【摘要】：對(duì)于致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層,目前面臨的一個(gè)重大問(wèn)題是如何從薄而致密的儲(chǔ)層中,實(shí)現(xiàn)油氣的工業(yè)開(kāi)采。基于地應(yīng)力分析的儲(chǔ)層可壓裂性評(píng)價(jià),成為非常規(guī)油氣勘探開(kāi)發(fā)必不可少的技術(shù)手段,而地應(yīng)力分析的關(guān)鍵就是地層速度剖面的精確計(jì)算;陣列聲波測(cè)井通過(guò)不同的聲源與測(cè)量模式,以波場(chǎng)的形式記錄不同性質(zhì)地層的時(shí)差信息�；陉嚵新暡〝�(shù)據(jù)處理的儲(chǔ)層可壓裂性評(píng)價(jià),為致密油氣的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)提供了一種可靠途徑。本文從時(shí)域和頻域兩個(gè)方面對(duì)陣列聲波測(cè)井資料進(jìn)行縱、橫波時(shí)差提取,重點(diǎn)分析了常用的慢度-時(shí)間相關(guān)法、頻譜加權(quán)相干法;利用提取到的縱波、橫波時(shí)差信息,以鄂爾多斯盆地致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層為研究對(duì)象,在準(zhǔn)確的地應(yīng)力建模的基礎(chǔ)上,實(shí)現(xiàn)致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層井壁穩(wěn)定性分析、巖石脆性評(píng)價(jià)與可壓裂性評(píng)價(jià);最后,形成一套陣列聲波測(cè)井工程應(yīng)用綜合解釋技術(shù)流程,用于致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層現(xiàn)場(chǎng)資料的處理與應(yīng)用。具體內(nèi)容如下:1、給出了時(shí)差提取的總體處理流程,包括原始數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理、濾波、時(shí)差提取,提高了時(shí)差提取的精確度。2、以巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ),以地層測(cè)試和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)小型壓裂測(cè)試資料為刻度標(biāo)準(zhǔn),確定適用于研究區(qū)致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層的地應(yīng)力計(jì)算模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層地應(yīng)力評(píng)價(jià)。3、在總結(jié)井壁失穩(wěn)的原因和類(lèi)型的基礎(chǔ)上,選取有效的巖石破裂準(zhǔn)則,分析井壁圍巖應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律,有效預(yù)測(cè)地層破裂壓力和坍塌壓力,給出安全泥漿密度窗。4、從脆性指數(shù)和斷裂韌性2個(gè)方面對(duì)鄂爾多斯盆地致密氣儲(chǔ)層可壓裂性測(cè)井評(píng)價(jià)方法進(jìn)行研究。為克服單純依賴脆性指數(shù)進(jìn)行可壓裂性評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)的不足,應(yīng)用線彈性斷裂理論構(gòu)建脆性指數(shù)和斷裂韌性相結(jié)合的可壓裂性指數(shù),進(jìn)行有效的致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層可壓裂性評(píng)價(jià)。
[Abstract]:For tight sandstone reservoirs, one of the most important problems is how to realize the industrial exploitation of oil and gas from thin and dense reservoirs. Reservoir fracturability evaluation based on in-situ stress analysis has become an indispensable technical means for unconventional oil and gas exploration and development, and the key of in-situ stress analysis is the accurate calculation of formation velocity profile. Array acoustic logging records the time difference information of different strata in the form of wave field through different sound sources and measurement modes. The reservoir fracturability evaluation based on array acoustic data processing provides a reliable way for the industrial production of dense oil and gas. In this paper, the time-domain and frequency-domain data of array acoustic logging are extracted from longitudinal and S-wave moveout, and the slow-time correlation method and spectral weighted coherence method are analyzed. Based on the extracted longitudinal wave and shear wave time difference information, the tight sandstone reservoir in Ordos Basin is taken as the research object. On the basis of accurate in-situ stress modeling, the stability analysis of tight sandstone reservoir sidewall is realized. Evaluation of rock brittleness and fracturing ability; Finally, a set of comprehensive interpretation technology flow of array acoustic logging engineering is formed, which can be used to process and apply field data of tight sandstone reservoir. The main contents are as follows: 1. The overall processing flow of time difference extraction is given, including raw data preprocessing, filtering, time difference extraction, improving the accuracy of time difference extraction. 2. Based on rock mechanics experiments, Based on the data of formation test and field fracturing test, the calculation model of in-situ stress for tight sandstone reservoir in the study area is determined, and the in-situ stress evaluation of tight sandstone reservoir is realized. On the basis of summing up the causes and types of shaft wall instability, the effective rock fracture criterion is selected, the stress distribution law of surrounding rock is analyzed, the formation fracture pressure and collapse pressure are effectively predicted, and the safe mud density window is given. The fracturability logging evaluation method of tight gas reservoir in Ordos Basin was studied from two aspects of brittle index and fracture toughness. In order to overcome the shortcoming of simply relying on brittleness index to evaluate fracturability, a fracturability index combining brittleness index and fracture toughness is constructed by using linear elastic fracture theory to evaluate the fracturing ability of tight sandstone reservoir effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P618.13;P631.81

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