【摘要】：電子技術(shù)被廣泛的應(yīng)用到石油開采領(lǐng)域,推動(dòng)了石油勘探和開采技術(shù)的進(jìn)步。震電效應(yīng)是含流體孔隙介質(zhì)中機(jī)械波轉(zhuǎn)換為電磁波的一種機(jī)制。這種機(jī)制提供了一種特殊的電法測(cè)井方法,也就是本文中研究的震電測(cè)井。震電測(cè)井方法相比其它測(cè)井方法,具有一些獨(dú)特的優(yōu)點(diǎn),能夠測(cè)量含流體巖層介質(zhì)的多種參數(shù),如滲透率、巖層孔隙度、流體離子濃度等等。從上世紀(jì)90年代以來,國內(nèi)外針對(duì)震電測(cè)井方法做了大量原理性的研究,但由于工程應(yīng)用上進(jìn)展緩慢,實(shí)用的震電測(cè)井儀器至今沒有面市。本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容是震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng),它是震電測(cè)井儀器的關(guān)鍵組成部分。在工程應(yīng)用中,震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)需要解決三個(gè)問題:第一,震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)要能夠采集到微弱的震電信號(hào);第二,震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)需要分布式的采集點(diǎn)采集井下多個(gè)位置的震電信號(hào);第三,震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)需要將測(cè)井過程中產(chǎn)生的大量數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)的傳輸?shù)缴衔粰C(jī)。針對(duì)以上三個(gè)問題,本文提出了一種震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案。該震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)基于SPI總線結(jié)構(gòu),包括數(shù)據(jù)采集板和控制通信板兩部分。數(shù)據(jù)采集板分布在各個(gè)采集點(diǎn),用于采集井下不同深度的震電信號(hào)�？刂仆ㄐ虐鍖�(shù)據(jù)采集板采集的數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)傳輸?shù)缴衔粰C(jī)。在系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)和調(diào)試完成后,在模擬環(huán)境中對(duì)系統(tǒng)的功能進(jìn)行測(cè)試。本文設(shè)計(jì)的震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)有8個(gè)采集點(diǎn),用于采集井下不同位置的震電信號(hào),并能夠?qū)崟r(shí)的將所有數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)缴衔粰C(jī)。系統(tǒng)的通頻帶為9.7kHz～37kHz,能夠采集的震電信號(hào)的幅度范圍為0～16.7μV。同時(shí),由于采用了 SPI總線結(jié)構(gòu),采集點(diǎn)的個(gè)數(shù)能夠根據(jù)實(shí)際測(cè)井需求靈活配置。經(jīng)過測(cè)試,本文設(shè)計(jì)的震電信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)達(dá)到了既定的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo),為研制震電測(cè)井儀器打下一定基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Electronic technology is widely used in the field of oil exploration and exploitation, which promotes the progress of oil exploration and exploitation technology. Electroseismoelectric effect is a mechanism to convert mechanical waves into electromagnetic waves in fluid porous media. This mechanism provides a special electrical logging method, which is the seismoelectric logging studied in this paper. Compared with other logging methods, seismoelectric logging has some unique advantages, such as permeability, reservoir porosity, fluid ion concentration and so on. Since the 1990s, a large number of theoretical studies have been done on seismoelectric logging methods at home and abroad. However, due to the slow progress in engineering applications, practical seismoelectric logging tools have not been available yet. The research content of this paper is the acquisition system of seismoelectric signal, which is the key component of seismoelectric logging tool. In the engineering application, three problems need to be solved in the seismic signal acquisition system: first, the seismic signal acquisition system should be able to collect weak seismic signal; Second, the seismic signal acquisition system needs distributed acquisition points to collect seismic signals from multiple locations in the downhole. Thirdly, the seismic signal acquisition system needs to transmit a large number of data generated in the logging process to the upper computer in real time. In view of the above three problems, this paper puts forward a design scheme of seismic signal acquisition system. The system is based on SPI bus structure, including data acquisition board and control communication board. The data acquisition board is distributed in various acquisition points and is used to collect seismic signals at different depths. The control communication board transmits the data collected by the data acquisition board to the upper computer in real time. After the system is designed and debugged, the function of the system is tested in the simulation environment. The system designed in this paper has 8 acquisition points, which is used to collect seismic signals at different positions and can transmit all the data to the upper computer in real time. The frequency band of the system is 9.7 kHz ~ 3 ~ 37 kHz, and the amplitude of the seismoelectric signal can be collected in the range of 0 ~ 16.7 渭 V. At the same time, because of the SPI bus structure, the number of acquisition points can be flexibly configured according to the actual logging requirements. After testing, the design of the seismoelectric signal acquisition system in this paper has reached the established design goal, which lays a foundation for the development of seismoelectric logging tools.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P631.81;TP274.2

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