to 10 meters. The availability of observational data in different wind directions can be preliminarily determined by comparing the observations with basic meteorological stations. Secondly, the availability of gale data of automatic meteorological stations on each island is further studied by means of comparative experiments. In the experiment, three island automatic stations, Penglai Baxiandu, Guozi Island and Sangdao, which are ideal in the surrounding environment of the experimental sites, are selected. In fact, the wind measurement basically represents the standard wind of the sea surface during the northerly wind, from November 2012 to May 2013. A 7-month continuous contrast experiment was carried out on the wind direction of force 6 and different wind speed. Based on the statistics of historical data and comparative experimental analysis, the quality of gale data of each island station is evaluated, and the value of the observed data in different wind directions is divided. The rules and correction method of sea surface wind in Yantai sea area are given. Finally, the offshore gale data platform is established to show the revised results and to be used in actual monitoring and forecasting operations. According to the above conclusions, the redefinition of the actual data used in the offshore gale assessment and the elimination of the unusable wind direction data will play a positive role in improving the forecasting accuracy and the service effect, and at the same time, the adjustment and optimization will be improved. The establishment of island meteorological stations provides a scientific basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P714.2

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