本文選題：對(duì)等網(wǎng) + 三維GIS��； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：目前熱門的“數(shù)字地球”實(shí)現(xiàn)了從二維到三維的跨越,使得三維虛擬地球已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)應(yīng)用廣泛的地理信息公共服務(wù)平臺(tái)。由于目前GIS的發(fā)展具有海量數(shù)據(jù)特征,并且其數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)模還在急劇增加,而客戶端受到存儲(chǔ)性能限制,大規(guī)模場景數(shù)據(jù)的需求與用戶可用的存儲(chǔ)空間的矛盾日益嚴(yán)重。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境中,客戶端節(jié)點(diǎn)與服務(wù)器節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的連接速度往往受到網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸和服務(wù)器性能制約,同時(shí)存在客戶端資源的浪費(fèi),因此在三維GIS數(shù)據(jù)場景顯示的整個(gè)過程中數(shù)據(jù)傳輸消耗時(shí)間最長。 對(duì)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Peer to Peer,P2P)雖然不是一項(xiàng)新興的技術(shù),但是不同于傳統(tǒng)集中式模式,是全新的基于對(duì)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)的架構(gòu),非常巧妙的將網(wǎng)絡(luò)中互不直接相連的客戶端節(jié)點(diǎn)聯(lián)系在一起,充分利用客戶端節(jié)點(diǎn)和局部網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸?shù)拈e置資源,將集中式的由服務(wù)器到客戶端的傳輸模式轉(zhuǎn)變成為了無等級(jí)差別的分布式傳輸模式。三維GIS可以利用對(duì)等網(wǎng)技術(shù)顯著提升數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速度從而提升三維引擎性能。但使用對(duì)等網(wǎng)技術(shù)依然存在問題,具體表現(xiàn)在采用對(duì)等網(wǎng)文件共享的數(shù)據(jù)組織模型并不適應(yīng)于三維GIS；離散的數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度策略導(dǎo)致三維GIS數(shù)據(jù)加載順序的隨機(jī)性,從而影響三維GIS渲染效率和用戶體驗(yàn)；GIS緩存更新策略單一未能考慮到對(duì)等網(wǎng)共享。本文結(jié)合對(duì)等網(wǎng)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)三維GIS的優(yōu)化,針對(duì)性的開展對(duì)等網(wǎng)環(huán)境下的三維GIS數(shù)據(jù)組織、傳輸和調(diào)度研究,給出系統(tǒng)、完整的研究成果,從而完善和豐富了將對(duì)等網(wǎng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用于三維GIS的優(yōu)化研究。 論文主要研究內(nèi)容如下： 1.分析基于對(duì)等網(wǎng)技術(shù)的三維GIS優(yōu)化技術(shù)的必要性、可行性以及理論依據(jù),并對(duì)其相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行闡述； 2.根據(jù)對(duì)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)中數(shù)據(jù)傳輸特點(diǎn),研究空間數(shù)據(jù)組織方法,在數(shù)據(jù)分層組織方面提出參考等級(jí)評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制,在數(shù)據(jù)分塊方面分析組織考慮各種數(shù)據(jù)類型特點(diǎn),研究適應(yīng)對(duì)等網(wǎng)傳播的分塊方式,提出參考數(shù)據(jù)量的非均勻四叉樹網(wǎng)格劃分法。 3.分析傳統(tǒng)三維GIS數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)布模式,參考典型對(duì)等網(wǎng)GIS的組織結(jié)構(gòu),研究應(yīng)用于三維GIS的對(duì)等網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的不足,提出優(yōu)化策略：采用了基于WEB服務(wù)的對(duì)等網(wǎng)連接方式；采用混合模式的對(duì)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu),采用基于位置和內(nèi)容的節(jié)點(diǎn)雙向聚類方法分組;對(duì)對(duì)等網(wǎng)功能采用插件模式設(shè)計(jì),提出了基于對(duì)等網(wǎng)和KML的地理空間信息服務(wù)模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)基于對(duì)等網(wǎng)技術(shù)的簡易升級(jí)方法。 4.參考傳統(tǒng)均勻網(wǎng)格數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度方法,提出非均勻網(wǎng)格快速查詢方法。在對(duì)等網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)下載過程中強(qiáng)調(diào)按重要程度實(shí)行分層分塊傳輸,采用下載動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)策略。采用主動(dòng)緩存優(yōu)化技術(shù)和對(duì)等網(wǎng)節(jié)點(diǎn)連接緩存技術(shù)預(yù)讀視點(diǎn)周圍場景數(shù)據(jù),減少場景漫游的數(shù)據(jù)等待時(shí)間：提出基于熱點(diǎn)的主動(dòng)緩存,增加對(duì)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)中數(shù)據(jù)備份量;研究三維GIS緩存更新策略,提高對(duì)等網(wǎng)整體數(shù)據(jù)共享效果。 5.針對(duì)在傳統(tǒng)集中式三維地理空間信息服務(wù)項(xiàng)目的開發(fā)過程中遇到的實(shí)際問題,以三維可視化規(guī)劃管理系統(tǒng)為實(shí)例,提出了基于對(duì)等網(wǎng)技術(shù)的實(shí)驗(yàn)性的改進(jìn),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比集中式與對(duì)等網(wǎng)式架構(gòu)的性能差異,指出基于對(duì)等網(wǎng)技術(shù)三維GIS優(yōu)化策略可行并且用效。并研究非均勻網(wǎng)格數(shù)據(jù)劃分效果,采用仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證節(jié)點(diǎn)分組效果和主動(dòng)緩存效果。
[Abstract]:At present, the popular "Digital Earth" has realized the leap from two-dimensional to three-dimensional, making the 3D virtual earth become a widely used public service platform for geographic information. Since the development of GIS has the characteristics of massive data, and its data scale is still increasing rapidly, and the client is restricted by storage performance and large-scale scene. In the network environment, the speed of the connection between the client node and the server node is often restricted by the network transmission and server performance, and there is a waste of the client resource in the network environment. Therefore, the data transmission consumption is consumed in the whole process of the 3D GIS number according to the scene. The longest time.
Peer to Peer (P2P) is not a new technology, but different from the traditional centralized model, it is a new architecture based on peer-to-peer network. It is very clever to link the non directly connected client nodes in the network together, make full use of the idle resources of the client node and local network, and will be centralized. The transfer mode from the server to the client turns into a distributed transmission mode with no hierarchical difference. The three-dimension GIS can improve the data transmission speed and improve the performance of the 3D engine by the peer-to-peer network technology. However, the use of peer-to-peer technology still has problems, which is manifested in the data organization model of sharing the peer-to-peer file. It does not adapt to 3D GIS; discrete data scheduling strategy leads to the randomness of 3D GIS data loading sequence, thus affecting the efficiency of 3D GIS rendering and user experience; GIS cache update strategy is unconsidered for peer-to-peer sharing. In this paper, P2P technology is used to optimize the 3D GIS and to carry out peer to peer environment. The next three dimensional GIS data organization, transmission and scheduling research, the system, the complete research results, thus improving and enriching the application of peer-to-peer technology to 3D GIS optimization research.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
1. analyze the necessity, feasibility and theoretical basis of 3D GIS optimization technology based on P2P technology, and elaborate its related concepts.
2. according to the characteristics of data transmission in the peer-to-peer network, the method of spatial data organization is studied, and the reference level evaluation mechanism is put forward in the data stratification organization. In the aspect of data partition, the organization takes into account the characteristics of various data types, and studies the partitioned mode adapting to the peer-to-peer network propagation, and puts forward the non uniform four fork tree mesh division method for the reference data.
3. analyze the distribution pattern of traditional 3D GIS data, refer to the organization structure of the typical P2P GIS, and study the deficiency of the peer-to-peer network architecture used in 3D GIS. The optimization strategy is put forward: using the peer-to-peer connection method based on WEB services, using the mixed mode peer-to-peer network architecture, and adopting the bidirectional clustering of nodes based on location and content. The method is divided into groups, and the function of peer-to-peer network is designed by the plug-in model. A geospatial information service model based on peer-to-peer network and KML is proposed, and a simple upgrading method based on peer-to-peer network technology is realized.
4. based on the traditional uniform grid data scheduling method, a fast query method for non-uniform grid is proposed. In the process of data downloading of peer-to-peer network, it emphasizes the implementation of hierarchical and partitioned transmission according to the importance, and adopts the dynamic coordination strategy of downloading. The active cache optimization technique and the peer to peer connection cache technology are used to preview the scene data around the view point, and the data are reduced. The data waiting time for scene roaming: an active cache based on hot spot is proposed to increase the amount of data backup in the P2P network, and the three dimensional GIS cache updating strategy is studied to improve the overall data sharing effect of P2P.
5. in view of the actual problems encountered in the development of the traditional centralized three-dimensional geospatial information service project, the experimental improvement based on peer-to-peer network technology is proposed with the three-dimensional visualization planning management system. The performance difference between the centralized and the peer-to-peer network architecture is compared through experiments, and the three dimensional GI based on P2P technology is pointed out. The S optimization strategy is feasible and effective. It also studies the data partitioning effect of heterogeneous grids, and uses simulation experiments to verify the effect of node grouping and active caching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208

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