本文選題：單頻　切入點(diǎn)：多徑　出處：《國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：BDS目前只公布了B1頻點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù),因此民用BDS接收機(jī)均是單頻接收機(jī),GPS民用接收機(jī)也以單頻接收機(jī)為主。單頻接收機(jī)在定位精度、穩(wěn)定度等方面很難與雙頻甚至三頻接收機(jī)相比,為提高定位精度,需要對(duì)單頻接收機(jī)定位精度提高辦法進(jìn)行研究。本文首先分析了偽距觀測(cè)值誤差特性及誤差抑制方法,然后從提高觀測(cè)值精度和優(yōu)化定位算法兩個(gè)方面研究了提高單頻定位精度的方法。本文主要內(nèi)容包括三個(gè)方面:第一,偽距觀測(cè)值誤差特性及誤差抑制方法。與GPS系統(tǒng)星座不同,我國(guó)BDS系統(tǒng)星座為GEO,MEO,IGSO三種衛(wèi)星組成的混合星座。針對(duì)BDS的這一特性,利用實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)分析了不同類型衛(wèi)星的觀測(cè)值誤差特點(diǎn),著重研究了偽距多徑誤差特性,實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)表明:IGSO與MEO偽距觀測(cè)值多徑誤差表現(xiàn)出相近特性,GEO衛(wèi)星偽距觀測(cè)值多徑誤差表現(xiàn)出慢變特性。第二,穿刺點(diǎn)周圍格網(wǎng)點(diǎn)部分不可用時(shí)的電離層延遲修正方法。格網(wǎng)電離層修正是一種精度較高的單頻電離層延遲修正方法,廣泛應(yīng)用于廣域差分系統(tǒng)。由于通信故障、誤碼等原因?qū)е陆邮諜C(jī)接收的部分格網(wǎng)信息不可用,傳統(tǒng)垂直電離層延遲的計(jì)算方法在電離層發(fā)生劇烈變化時(shí)會(huì)引入較大誤差。針對(duì)這一問題,提出了基于部分格網(wǎng)信息不可用時(shí)的電離層修正方法,并在實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行仿真,仿真結(jié)果表明,該方法提高了穿刺點(diǎn)周圍格網(wǎng)點(diǎn)信息部分不可用時(shí)的電離層延遲修正精度。最后,利用實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)基于格網(wǎng)電離層延遲修正的廣域差分定位性能進(jìn)行評(píng)估,并與不使用廣域差分信息且利用模型法修正電離層延遲定位結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,結(jié)果表明:基于格網(wǎng)電離層延遲修正的廣域差分定位定位結(jié)果明顯優(yōu)于其它幾組定位結(jié)果。第三,基于觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)融合的抗差卡爾曼濾波定位技術(shù)。偽距觀測(cè)值誤差較大,且受到干擾時(shí)可能含有較大粗差,容易導(dǎo)致卡爾曼濾波定位結(jié)果發(fā)散。針對(duì)這一問題,提出基于載波平滑偽距的卡爾曼濾波技術(shù)。實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)表明,該方法可以增加卡爾曼濾波對(duì)誤差(尤其是偽距粗差)的抑制能力,抑制卡爾曼濾波發(fā)散;為充分利用單頻接收機(jī)觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),提高定位精度,對(duì)經(jīng)典卡爾曼濾波觀測(cè)方程進(jìn)行改進(jìn),提出了基于數(shù)據(jù)融合的濾波解算技術(shù),實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)表明:該方法提高了單頻接收機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)利用率,提高了非急轉(zhuǎn)彎情況下濾波解算定位精度。
[Abstract]:At present, BDS only publishes B1 frequency data, so civil BDS receivers are mainly single-frequency receivers. It is difficult for single-frequency receivers to compare with dual-frequency or even three-frequency receivers in positioning accuracy and stability. In order to improve the positioning accuracy, it is necessary to study the method of improving the positioning accuracy of single frequency receiver. Firstly, the error characteristics of pseudo-range observation value and the method of error suppression are analyzed in this paper. Then, the methods of improving the accuracy of single frequency location are studied from two aspects: improving the precision of observation value and optimizing the localization algorithm. The main contents of this paper include three aspects: first, Error characteristics of pseudo-range observations and error suppression methods. Unlike GPS system constellations, China's BDS system constellations are mixed constellations composed of three kinds of satellites, GEOMEOOIGSO. In view of this characteristic of BDS, The characteristics of observation errors of different types of satellites are analyzed by using the measured data, and the characteristics of pseudo-range multipath errors are emphatically studied. The measured data show that the multipath error of the pseudo-range observation value of MEO and that of the MEO pseudo-range shows similar characteristics. The multipath error of the pseudo-range observation value of GEO satellite shows the characteristic of slow variation. The correction method of ionospheric delay is a high precision single frequency ionospheric delay correction method, which is widely used in wide area differential system. Because of error code and other reasons, some grid information received by receiver is not available. The traditional calculation method of vertical ionospheric delay will introduce large error when the ionosphere changes dramatically. An ionospheric correction method based on the non-availability of partial grid information is proposed and simulated on the basis of measured data. The simulation results show that, This method improves the accuracy of ionospheric delay correction when the information of the grid dot around the puncture point is not available. Finally, the wide area differential location performance based on the grid ionospheric delay correction is evaluated by using the measured data. The results are compared with the results of correction of ionospheric delay location using model method without using wide area differential information. The results show that the results of wide area differential positioning based on grid ionospheric delay correction are obviously superior to those of other groups. Third, Robust Kalman filter location technology based on observation data fusion. The error of pseudo-range observation value is large, and there may be a large gross error when it is disturbed, which can easily lead to the divergence of Kalman filter location results. The Kalman filtering technique based on carrier smoothing pseudo-range is proposed. The measured data show that the proposed method can increase the ability of Kalman filtering to suppress the error (especially the gross error of pseudo-range) and restrain the divergence of Kalman filter. In order to make full use of the observation data of single frequency receiver and improve the positioning accuracy, the classical Kalman filter observation equation is improved, and the filtering solution technology based on data fusion is proposed. The measured data show that this method can improve the data utilization ratio of single frequency receiver and improve the accuracy of filtering and positioning in the case of non-sharp turning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P228.4

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 姬生月,歐吉坤,柳林濤;一種適合于單頻接收機(jī)快速模糊數(shù)求解的新方法[J];武漢測(cè)繪科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2000年02期

2 謝世杰;;諾瓦泰—第三代GPS單頻接收機(jī)[J];測(cè)繪科技通訊;1995年02期

3 謝世杰;諾瓦泰──第三代GPS單頻接收機(jī)[J];四川測(cè)繪;1995年02期

4 謝世杰;諾瓦泰——第三代GPS單頻接收機(jī)[J];黑龍江測(cè)繪;1995年03期

5 王福東,高發(fā)光;GPS單頻接收機(jī)在長(zhǎng)輸管道測(cè)量中的應(yīng)用[J];油氣儲(chǔ)運(yùn);1996年02期

6 李志新,張小雯,徐衛(wèi)東;JAVAD GPS接收機(jī)在�？販y(cè)量的應(yīng)用[J];海洋測(cè)繪;2001年01期

7 劉軍,賀衛(wèi)中;常州市西環(huán)二路GPS網(wǎng)Ashtech、Leica接收機(jī)聯(lián)合觀測(cè)及平差方法探討[J];江蘇測(cè)繪;2002年S1期

8 汪順喜;;基于CORS的單頻接收機(jī)反演大氣水汽方法研究[J];山西建筑;2012年18期

9 謝世杰;GN8型GPS單頻接收機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介[J];石油物探裝備;1996年02期

10 史國(guó)宏;蔡兆殿;;關(guān)于靜態(tài)GPS在定向鉆孔中應(yīng)用的探討[J];科學(xué)咨詢(決策管理);2009年12期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李朋;衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)單頻定位技術(shù)研究[D];國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號(hào)：1679569