本文關(guān)鍵詞： 無(wú)人機(jī) 堆狀體 數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量 空三加密　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：企業(yè)為了保證連續(xù)生產(chǎn)和運(yùn)營(yíng),需要存儲(chǔ)一定數(shù)量的原料,大量原料的堆積會(huì)形成規(guī)模較大的不規(guī)則堆狀體。大型堆積物料體測(cè)量技術(shù)為相關(guān)能源企業(yè)的庫(kù)存量管理提供必要的信息,對(duì)于維護(hù)安全庫(kù)存量和降低庫(kù)存成本有著重要的意義。企業(yè)堆放物料面積通常都可達(dá)上百公頃,企業(yè)需要對(duì)的庫(kù)存量以及出入庫(kù)情況進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)從而加以控制。對(duì)庫(kù)存量進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)是企業(yè)在生產(chǎn)管理的一個(gè)重要的組成部分。因此,企業(yè)急需測(cè)繪比較容易且不會(huì)干擾到企業(yè)常規(guī)生產(chǎn)流程的一種全自動(dòng)、高精度、高效率、低成本的堆狀體測(cè)量系統(tǒng)。近年來(lái)無(wú)人機(jī)技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展,其全自動(dòng)、便捷性、高效性等的特點(diǎn)日益突出,在測(cè)繪領(lǐng)域也得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文運(yùn)用無(wú)人機(jī)低空攝影測(cè)量技術(shù)理論、無(wú)人機(jī)影像成圖關(guān)鍵技術(shù)、堆狀體測(cè)量系統(tǒng)方案作為指導(dǎo),進(jìn)行基于無(wú)人機(jī)堆狀體測(cè)量的可行性分析。其次結(jié)合項(xiàng)目研究需要,共設(shè)計(jì)了五種不同的布設(shè)方案進(jìn)行空三像控點(diǎn)布設(shè)試驗(yàn)。分別對(duì)空三加密作業(yè)后已設(shè)計(jì)的五種布設(shè)方案的平差結(jié)果進(jìn)行精度的分析研究,得出最佳布設(shè)方案。結(jié)合銅川某電廠煤堆體進(jìn)行無(wú)人機(jī)低空攝影測(cè)量試驗(yàn)。通過(guò)對(duì)該煤堆體的量測(cè),完成對(duì)該測(cè)區(qū)的影像成果的制作并進(jìn)行成圖精度對(duì)比分析。從而驗(yàn)證了基于無(wú)人機(jī)堆狀體航空攝影測(cè)量的這一課題的實(shí)用性、高效性、可行性和未來(lái)巨大的發(fā)展?jié)摿�。本文通過(guò)空三像控點(diǎn)布設(shè)試驗(yàn)解決了堆狀體中間區(qū)域像控點(diǎn)難布設(shè)的問(wèn)題。針對(duì)堆狀體不規(guī)則特性利用數(shù)字?jǐn)z影技術(shù)獲取數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的生成建立三維空間模型,對(duì)堆狀體進(jìn)行量算。結(jié)合無(wú)人機(jī)堆狀體測(cè)量可行性分析與銅川某電廠煤堆體測(cè)量精度分析,最后提出了基于無(wú)人機(jī)、數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量和慣性導(dǎo)航技術(shù)的大型堆狀體測(cè)量系統(tǒng)解決方案,從而為以后的生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐提供有力的參考意義和研究?jī)r(jià)值。該方案在大地測(cè)繪、國(guó)土資源、救災(zāi)防護(hù)中都有推廣應(yīng)用的前景。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure continuous production and operation, enterprises need to store a certain amount of raw materials. A large amount of raw materials will form a large amount of irregular heaps. The measurement technology of large bulk materials provides the necessary information for the inventory management of related energy enterprises. It is of great significance to maintain the safe inventory and reduce the cost of inventory. The area of materials stacked in enterprises is usually up to hundreds of hectares. Enterprises need to monitor the inventory and the situation in and out of the warehouse in real time to control the inventory. The inventory statistics is an important part of the production management of the enterprise. Enterprise is in urgent need of mapping easy and will not interfere with the enterprise routine production process of a fully automatic, high precision, high efficiency, low cost of pile measurement system. In recent years, UAV technology has developed rapidly, its automatic. The characteristics of convenience and efficiency have become increasingly prominent and have been widely used in the field of surveying and mapping. In this paper, the key technology of UAV image mapping is based on the theory of low-altitude photogrammetry of UAV. Under the guidance of the stacks measurement system scheme, the feasibility analysis based on UAV stacks measurement is carried out. Secondly, combined with the research needs of the project. A total of five different layout schemes were designed to carry out the space three image control point placement test. The accuracy of the adjustment results of the five kinds of layout schemes designed after the air three encryption operation were analyzed and studied respectively. The optimal layout scheme is obtained. The low altitude photogrammetry test of UAV is carried out by combining the coal mass of a power plant in Tongchuan. The measurement of the coal mass is carried out. The image results of this area are made and the accuracy of mapping is compared and analyzed, which verifies the practicability and efficiency of this subject based on aerial photogrammetry of pilotless aircraft. The feasibility and great development potential in the future. This paper solves the problem of difficult placement of image control points in the middle region of heaps by means of space tri-image control point placement test. Digital photography is used to obtain data entry in view of the irregular characteristics of heaps. The generation of line point cloud data establishes a three-dimensional spatial model. Combined with the feasibility analysis of UAV stacks measurement and the analysis of measurement accuracy of coal heaps in a power plant in Tongchuan, a UAV based on UAV is put forward. The solution of digital photogrammetry and inertial navigation technology for large-scale stacks measurement system, thus providing a powerful reference and research value for future production practice. This scheme is used in geodesy, land and resources. There is a prospect of popularization and application in disaster relief and protection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P231

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