本文選題：海岸帶 + 土地利用/覆蓋變化��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：海岸帶是陸地與海洋相互交接的特殊地帶,具有豐富的資源稟賦與優(yōu)越的自然條件,是人類賴以生存和發(fā)展的重要棲息地,人類經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)最頻繁的區(qū)域,也是現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的前沿陣地。海岸帶區(qū)域海岸帶土地利用變化的方式,直接或間接的改變著海岸帶潮間帶的灘涂資源量和海岸帶生態(tài)環(huán)境,引起海岸帶諸多資源與生態(tài)過程的改變,海岸帶土地利用變化對(duì)沿海城市的人類生存環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)發(fā)展等產(chǎn)生著重要的影響,歷來備受關(guān)注。因此,加強(qiáng)海岸帶土地利用變化及其生態(tài)承載力研究對(duì)于了解人類經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)對(duì)海岸帶生態(tài)環(huán)境變化的影響、海岸帶資源可持續(xù)開發(fā)利用均具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 連云港海岸位于隴海蘭新鐵路干線的東起點(diǎn),新亞歐大陸橋的東方橋頭堡。海岸帶類型齊全,海岸帶地貌類型復(fù)雜多樣�！吨袊�21世紀(jì)議程》明確要求把連云港建設(shè)成為連接太平洋沿岸國家和中亞地區(qū)的國際商貿(mào)中心隨著連云港市域經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展及城市化進(jìn)程的加快,近30年來海岸帶土地開發(fā)利用活動(dòng)頻繁,連云港海岸帶土地利用變化不斷加劇。研究連云港海岸帶土地利用變化及其生態(tài)承載力可以為連云港海岸帶可持續(xù)開發(fā)利用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 本研究利用連云港1987年、2002年、2007年以及2012年四個(gè)時(shí)相的TM/ETM遙感影像作為數(shù)據(jù)源,解譯提取了研究區(qū)土地利用信息,建立土地利用動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)庫,對(duì)連云港海岸帶近25年來土地利用變化進(jìn)行過程重建模擬,通過GIS空間分析技術(shù)、景觀格局分析和主成分分析等技術(shù)的綜合運(yùn)用,計(jì)算、模擬該區(qū)土地利用變化的時(shí)空分布特征,實(shí)現(xiàn)研究區(qū)土地利用變化驅(qū)動(dòng)因子的定量研究,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)土地的生態(tài)承載力進(jìn)行分析,判斷該時(shí)期海岸帶土地利用是否合理,為連云港海岸帶土地利用變化生態(tài)環(huán)境效應(yīng)定量研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。 通過上述研究,具體可得出以下結(jié)論： (1)在1987～2012年這25年間,連云港海岸帶的土地利用狀況發(fā)生了顯著變化,占據(jù)主要地位的土地利用類型是海域、鹽場(chǎng)、建筑用地和耕地；海域面積近年來大幅減少；鹽場(chǎng)面積波動(dòng)幅度較大；建設(shè)用地面積大幅度增加,25年間共增加了278.93km2,耕地面積大幅度減少,25年間共減少了188.31km2,耕地減少的流向主要是建設(shè)用地。說明這一時(shí)期為連云港海岸帶的發(fā)展期。 (2)通過景觀格局變化分析,揭示了研究區(qū)25年間研究區(qū)土地利用景觀類型存在較大差異,各景觀之間的不均勻性增大,不穩(wěn)定性增強(qiáng),團(tuán)聚的斑塊在減少,分布趨于分散,轉(zhuǎn)移較頻繁,反映出人類活動(dòng)對(duì)研究區(qū)土地利用影響不斷加強(qiáng)。 (3)通過主成分分析法,把原始數(shù)據(jù)的多個(gè)指標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)化成為少數(shù)幾個(gè)綜合指標(biāo)分析社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素對(duì)研究區(qū)域土地利用變化的影響,對(duì)連云港海岸帶土地利用變化驅(qū)動(dòng)因子進(jìn)行定性、定量分析,再次證實(shí)人口和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展是影響土地利用變化的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力。 (4)2002～2012年,連云港市生態(tài)足跡與生態(tài)承載力供給呈反方向發(fā)展趨勢(shì),生態(tài)赤字日益嚴(yán)重,說明研究區(qū)海岸帶土地資源利用發(fā)展模式亟需調(diào)整,需要加強(qiáng)生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè),通過提高能源使用率,調(diào)整能源結(jié)構(gòu)來控制化石能源用地規(guī)模。同時(shí),須增加海岸帶開發(fā)的科技力量投入,調(diào)整海岸帶資源開發(fā)利用的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),大力發(fā)展資源消耗低的服務(wù)業(yè)。
[Abstract]:Coastal zone is a special area of land and sea handover . It has rich resource endowment and superior natural conditions . It is an important habitat for human survival and development . It is the most frequent area of human economic activity , and it is also the forward position of modern economic and social development .

Along with the rapid development of the regional economy and the rapid urbanization process , the coastal zone land use change and its ecological carrying capacity can provide scientific basis for the sustainable development and utilization of the coastal zone of LianYungang .

Based on the analysis of GIS spatial analysis technology , landscape pattern analysis and principal component analysis , this paper calculates and simulates the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of land use change in this area through the comprehensive application of GIS spatial analysis technology , landscape pattern analysis and principal component analysis .

Through the above research , the following conclusions can be drawn :

( 1 ) During the 25 years from 1987 to 2012 , the land use status of the coastal zone of LianYungang has changed significantly , and the land use type occupying the dominant position is sea area , salt field , building land and cultivated land ;
The area of sea area has been greatly reduced in recent years ;
The fluctuation of the area of the salt field is large .
The land area of construction land has been greatly increased , a total of 278.93km2 has been increased over the past 25 years , the cultivated land has been greatly reduced , and a total of 188.31 km2 has been reduced in 25 years , and the flow direction of the cultivated land is mainly the construction land .

( 2 ) Through the analysis of landscape pattern change , this paper reveals that there is a great difference between the land use landscape types in the research area in the past 25 years , the non - uniformity of each landscape is increased , the instability is enhanced , the size of the reunion is reduced , the distribution tends to be scattered , the transfer is more frequent , and the influence of human activity on the land use of the study area is constantly strengthened .

( 3 ) By using principal component analysis method , multiple indexes of raw data are transformed into a few comprehensive indexes to analyze the influence of socio - economic factors on land use change in the study area .

( 4 ) In 2002 - 2012 , the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of LianYungang City are in the opposite direction , and the ecological deficit is becoming more and more serious . It is indicated that the development mode of land resource utilization in the coastal zone of the study area needs to be adjusted . The ecological environment construction needs to be strengthened . Meanwhile , the scientific and technological power input for the development of the coastal zone must be increased , the industrial structure of the exploitation and utilization of the coastal zone resources should be adjusted , and the service industry with low resource consumption is greatly developed .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F301;P748

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本文編號(hào)：1841055