【摘要】：濕地是位于陸生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之間的過渡性地帶，它廣泛分布于世界各地，它擁有強大的生態(tài)凈化功能，對生物多樣性的形成有重要的意義，是地球上一個獨特的，功能繁多的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡中扮演著很重要的角色，有“地球之腎”之美譽。野鴨湖濕地自然保護區(qū)是北京的省、市級濕地自然保護區(qū)，是華北地區(qū)最大的，首都北京唯一的一個鳥類濕地自然保護區(qū)。 3S技術(shù)是GPS、RS、GIS三項技術(shù)的統(tǒng)稱。當今社會，3S技術(shù)的集成、綜合應用已經(jīng)日漸深入到多個科學研究領域。3S技術(shù)應用于濕地資源的調(diào)查，濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境監(jiān)測和濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價，，退化濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境恢復與重建以及保護中，是當今國內(nèi)外關于濕地科學研究的前沿領域。 濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價需要反映濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量狀況的空間格局，因此濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的評價會涉及到多種、多層次的環(huán)境因素。層次分析法在多要素、多層次問題的綜合評價分析方面具有獨特的優(yōu)勢，而且3S技術(shù)在空間分析方面又有獨特的強大的功能。因此，將層次分析法與3S技術(shù)相結(jié)合應用于野鴨湖濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價上，便可以充分發(fā)揮二者各自的長處與優(yōu)勢，這樣可以很大程度上提高野鴨湖濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價的效果與水平，也可以更好的服務于退化濕地的生態(tài)環(huán)境恢復與重建工作。 本論文根據(jù)濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價的路線，評價因子與評價子因子獲取的過程和一定的原則，建立了基于3S技術(shù)的野鴨湖濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價分層指標體系，研究了如何利用3S技術(shù)獲取野鴨湖濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)的技術(shù)。利用層次分析法中的求和法對野鴨湖濕地的生態(tài)環(huán)境系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)狀進行了分析與評價，并在對野鴨湖濕地現(xiàn)狀的了解和評價結(jié)果的分析上，對野鴨湖濕地自然生態(tài)保護區(qū)的功能分區(qū)進行了重新規(guī)劃設計，并對已退化了的野鴨湖濕地的恢復和重建工作進行了設計與規(guī)劃。
[Abstract]:Wetland is located in the transitional zone between terrestrial ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem. It is widely distributed all over the world. It has a strong ecological purification function and is of great significance to the formation of biodiversity. It is a unique and diverse ecosystem on the earth. It plays a very important role in the balance of the ecosystem and has the reputation of "the kidney of the earth". Wild Yahu Wetland Nature Reserve is a provincial and municipal wetland nature reserve in Beijing. It is the largest bird wetland nature reserve in North China and the only bird wetland nature reserve in the capital Beijing. 3s technology is the general name of GPS,RS,GIS three technologies. In today's society, the integration and comprehensive application of 3s technology has increasingly penetrated into many scientific research fields. 3s technology is applied to the investigation of wetland resources, wetland ecological environment monitoring and wetland ecological environment quality assessment, restoration and reconstruction of degraded wetland ecological environment and protection, which is the frontier field of wetland scientific research at home and abroad. The evaluation of wetland ecological environment quality needs to reflect the spatial pattern of wetland ecological environment quality, so the evaluation of wetland ecological environment quality will involve a variety of multi-level environmental factors. AHP has unique advantages in the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of multi-element and multi-level problems, and 3s technology has a unique and powerful function in spatial analysis. Therefore, the combination of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and 3s technology in the evaluation of ecological environment quality of wild duck lake wetland can give full play to their respective advantages and advantages, which can greatly improve the effect and level of ecological environment quality assessment of wild duck lake wetland, and can also better serve the restoration and reconstruction of degraded wetland ecological environment. According to the route of wetland ecological environment quality evaluation, the process of obtaining evaluation factors and evaluation sub-factors, and certain principles, this paper establishes a hierarchical index system of wild duck lake wetland ecological environment quality evaluation based on 3s technology, and studies how to use 3s technology to obtain wild duck lake wetland ecological environment data. This paper analyzes and evaluates the present situation of the ecological environment system of the wild duck lake wetland by using the summation method in the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Based on the understanding of the present situation of the wild duck lake wetland and the analysis of the evaluation results, the functional zoning of the wild duck lake wetland natural ecological reserve is replanned and designed, and the restoration and reconstruction of the degraded wild duck lake wetland are designed and planned.
【學位授予單位】：東華理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P228.4;P208;P237;X826

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本文編號：2502057