【摘要】：偽隨機(jī)信號(hào)抗干擾理論基于相關(guān)辨識(shí)法,通過單位脈沖響應(yīng)與激發(fā)極化法聯(lián)系起來,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)在電法勘探中的抗干擾應(yīng)用。本論文從時(shí)域和頻域兩個(gè)角度討論偽隨機(jī)信號(hào)抗干擾原理,并定量地分析影響辨識(shí)精度和抗干擾性能的參數(shù)選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn);使用MATLAB和Multisim等仿真軟件,結(jié)合RC阻容電路和地電系統(tǒng)兩個(gè)仿真算例進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)辨識(shí)和抗干擾仿真;研制一套偽隨機(jī)激電儀器樣機(jī),并設(shè)計(jì)若干實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)儀器和方法進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。在相關(guān)辨識(shí)和抗干擾的理論推導(dǎo)部分,基于卷積、相關(guān)運(yùn)算和最優(yōu)化準(zhǔn)則推導(dǎo)出維納-霍夫方程,介紹偽隨機(jī)m信號(hào)的時(shí)域、相關(guān)和頻域特性,并討論由相關(guān)運(yùn)算的數(shù)據(jù)求解單位脈沖響應(yīng)的方法。論文將時(shí)域的系統(tǒng)辨識(shí)過程分解為四個(gè)具體的步驟,每個(gè)步驟都有對(duì)應(yīng)的頻域分析。通過偽隨機(jī)m信號(hào)時(shí)域特性和頻域特性對(duì)相關(guān)辨識(shí)的抗干擾原理進(jìn)行解釋。在系統(tǒng)仿真部分,充分利用MATLAB高效的數(shù)值運(yùn)算特點(diǎn),選擇具有解析公式的RC阻容電路和地電系統(tǒng)作為仿真系統(tǒng),從無干擾和有干擾的角度進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)全過程的仿真。論文還介紹了兩種評(píng)價(jià)抗干擾性能的指標(biāo),功率信噪比增益和噪聲方差增益,定量評(píng)價(jià)偽隨機(jī)信號(hào)抗干擾性能。本論文研制一套偽隨機(jī)激電儀器樣機(jī),包括發(fā)送機(jī)和接收機(jī)。發(fā)送機(jī)可以發(fā)射常規(guī)的時(shí)域和頻域激電的波形,也可以發(fā)射偽隨機(jī)m信號(hào)波形;接收機(jī)可以用于常規(guī)激電法和偽隨機(jī)抗干擾電法的數(shù)據(jù)采集工作。系統(tǒng)使用SD卡作為存儲(chǔ)介質(zhì),采集全時(shí)域的波形數(shù)據(jù);采用GPS和線同步方式,實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)送機(jī)和接收機(jī)協(xié)同工作;使用無線藍(lán)牙和RS232實(shí)現(xiàn)人機(jī)交互。論文還設(shè)計(jì)了三類實(shí)驗(yàn),即RC電路實(shí)驗(yàn)、水槽實(shí)驗(yàn)和野外實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過多次的儀器實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了該儀器系統(tǒng)的實(shí)用性;通過MATLAB進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理和分析,驗(yàn)證了偽隨機(jī)信號(hào)抗干擾理論的科學(xué)性。
[Abstract]:The anti-jamming theory of pseudo-random signal is based on the correlation identification method and the unit pulse response is connected with the excited polarization method to realize the application of anti-jamming in electrical exploration. This paper discusses the anti-jamming principle of pseudorandom signal from two angles of time domain and frequency domain, and quantitatively analyzes the parameter selection standard which affects the identification accuracy and anti-jamming performance, and uses the simulation software such as MATLAB and Multisim, etc. Combined with two simulation examples of RC resistive circuit and geoelectric system, the system identification and anti-interference simulation are carried out, a set of pseudorandom IP instrument prototype is developed, and some experiments are designed to verify the instrument and method. In the theoretical derivation of correlation identification and anti-jamming, based on convolution, correlation operation and optimization criterion, the Wiener Hoff equation is derived, and the time domain, correlation and frequency domain characteristics of pseudorandom m signal are introduced. The method of solving the unit pulse response from the data of correlation operation is also discussed. In this paper, the system identification process in time domain is decomposed into four specific steps, each of which has a corresponding frequency domain analysis. The anti-interference principle of correlation identification is explained by time domain characteristic and frequency domain characteristic of pseudo random m signal. In the part of system simulation, RC resistive circuit with analytic formula and geoelectric system are selected as simulation system, which make full use of the high efficiency numerical operation characteristic of MATLAB. The whole process of the system is simulated from the point of view of non-interference and interference. The paper also introduces two indexes to evaluate the anti-jamming performance, power signal-to-noise ratio gain and noise variance gain, and quantitatively evaluate the anti-jamming performance of pseudo-random signals. A set of pseudorandom ionization instrument prototype, including transmitter and receiver, is developed in this paper. The transmitter can transmit conventional waveforms of time-domain and frequency-domain excitation, and also can transmit pseudorandom m signal waveforms, and the receiver can be used for data acquisition of conventional IP method and pseudo-random anti-interference method. The system uses SD card as storage medium to collect waveform data in full time domain; uses GPS and line synchronization to realize the cooperative work between transmitter and receiver; and uses wireless Bluetooth and RS232 to realize man-machine interaction. The thesis also designs three kinds of experiments, that is, RC circuit experiment, flume experiment and field experiment. The practicability of the instrument system is verified by many experiments of the instrument, and the scientific nature of the anti-jamming theory of pseudo-random signal is verified by data processing and analysis by MATLAB.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P631.3

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