【摘要】：為了有效拓展城市發(fā)展空間，緩解地面交通壓力，太原市于近年開展了地鐵建設(shè)，而地鐵2號(hào)線成為太原規(guī)劃的首條地鐵線路。以往實(shí)踐表明，城市地鐵建設(shè)容易引起周邊地面的變形，嚴(yán)重時(shí)可能危及周圍建筑及地下管線的安全。但太原市乃至整個(gè)山西地區(qū)此前從未進(jìn)行過地鐵建設(shè)，針對(duì)此類問題沒有相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可供參考，因此，研究太原地鐵2號(hào)線建設(shè)對(duì)周邊地面變形的影響是十分必要的。 本文以太原地鐵2號(hào)線中心街車站作為對(duì)象，收集整理了區(qū)域內(nèi)的自然條件，水文地質(zhì)背景等資料，了解了區(qū)域的地質(zhì)環(huán)境和水文地質(zhì)條件，在項(xiàng)目區(qū)進(jìn)行了工程勘察，研究了項(xiàng)目區(qū)的工程地質(zhì)及水文地質(zhì)條件，通過野外抽水試驗(yàn)及室內(nèi)土工試驗(yàn)，了解了項(xiàng)目區(qū)各個(gè)地層的物理力學(xué)指標(biāo)與滲透性，通過勘察成果及試驗(yàn)所得數(shù)據(jù)，建立了研究區(qū)域的水文地質(zhì)概念模型。以流固耦合理論為依托，運(yùn)用FLAC3D將水文地質(zhì)模型轉(zhuǎn)化為空間三維結(jié)構(gòu)模型并分別對(duì)不同工況下地層的水平位移與地表的沉降進(jìn)行了模擬求解。 通過分析上述模擬計(jì)算結(jié)果，得出不同工況下基坑在降水與開挖后引起周邊地表變形的規(guī)律：在無支護(hù)的情況下，基坑降水開挖7m時(shí)，基坑發(fā)生大的水平變形，局部超過5m，基坑發(fā)生坍塌；基坑降水開挖時(shí)，基坑開挖面的水平位移相比其他區(qū)域更大；周邊地表的沉降變形以基坑為中心呈環(huán)狀向外擴(kuò)展，其中基坑角落的區(qū)域變形范圍較大，，為其他位置1.2～1.5倍；地面的沉降變形程度并不是越靠近基坑越大，最大沉降區(qū)域處于距基坑一定距離的位置，模擬顯示，最大沉降區(qū)距基坑邊緣約為7m；相比于不考慮耦合的計(jì)算結(jié)果，考慮耦合的計(jì)算方式與實(shí)際工程更為吻合；根據(jù)模擬結(jié)果，當(dāng)選用地下連續(xù)墻搭配3道支撐作為支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，地表的水平及沉降變形均減小到要求范圍內(nèi)。 論文成果在一定程度上總結(jié)出了深基坑降水開挖引起周邊地表變形的規(guī)律，為中心街車站合理選擇支護(hù)方式以減少對(duì)周邊地表變形的影響提供理論依據(jù)，為太原市類似的地鐵工程在如何削弱對(duì)周邊環(huán)境不利影響的方面提供了研究思路與方法，積累了研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:In order to effectively expand the space of urban development and relieve the ground traffic pressure, Taiyuan City has carried out subway construction in recent years, and Metro Line 2 has become the first subway line planned in Taiyuan. The past practice shows that the construction of urban subway is easy to cause the deformation of the surrounding ground, which may endanger the safety of the surrounding buildings and underground pipelines. However, Taiyuan City and even the whole Shanxi area have never carried out subway construction before, so it is necessary to study the influence of Taiyuan Metro Line 2 construction on the surrounding ground deformation. Taking the Central Street Station of Taiyuan Metro Line 2 as the object, this paper collected and sorted out the natural conditions, hydrogeological background and other data in the area, understood the regional geological environment and hydrogeological conditions, and carried out engineering survey in the project area. The engineering geology and hydrogeological conditions of the project area are studied. Through field pumping test and indoor geotechnical test, the physical and mechanical indexes and permeability of each stratum in the project area are understood, and the survey results and the data obtained from the test are obtained. The hydrogeological conceptual model of the study area is established. Based on the fluid-solid coupling theory, the hydrogeological model is transformed into a three-dimensional spatial structural model by FLAC3D, and the horizontal displacement and ground subsidence under different working conditions are simulated and solved respectively. By analyzing the simulation results above, the rules of ground deformation caused by dewatering and excavation under different working conditions are obtained: when the foundation pit is dewatering and excavating for 7 m, the foundation pit has a large horizontal deformation, and the local deformation exceeds 5 m. Collapse of foundation pit; The horizontal displacement of excavation surface is larger than that of other regions during dewatering excavation. The settlement and deformation of the surrounding surface is circumscribed in the center of the foundation pit, and the deformation range in the corner of the foundation pit is larger, which is 1.5 times as large as that in the other positions. The settlement deformation degree of the ground is not more and more close to the foundation pit, and the maximum settlement area is located at a certain distance from the foundation pit. The simulation shows that the maximum settlement area is about 7 m from the edge of the foundation pit. Compared with the calculation results without considering coupling, the calculation method of considering coupling is more consistent with the actual engineering. According to the simulation results, the horizontal and settlement deformation of the ground surface can be reduced to the required range when the underground continuous wall is selected with three braces as the supporting structure. To some extent, the paper summarizes the law of surface deformation caused by dewatering excavation of deep foundation pit, which provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable selection of supporting methods to reduce the influence on the surrounding surface deformation at the central street station. This paper provides the research ideas and methods for the similar subway projects in Taiyuan on how to weaken the adverse effects on the surrounding environment, and accumulates the research experience.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU753.66;TU433

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