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  本文選題：數字攝影測量　切入點：車輛荷載作用　出處：《廣州大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：橋梁結構健康狀態(tài)監(jiān)測是橋梁運營維護中非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。橋梁撓度和位移是評價橋梁結構健康狀態(tài)最基本的兩個指標。而現有測量方法中有的測量方法需要大量的人工操作來獲取橋梁結構的位移和撓度變形；有的則精度達不到橋梁結構動態(tài)監(jiān)測的要求。所以，目前大多數橋梁結構健康監(jiān)測基本未實現長期實時動態(tài)監(jiān)測。研究其原因發(fā)現，造成現在橋梁未能實現長期實時動態(tài)監(jiān)測的重要原因就是目前絕大多數測量手段存在先天性不足，難以進行橋梁結構的實時動態(tài)監(jiān)測。本文采用了基于數字攝影測量技術原理的測量方法對平潭海峽大橋結構進行了長期實時監(jiān)測，取得較為理想的結果。為橋梁結構長期實時動態(tài)監(jiān)測找到了一種可靠的手段，，具有非常重要的現實意義。 本文先介紹了基于數字攝影測量技術的橋梁位移或撓度測量的技術特點等，再結合工程應用——平潭海峽大橋主梁結構變形監(jiān)測項目，運用基于數字攝影測量技術原理的多通道式遠程微動測量系統(tǒng)對平潭海峽大橋主橋結構在車輛荷載作用下的響應進行實時動態(tài)觀測。首先，通過分析不同荷載作用下平潭海峽大橋主梁結構豎直方向位移變化，總結出平潭海峽大橋主橋結構在車輛荷載作用下的撓度變化規(guī)律。然后，通過橋梁結構在車荷載作用下的響應分析了橋梁結構的沖擊系數指標，并將測得的沖擊系數與《JDG D60-2004公路橋涵設計通用規(guī)范》中對沖擊系數的要求進行對比，評估了平潭海峽大橋結構健康狀態(tài)。最后，還給出了車輛荷載作用下的橋梁結構響應撓度曲線、水平方向位移時程曲線、加速度譜等進一步說明該橋梁結構在車輛荷載作用下的動力響應特征。 最后研究結果表明：基于數字攝影測量技術原理的平潭海峽大橋主梁變形監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)為橋梁健康狀態(tài)的評估提供了精準可靠的依據，也說明這種基于數字攝影測量技術的橋梁健康監(jiān)測新方法能夠滿足橋梁結構健康監(jiān)測的要求，適合大跨度橋梁結構變形長期實時動態(tài)監(jiān)測，為橋梁長期監(jiān)測提供了一種便捷、精準的方法，具有極高的工程推廣價值。
[Abstract]:Bridge structure health monitoring is a very important link in bridge operation and maintenance. Bridge deflection and displacement are the two most basic indexes to evaluate bridge structure health. The displacement and deflection of bridge structure can be obtained by manual operation. Some of them can not meet the requirements of bridge structure dynamic monitoring. Therefore, most of the bridge structure health monitoring has not realized the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring. The main reason why the bridge is unable to realize the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring is that most of the current measurement methods are inherently inadequate. It is difficult to carry out real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge structure. In this paper, based on the principle of digital photogrammetry, the structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge is monitored in real time. It is of great practical significance to find a reliable method for the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge structure. This paper first introduces the technical characteristics of bridge displacement or deflection measurement based on digital photogrammetry, and then combines the engineering application of the main girder structure deformation monitoring project of Pingtan Strait Bridge. The multichannel remote fretting measurement system based on the principle of digital photogrammetry is used to observe the response of the main bridge structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge under vehicle load. By analyzing the vertical displacement change of the main beam structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge under different loads, the deflection of the main bridge structure under vehicle load is summarized. According to the response of bridge structure under vehicle load, the impact coefficient index of bridge structure is analyzed, and the measured impact coefficient is compared with the requirement of impact coefficient in JDG D60-2004 highway bridge and culvert design general code. The structural health state of Pingtan Strait Bridge is evaluated. Finally, the deflection curve of bridge structure and the time history curve of horizontal displacement under vehicle load are given. The acceleration spectrum further explains the dynamic response of the bridge structure under vehicle loads. The results show that the deformation monitoring system of the main girder of Pingtan Strait Bridge based on the principle of digital photogrammetry provides an accurate and reliable basis for the evaluation of bridge health. It also shows that the new method of bridge health monitoring based on digital photogrammetry can meet the requirements of bridge structure health monitoring, and it is suitable for the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring of the deformation of long-span bridge structures, which provides a convenient method for the long-term monitoring of bridges. The accurate method has the extremely high engineering promotion value.
【學位授予單位】：廣州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U446;P231.5

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