【摘要】：商業(yè)化挖掘的緬甸琥珀已經(jīng)有約兩千年的歷史,該琥珀形成于白堊紀賽諾曼階早期,98.72±0.62 Ma。在世界七大主要白堊紀琥珀產(chǎn)地中,緬甸琥珀年代最久遠、內(nèi)含物生物多樣性最高且高質(zhì)量標本產(chǎn)量最大。然而由于歷史的原因,緬甸琥珀的科學價值直到近一百年才被逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)�；诰挼殓晷纬蓵r期的特殊性和內(nèi)含物的多樣性,緬甸琥珀的研究已成為當今古生物學領(lǐng)域的研究熱點之一。鞘翅目是一類起源較為古老、種類多樣和生態(tài)學意義顯著的類群。因此研究緬甸琥珀中的鞘翅目,對我們了解白堊紀時期重要生物類群的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育、古生物地理、古生態(tài)、古行為學等具有深刻的意義。迄今為止,緬甸琥珀中已命名鞘翅目64種,涵蓋4亞目14總科23科。本論文通過對25塊緬甸琥珀中的鞘翅目代表類群進行研究。研究琥珀的傳統(tǒng)方法是在體視鏡下直接觀察,隨著科技的進步和發(fā)展,新型的技術(shù)手段被用來研究琥珀。本論文利用顯微CT、計算機三維重建的方法,重建出緬甸琥珀甲蟲內(nèi)含物的三維形態(tài),從而對這些甲蟲的系統(tǒng)地位進行了確定,并對其生物學意義進行探究。經(jīng)過研究表明,這25塊緬甸琥珀甲蟲隸屬于2亞目7總科,能夠反映攜播、訪花、群集等行為。更為重要的是,在實驗過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)了琥珀內(nèi)含物的在可見光下與在X射線下的成像結(jié)果并不完全對應(yīng),甚至X射線下完全無襯度。對于這個埋藏學上的現(xiàn)象,經(jīng)過初步分析,認為其原因可能是琥珀化的過程中產(chǎn)生的一些化學物質(zhì)、琥珀圍巖之間的對比度差異、及琥珀間的密度差不同等因素造成的。
[Abstract]:Commercially excavated amber from Myanmar has a history of about 2000 years. The amber was formed at 98.72 鹵0.62 Ma. in the early Cretaceous SalNorman stage. Among the seven major Cretaceous amber producing areas in the world, Myanmar amber is the oldest, and the highest biodiversity and high quality sample yield. However, due to historical reasons, the scientific value of Myanmar amber was not gradually discovered until nearly a hundred years ago. Based on the particularity of Myanmar amber formation period and the diversity of its inclusions, the research of Myanmar amber has become one of the research hotspots in the field of paleontology. Coleoptera is a group with ancient origin, diverse species and ecological significance. Therefore, the study of the order Coleoptera in amber of Myanmar is of great significance for us to understand the phylogeny, paleontology, paleoecology and paleobehavior of important biological groups in the Cretaceous period. Up to now, 64 species of Coleoptera have been named in Amber of Myanmar, covering 4 suborders, 14 families and 23 families. In this paper, 25 pieces of amber from Burma were studied on the representative groups of Coleoptera. The traditional method of studying amber is to observe it directly under stereoscopic microscope. With the development of science and technology, new techniques are used to study amber. In this paper, the three-dimensional morphology of amber beetles in Myanmar was reconstructed by means of microCTand computer 3D reconstruction, and the systematic status of these beetles was determined, and the biological significance of these beetles was explored. The results show that the 25 amber beetles belong to 2 suborders and 7 families, which can reflect the behavior of carrying, flower visiting and clustering. More importantly, in the experimental process, it is found that the imaging results of the amber inclusions under visible light and X-ray are not completely corresponding, and even the X-ray imaging results are completely non-contrast. Through the preliminary analysis of this burial phenomenon, it is considered that the reasons may be caused by some chemical substances produced in the amber process, the contrast difference among the amber surrounding rock, and the difference in the density between the amber.
【學位授予單位】：西華師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q915

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本文編號：2171922