發(fā)布時間：2019-06-05 03:53

【摘要】：危巖體崩塌是一種嚴重的全球性的山地地質(zhì)災害問題。危巖體崩塌具有廣泛性、快速性、隱蔽性、強致災破壞性等基本特性。隨著人類生存空間的不斷擴展和工程建設的不斷擴張，使落石崩塌災害呈現(xiàn)出日趨嚴峻的趨勢，對人類生命財產(chǎn)安全造成的威脅也越來越嚴重。因此正確、及時地對危巖體的形成因由、影響因素和發(fā)展條件、危巖體分類及變形失穩(wěn)模式、危巖體的穩(wěn)定性分析計算、崩塌落石的運動特征、崩塌落石工程防治措施進行研究，具有較高的學術價值和工程實踐指導意義。 本論文以韓國濟州島西歸浦市山房山東南側山體邊坡危巖體為研究對象，以山房山東南側山下環(huán)島8號公路沿線(長度約700米的區(qū)間)為研究區(qū)域，在以下幾個方面進行了系統(tǒng)深入的研究： (1)通過大量的現(xiàn)場調(diào)查和對前期資料的整理分析，認識研究區(qū)的地形地貌、地層巖性、地質(zhì)構造、水文地質(zhì)條件、氣候特征及植被特征等，了解研究區(qū)所處的特定工程地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件，找出影響研究區(qū)產(chǎn)生危巖崩塌的主要影響因子，為后續(xù)的研究工作提供基礎的研究信息。 (2)使用現(xiàn)場勘查與三維激光掃描技術相結合的調(diào)查手段，統(tǒng)計山房山危巖體的分布范圍、大小、數(shù)量、形態(tài)特征等。由于存在部分危巖體處在高陡邊坡甚至是懸崖之上，人工勘察困難，三維激光掃描儀對危巖體分布范圍進行三維激光掃描，可獲得危巖體分布的空間三維數(shù)據(jù)，如危巖體的位置、高程、分布范圍等，及一些主要危巖塊體相應結構面特征，對山房山危巖體進行了詳細的統(tǒng)計研究。對統(tǒng)計的危巖體的形成因素和發(fā)育特征進行分析，詳細掌握了危巖體發(fā)育影響因素和變形失穩(wěn)模式并對其分類。 (3)對山房山危巖體的主要巖體結構面進行了統(tǒng)計，繪制了施密特等密度線圖，并對三個研究區(qū)間ZONE1、ZONE2、ZONE3邊坡巖體采用赤平投影法分析其穩(wěn)定性。明確危巖體的物理力學參數(shù)、結構面特征和邊界條件等，對重點危巖體運用離散元分析軟件UDEC進行數(shù)值模擬，分析其在降雨條件下的穩(wěn)定性。通過對危巖體在裂隙水作用下的影響模擬，說明在持續(xù)降雨或暴雨條件下，危巖體中裂隙水不斷滲透，使得主控結構面擴張，危巖穩(wěn)定性降低發(fā)生位移，進而會導致落石災害發(fā)生。對于危巖體穩(wěn)定性的分析與模擬，為以后進行對于危巖體監(jiān)測及預警預報提供參考依據(jù)。 (4)運用Rockfall數(shù)值分析軟件，建立研究區(qū)內(nèi)的崩塌落石的運動模型，，模擬落石運動軌跡，滑落距離、沖擊能量等，可確定危巖體的最遠滾落位置，危害范圍和到達公路時的沖擊能量，為后續(xù)的防護措施提供依據(jù)。 (5)對危巖體的各類防護體系：主動防護體系、被動防護體系和主動-被動聯(lián)合防護體系進行闡述，提出針對山房山危巖體相應的經(jīng)濟有效的防護治理建議，如修筑公路防護落石棚、采用SNS柔性防護體系等。
[Abstract]:The collapse of dangerous rock mass is a serious global mountain geological disaster problem. The collapse of dangerous rock mass has the basic characteristics of universality, rapidity, concealment, strong disaster and destruction. With the continuous expansion of human living space and the continuous expansion of engineering construction, the disaster of falling stone is becoming more and more serious, and the threat to the safety of human life and property is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is correct and timely to analyze the cause of formation, influencing factors and development conditions of dangerous rock mass, classification and deformation instability mode of dangerous rock mass, stability analysis and calculation of dangerous rock mass, movement characteristics of collapse and falling rock. The research on the prevention and control measures of collapse and rock caving project has high academic value and engineering practice guiding significance. In this paper, the dangerous rock mass on the south side of Shandong mountain slope in Xiguipu City, Jizhou Island, South Korea, is taken as the research object, and the dangerous rock mass along the Shanxia Ring Island Highway 8 in the south side of Shanfang, Shandong Province (about 700 meters in length) is taken as the research area. A systematic and in-depth study has been carried out in the following aspects: (1) through a large number of field investigations and the collation and analysis of the previous data, the topography and geomorphology, strata lithology, geological structure and hydrogeological conditions of the study area have been understood. Climate characteristics and vegetation characteristics, understand the specific engineering geological environment conditions in the study area, find out the main influencing factors that affect the dangerous rock collapse in the study area, and provide basic research information for the follow-up research work. (2) the distribution range, size, quantity and morphological characteristics of Shanfangshan dangerous rock mass are counted by means of field investigation and three-dimensional laser scanning technology. Because some dangerous rock masses are located on high and steep slopes or even cliffs, it is difficult to investigate manually. Three-dimensional laser scanning of dangerous rock mass distribution range can be carried out by three-dimensional laser scanner, and the spatial three-dimensional data of dangerous rock mass distribution can be obtained. For example, the position, elevation and distribution range of dangerous rock mass, as well as the corresponding structural plane characteristics of some main dangerous rock blocks, the dangerous rock mass in Shanfangshan is statistically studied in detail. The forming factors and development characteristics of dangerous rock mass are analyzed, and the influencing factors and deformation instability model of dangerous rock mass are mastered in detail and classified. (3) the main rock mass structural planes of Shanfangshan dangerous rock mass are counted, the Schmitt isodensity diagram is drawn, and the stability of ZONE1,ZONE2,ZONE3 slope rock mass in three research areas is analyzed by red plane projection method. The physical and mechanical parameters, structural plane characteristics and boundary conditions of dangerous rock mass are clarified, and the numerical simulation of key dangerous rock mass is carried out by using discrete element analysis software UDEC, and its stability under rainfall condition is analyzed. Through the simulation of the influence of dangerous rock mass under the action of fracture water, it is shown that under the condition of continuous rainfall or rainstorm, the fracture water in dangerous rock mass permeates continuously, which makes the main control structure plane expand and the stability of dangerous rock decreases to occur displacement. In turn, it will lead to the occurrence of rock falling disaster. The analysis and simulation of the stability of dangerous rock mass provides a reference for the monitoring and early warning prediction of dangerous rock mass in the future. (4) by using Rockfall numerical analysis software, the motion model of caving rock in the study area is established, and the farthest rolling position of dangerous rock mass can be determined by simulating the trajectory of falling rock, sliding distance, impact energy and so on. The damage range and the impact energy when arriving on the highway provide the basis for the follow-up protective measures. (5) all kinds of protection systems of dangerous rock mass, such as active protection system, passive protection system and active-passive joint protection system, are described, and the corresponding economic and effective protection and treatment suggestions for dangerous rock mass in Shanfangshan are put forward. Such as the construction of highway protection stone shed, the use of SNS flexible protection system and so on.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.21

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