機載激光雷達(LIDAR)的數(shù)據(jù)處理和山區(qū)脊谷特征提取研究
[Abstract]:Airborne lidar (LIDAR) measurement technology has been widely used in many fields, such as earth science and planetary science, which has been developed gradually since the middle and late of the 20th century. It is a kind of active earth observation system, which is the height collection of laser ranging technology, high dynamic vehicle attitude determination technology and high precision dynamic GPS differential positioning technology. This technology has made a great breakthrough in the real-time acquisition of three-dimensional spatial information. It provides a new technique for acquiring geospatial information with high spatial and temporal resolution. The emergence of airborne LIDAR technology provides a new technique for fast 3D spatial data acquisition. However, it is necessary to deal with these huge amounts of data, lack of discrete point data on the surface of topological information, and also for computing resources. Space storage and so on all put forward the very high request. The research on feature extraction of point cloud data can preserve feature points while data compression, while embedding feature lines in DEM is helpful to data compression and the establishment of high-precision DEM. In this paper, the theory and technological process of airborne LIDAR system and its data post-processing are systematically discussed. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. The development history and related research status of airborne LIDAR technology are reviewed. The characteristics and main application fields of airborne LIDAR technology are summarized. 2. Aiming at the difference of standardized data format in different versions of LIDAR, Based on the detailed analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of the gross error of airborne LIDAR, the coarse difference is transformed into extreme gross error, gross error cluster and isolated point, and a hierarchical gross error elimination method is proposed. The purpose of removing gross error can be achieved. 4. Several common methods of data filtering are reviewed and summarized, which are based on TerraSolid software and combined with the LDS information processing system developed by Fujian remote Sensing Institute. This paper systematically introduces the steps of airborne LIDAR data processing and the production process of DEM. 5. The characteristic line is very helpful to the precision control of DEM. By studying the theory of differential geometry and combining with local polynomial fitting, an algorithm for extracting feature lines from mountain ridges and valleys is proposed.
【學位授予單位】:長安大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:P208;P237
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