【摘要】：湖盆濁積巖多發(fā)育在深湖、半深湖環(huán)境中,具有良好的生儲蓋條件,易形成儲量豐度比較高的巖性油氣藏,是目前我國東部老油區(qū)滾動勘探開發(fā)的重點目標。但由于濁積巖具有砂體規(guī)模小、變化大、非均質(zhì)性強等特點,勘探難度大,開發(fā)難度大。因此,通過湖盆濁積巖的成因分類,深入研究不同類型濁積巖的沉積特征,解剖砂體構型單元,提出相應的建模方法,為尋找濁積巖油藏以及提高油氣采收率提供理論依據(jù)。論文分析了湖盆濁積巖的形成條件、沉積背景與油氣富集規(guī)律。依據(jù)成因構造將湖相盆地劃分為箕狀斷陷型、坳陷型、前陸型和地塹型四種類型。根據(jù)濁積巖的沉積部位、成因以及湖盆類型的不同,將湖盆濁積巖劃分為六類:陡坡型濁積巖、緩坡型濁積巖、斷階型濁積巖、斷槽型濁積巖、湖底扇、風暴濁積巖。通過對渤海灣盆地的岐口油田、高升油田、綏中油田與松遼盆地的英臺油田地質(zhì)資料的深入研究,從沉積背景、沉積機制、巖性特征、沉積構造、測井相、地震相等方面,詳細解剖了陡坡型、緩坡型、斷階型與斷槽型濁積巖的沉積特征。細分了各類濁積巖的沉積微相,分析了各微相的巖性組合、沉積序列以及砂體空間形態(tài)特征。建立了不同類型濁積巖的沉積模式和演化規(guī)律。根據(jù)生儲蓋組合條件,分析了各類濁積巖對油氣的控制作用。通過分析綏中、英臺、岐口和高升四個油田的濁積砂體幾何參數(shù),建立了不同類型濁積巖砂體長度、寬度、面積與最大厚度之間的關系,統(tǒng)計結果顯示砂體長寬比從大到小依次為:斷槽型、陡坡型、緩坡型、斷階型。針對不同類型濁積巖提出了相應的地質(zhì)建模方法,依據(jù)油田資料,建立了陡坡型、緩坡型、斷階型和斷槽型濁積巖的三維地質(zhì)模型,客觀真實地反映出了濁積巖的巖相及孔、滲、飽屬性的空間展布特征,對湖盆濁積巖油藏的進一步開發(fā)提供了充分的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The turbidite in lake basin is mostly developed in deep lake and semi-deep lake environment. It is easy to form lithologic oil and gas reservoirs with high reserves, which is the key target of rolling exploration and development in the old oil area in eastern China. However, turbidite is difficult to explore and develop because of its small scale, large change and strong heterogeneity. Therefore, through the genetic classification of turbidite in the lake basin, the sedimentary characteristics of different types of turbidite are deeply studied, the structural units of sand body are dissected, and the corresponding modeling method is put forward, which provides a theoretical basis for finding turbidite reservoirs and improving oil and gas recovery. The forming conditions, sedimentary background and hydrocarbon enrichment of turbidite in lake basin are analyzed in this paper. The lacustrine basin is divided into four types according to the genetic structure: dustpan type, depression type, Foreland type and graben type. According to the sedimentary position, origin and type of lake basin, the turbidite of lake basin is divided into six types: steep slope turbidite, gentle slope turbidite, fault terrace turbidite, fault trough turbidite, sublacustrine fan and storm turbidite. Through the in-depth study of geological data of Qikou, Gaosheng, Suizhong and Yingtai oil fields in Bohai Bay Basin, sedimentary mechanism, lithologic characteristics, sedimentary structure, logging facies, and earthquake are analyzed in terms of sedimentary background, sedimentary mechanism, lithologic characteristics, sedimentary structure, well logging facies, and earthquake. The sedimentary characteristics of steep slope type, gentle slope type, fault terrace type and fault trough type turbidite are dissected in detail. The sedimentary microfacies of various types of turbidite are subdivided, and the lithologic assemblages, sedimentary sequences and spatial morphological characteristics of sand bodies are analyzed. The sedimentary model and evolution of different types of turbidite are established. The controlling effect of turbidite on oil and gas is analyzed according to the condition of reservoir-cap assemblage. By analyzing the geometric parameters of turbidite sand bodies in Suizhong, Yingtai, Qikou and Gaosheng oilfields, the relationships between the length, width, area and maximum thickness of different types of turbidite sand bodies are established. The statistical results show that the ratio of length to width of sand body from big to small is as follows: fault trough type, steep slope type, gentle slope type, broken stage type. The corresponding geological modeling method for different types of turbidite is put forward. According to the data of oilfield, the 3D geological models of steep slope type, gentle slope type, fault stage type and fault trough type turbidite are established, which objectively and truly reflect the lithofacies and pore of turbidite. The spatial distribution characteristics of permeation and saturation properties provide sufficient basis for further development of turbidite reservoirs in the lake basin.
【學位授予單位】：燕山大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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