本文選題：近實時野外測量 + 移動GIS　； 參考：《武漢大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在巨大商業(yè)利益有效驅動移動技術發(fā)展,移動端應用的優(yōu)勢被廣泛認可的今天,移動GIS已經成為GIS中的一個重要部分。嵌入式全球導航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(GNSS)和各種移動設備的無線通信裝置的興起,也吸引了各方的興趣。通過有效實現在不同級別空間活動下移動設備的集成,移動GIS經常被用于野外測量與實地調察工作�？紤]到工作人員在地面控制點采集,采集用來驗證的地面實況數據,以及動植物分類等過程中都需要野外數據,野外數據的收集顯得尤為關鍵。相較于其他傳統(tǒng)方法,移動GIS具有在較低的成本下快速獲取瞬時數據流的明顯優(yōu)勢。然而野外考察項目的多樣性與獨特性等都為移動解決方案的設計,實施和支持帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。目前,大多數的野外移動測量系統(tǒng)雖然可以實現數據的高效獲取,卻未能很好地滿足數據兼容性、互操作等需求。為了實現對野外測量數據的實時傳輸,本文設計了一個可以對數據進行近實時傳輸,并有效滿足互操作、兼容性和多功能需要的系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)實現了一個支持多種OGC服務的空間數據基礎設施(SDI)和一個用于近實時野外測量的移動應用。通過移動端的應用可為該系統(tǒng)提供較高水平的兼容性和通用性,并且能夠解決多種野外的環(huán)境約束問題。此外,該系統(tǒng)借助于免費和開源軟件(FOSS)組件以較低成本實現了開發(fā)。而開源使得該系統(tǒng)軟件具有很強的競爭力,能在許多情況下代替商業(yè)軟件。為了選擇出系統(tǒng)的最佳工具和組件,本文在實現這樣的系統(tǒng)的過程中包括一些調查和評估工作。如對地圖服務器進行評估,選擇出最合適的服務器端組件;對網絡制圖和移動制圖框架進行評估和選型,使其能夠滿足大多數應用的需求。該野外測量方案被編成Android應用程序,并已在武漢大學信息學部室外進行了多項數據采集測試。系統(tǒng)設計多個傳感器來收集數據,包括采集位置信息的GNSS接收器,采集圖像信息的照相機和采集音頻信息的麥克風,并將其與輸入的文本信息相結合作為屬性。通過使用蜂窩網絡可以將收集到的數據瞬時傳輸到服務器,從而實現對傳輸數據近乎實時地可視化。本文提出的解決方案之所以優(yōu)于現有的大多數移動現場測量解決方案,主要是從兩個方面來提高數據的采集能力。一方面,本文方案利用無線通信實現了瞬時傳輸數據的采集,這使得該方案在許多場景下尤其是災害管理等,占據至關重要的地位。另一方面,本文方案以標準化的地理空間格式對數據進行存儲,操作和傳輸,能夠更方便地與其他地理空間服務協(xié)同,從而鼓勵了利益相關者的協(xié)作,也降低了部署成本。
[Abstract]:With the development of mobile technology driven by huge commercial interests and the advantages of mobile applications, mobile GIS has become an important part of GIS.The rise of embedded global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and wireless communication devices for various mobile devices has also attracted interest.Mobile GIS is often used in field survey and field monitoring by effectively realizing the integration of mobile devices at different levels of space activities.Considering that field data are needed in the process of staff collecting ground control points, collecting ground real data for verification, and classification of animals and plants, the collection of field data is particularly critical.Compared with other traditional methods, mobile GIS has the obvious advantage of fast obtaining instantaneous data stream at lower cost.However, the diversity and uniqueness of field exploration projects pose challenges to the design, implementation and support of mobile solutions.At present, most field mobile measurement systems can achieve efficient data acquisition, but they can not meet the requirements of data compatibility, interoperability and so on.In order to realize the real-time transmission of field measurement data, this paper designs a system which can transmit the data in near real time and meet the requirements of interoperability, compatibility and multifunction.The system implements a spatial data infrastructure supporting multiple OGC services (SDI) and a mobile application for near-real-time field measurements.The application of mobile terminal can provide a high level of compatibility and versatility for the system, and can solve various environmental constraints in the field.In addition, the system is developed with the help of free and open source software (FOSS) components at lower cost.Open source makes the system software competitive and can replace commercial software in many cases.In order to select the best tools and components of the system, this paper includes some investigation and evaluation work in the process of implementing such a system.For example, the map server is evaluated to select the most suitable server-side components, and the network cartography and mobile cartographic framework are evaluated and selected to meet the needs of most applications.The field measurement program has been programmed into a Android application program and has been tested outdoors by the Department of Information Science of Wuhan University.The system designs several sensors to collect data, including a GNSS receiver for collecting position information, a camera for collecting image information and a microphone for collecting audio information, and combines them with input text information as attributes.By using cellular network, the collected data can be transiently transmitted to the server, so that the transmission data can be visualized almost in real time.The solution proposed in this paper is superior to most of the existing mobile field measurement solutions, mainly from two aspects to improve the ability of data acquisition.On the one hand, the scheme uses wireless communication to realize instantaneous data acquisition, which makes the scheme play an important role in many scenarios, especially in disaster management.On the other hand, the scheme uses standardized geospatial format to store, operate and transfer data, which can facilitate collaboration with other geospatial services, thus encouraging the cooperation of stakeholders and reducing deployment costs.
【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP311.52;P228.4

【相似文獻】

相關重要報紙文章 前1條

1 張建華;全新動態(tài)平臺可在線近實時監(jiān)測森林[N];中國綠色時報;2014年

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 OULD SLIMANE Hamza;基于移動設備的近實時野外測量系統(tǒng)設計與開發(fā)[D];武漢大學;2017年

，

本文編號：1764039