【摘要】：巖墻群形成于伸展構(gòu)造環(huán)境,是巖漿沿地殼裂隙灌入圍巖形成的板狀侵入體�；詭r墻群富含深部源區(qū)及成巖過程等動力學(xué)信息,與巖漿活動和巖漿事件緊密相關(guān)。新疆東西天山出露了大規(guī)模的二疊紀(jì)基性巖墻群,眾多學(xué)者圍繞巖墻群的巖石地球化學(xué)和同位素年代學(xué)做了前瞻性的研究,然而,與之相關(guān)的巖墻幾何學(xué)和侵位機制研究相對較少。這些地區(qū)由于地理位置偏遠(yuǎn),氣候惡劣,并屬于軍事禁區(qū),常規(guī)地質(zhì)調(diào)查難以獲得全面的數(shù)據(jù)資料。因此,本文利用遙感影像,以北山地區(qū)和柯坪地區(qū)巖墻群為研究對象,進(jìn)行巖墻幾何學(xué)及侵位機制的探討。主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下：(1)基于遙感影像巖墻信息提取,在北山和柯坪地區(qū)各提取了1171條和117條巖墻,主要走向均為NNW-NNE,整體都呈現(xiàn)為近平行狀排布。北山地區(qū)巖墻單體長0.3-21km,平均長3.3km,平均厚度為7.5m；柯坪地區(qū)巖墻單體長0.1-17.1km,平均長1.8km,平均厚度為3.8m。兩個地區(qū)巖墻的長度和厚度分布都服從負(fù)指數(shù)分布。(2)對兩個地區(qū)巖墻形態(tài)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),北山地區(qū)巖墻單體形態(tài)相對復(fù)雜和多樣化,反映了該區(qū)巖墻可能形成于張性兼具剪性的伸展構(gòu)造環(huán)境；柯坪地區(qū)巖墻單體形態(tài)相對單一,反映了該區(qū)巖墻可能主要受到張性構(gòu)造控制。(3)通過對研究區(qū)地殼伸展率的估算發(fā)現(xiàn),北山地區(qū)巖墻主要侵入到侵入巖體,在該類巖體中的地殼伸展率平均為7.2%,而整體地殼伸展率平均為1.9%；柯坪地區(qū)巖墻主要侵入到沉積巖,地殼伸展率平均為0.25%。(4)對研究區(qū)巖漿房深度進(jìn)行估算,表明北山地區(qū)巖漿房深度主要集中于0.6-40km,少數(shù)可達(dá)70-100km；柯坪地區(qū)巖漿房深度主要集中于1-30km,少數(shù)可達(dá)80-100km。初步推斷在地下80-100km深處形成初始巖漿房,巖漿侵位后,初始巖漿房通過巖漿運移會形成其它多個巖漿房。研究區(qū)出露的巖墻群很可能是多個巖漿房巖漿侵位的結(jié)果,并且可能是形成巖漿房、巖床和溢流玄武巖的主要通道。(5)通過對比巖漿房深度估算結(jié)果和巖墻侵位模式特征,初步認(rèn)為北山和柯坪地區(qū)巖墻群的侵位模式是垂向和側(cè)向侵位同時存在。
[Abstract]:The rock dike group is formed in extensional tectonic environment and is a plate-like intrusion formed by magma pouring into surrounding rock along crustal fissure. The basic dyke group is rich in dynamic information such as deep source area and diagenetic process, which is closely related to magmatic activity and magmatic event. In the eastern and western Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang, large scale Permian basic-dyke swarms have been exposed. Many scholars have made prospective studies on the petrogeochemistry and isotopic chronology of the rock dike groups. However, There are relatively few studies on the geometry and emplacement mechanism of rock dikes. Due to their remote location, harsh climate and military exclusion zone, conventional geological surveys are difficult to obtain comprehensive data. Therefore, the geometries and emplacement mechanism of rock dikes in Beishan and Keping areas are studied by remote sensing images in this paper. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) based on the information extraction of rock walls from remote sensing images, 1171 and 117 rock walls were extracted in Beishan and Keping, respectively, and the main strike was NNW-NNE,. In Beishan area, the monomer length of rock dike is 0.3-21km, the average length is 3.3km, and the average thickness is 7.5m.The monomeric dike in Keping area is 0.1-17.1 km, with an average length of 1.8km and an average thickness of 3.8m. The distribution of the length and thickness of the rock dikes in the two regions are both from the negative exponential distribution. (2) the study on the morphology of the rock dikes in the two regions shows that the individual forms of the rock dikes in the Beishan region are relatively complex and diversified. The results indicate that the rock dikes in this area may be formed in the extensional tectonic environment with both tensional and shear properties, and the single rock dikes in the Keping area are relatively single in shape. The results indicate that the rock dikes in this area may be controlled mainly by tensional tectonics. (3) through the estimation of the crustal extension rate in the study area, it is found that the intrusive rock mass is mainly invaded by the rock dikes in Beishan area. In this kind of rock mass, the average crustal extension rate is 7.2 and the overall crustal extension rate is 1.9. The rock wall in Keping area mainly intrudes into sedimentary rocks, and the average crustal extension rate is 0.25. (4) the depth of magma chamber in the study area is estimated. The results show that the depth of magma chamber is mainly 0.6-40km in Beishan area and 70-100km in a few cases, while the depth of magmatic chamber is mainly concentrated at 1-30km and 80-100km in Keping area. It is preliminarily inferred that the initial magma chamber is formed in the deep underground 80-100km, and after the magma emplacement, the initial magma chamber will form several other magma chambers through magmatic migration. It is very likely that the exposed rock dike group in the study area is the result of multiple magma chamber magma emplacement, and may be the main channel to form magma chamber, rock bed and overflow basalt. (5) by comparing the results of magmatic chamber depth estimation and the characteristics of emplacement model of rock wall, It is preliminarily considered that the emplacement model of the rock dike swarms in Beishan and Keping areas is both vertical and lateral emplacement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P588.12

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