本文選題：測(cè)繪工程 + 激光雷達(dá)��； 參考：《河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：眾所周知,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是存在于社會(huì)各領(lǐng)域的一種普遍現(xiàn)象,具有普遍性、客觀性和多變性等特性。風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的客觀存在決定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不能任意的避免或者逃避。風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的發(fā)生會(huì)導(dǎo)致企業(yè)利益受損和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量降低,因而進(jìn)行有效的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理可以降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)生的概率,節(jié)約成本,提高企業(yè)及其附屬產(chǎn)品的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。測(cè)繪工程貫穿于整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)活動(dòng)周期,是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)活動(dòng)中許多大中型建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的基礎(chǔ)性工程。隨著市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和轉(zhuǎn)型,我國(guó)的測(cè)繪事業(yè)正在逐漸進(jìn)行改革和創(chuàng)新,在此過(guò)程中面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也是越來(lái)越多。對(duì)于測(cè)繪工程而言,質(zhì)量決定了企業(yè)的最終發(fā)展規(guī)模及程度,是企業(yè)的生命力和核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。企業(yè)和社會(huì)對(duì)測(cè)繪產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量精度要求很高,精度可達(dá)到厘米級(jí)甚至更小,一旦質(zhì)量精度出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題極有可能導(dǎo)致整個(gè)批次產(chǎn)品不合格,既浪費(fèi)了人力,又浪費(fèi)了物力和財(cái)力。因此測(cè)繪工程自始至終都要重視質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理,將質(zhì)量的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)生概率降到最低。論文充分將質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理理論與工程實(shí)踐相結(jié)合,首先論述了質(zhì)量和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的相關(guān)理論知識(shí),針對(duì)性的介紹了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)等內(nèi)容。然后介紹了高精度數(shù)字地面模型工程項(xiàng)目的工作背景條件和項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過(guò)程,詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了項(xiàng)目數(shù)據(jù)獲取階段(獲取高精度激光點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)和高分航攝影像)和數(shù)據(jù)處理階段(建立數(shù)字表面模型和數(shù)字地面模型)的工作流程,列舉和分析了技術(shù)、人員、設(shè)備和環(huán)境等方面可能存在的質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,使用魚骨圖方法對(duì)上述質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的識(shí)別分析,找到了真正的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素源,然后利用LEC評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),最后制訂了相應(yīng)的控制措施,完成了高精度數(shù)字地面模型工程項(xiàng)目的質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究。相比傳統(tǒng)測(cè)繪工程而言,本項(xiàng)目的工藝先進(jìn),技術(shù)含量高,使用點(diǎn)云制作數(shù)字地面模型可以極大的提高數(shù)據(jù)的精度和質(zhì)量,相信通過(guò)對(duì)質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的分析,可以為未來(lái)測(cè)繪項(xiàng)目提供合理的質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方法,節(jié)省項(xiàng)目成本,提高工作效率,保證項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量,在一定程度上,促進(jìn)我國(guó)測(cè)繪事業(yè)朝著更好的方向發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As we all know, risk is a universal phenomenon in various fields of society, which has the characteristics of universality, objectivity and variability. The objective existence of risk determines that risk can not be avoided or avoided arbitrarily. The occurrence of risk will lead to the loss of enterprise interests and the reduction of product quality. Therefore, effective risk management can reduce the probability of risk occurrence, save costs and improve the competitiveness of enterprises and their affiliated products. Surveying and mapping project runs through the whole cycle of economic construction and is the basic project of many large and medium-sized construction projects in national economic construction activities. With the development and transformation of the market economy, the surveying and mapping undertaking in our country is carrying on the reform and innovation gradually, the risk that faces in this process is also more and more. For surveying and mapping engineering, quality determines the final development scale and degree of enterprises, and is the vitality and core competitiveness of enterprises. Enterprises and society require high quality precision of surveying and mapping products, and the precision can reach centimeter level or even smaller. Once the quality accuracy problem appears, it is very likely to lead to the whole batch product disqualified, which not only wastes manpower, but also wastes material resources and financial resources. So we should pay attention to quality risk management from beginning to end, and reduce the probability of quality risk to the lowest. This paper fully combines the theory of quality risk management with engineering practice. Firstly, it discusses the relevant theoretical knowledge of quality and risk management, and introduces the contents of risk identification, risk assessment, risk response and so on. Then it introduces the background conditions and the implementation process of the high precision digital ground model project. The work flow of project data acquisition stage (obtaining high-precision laser point cloud data and high-resolution aerial photography) and data processing stage (establishing digital surface model and digital ground model) are described in detail. The possible quality risk factors in equipment and environment, using fish bone map method to identify and analyze these quality risk factors, find out the real risk factors, and then use LEC evaluation method to evaluate the quality risk factors. Finally, the corresponding control measures are worked out, and the quality risk management research of the high precision digital ground model project is completed. Compared with the traditional surveying and mapping project, the technology of this project is advanced and the technology content is high. The use of point cloud to make digital ground model can greatly improve the accuracy and quality of the data. It is believed that through the analysis of quality risk management, It can provide reasonable quality risk control method for future surveying and mapping project, save project cost, improve work efficiency, ensure project quality, and to a certain extent, promote the development of surveying and mapping in our country towards better direction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P205

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