【摘要】：中亞造山帶內(nèi)晚古生代以來(lái)經(jīng)歷多期構(gòu)造變形,區(qū)域內(nèi)多期構(gòu)造相互疊加、破壞,使得對(duì)晚古生代以來(lái)的構(gòu)造變形特征及其構(gòu)造演化的研究顯得相對(duì)困難。紅車斷裂帶位于準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地西緣,和克百斷裂帶、烏夏斷裂帶組成準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地西北緣構(gòu)造帶,屬于準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地和西準(zhǔn)噶爾塊體的耦合變形帶。紅車斷裂帶受新生代以前多期構(gòu)造活動(dòng)的影響,并由于其位于盆山耦合地帶,沉積地層中保留了構(gòu)造變形的記錄。另外,紅車斷裂帶在新生代活動(dòng)微弱,將古生代、中生代之前的構(gòu)造變形較為完整地保存于新生代沉積地層之下,使其成為研究準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地乃至中亞造山帶中生代構(gòu)造變形特征,變形機(jī)制,以及構(gòu)造演化的良好區(qū)域。本文通過(guò)區(qū)域高精度二維、三維地震資料的解釋,對(duì)紅車斷裂帶內(nèi)的構(gòu)造幾何學(xué)樣式,變形期次進(jìn)行了研究,并運(yùn)用三維構(gòu)造平面恢復(fù)技術(shù)對(duì)紅車地區(qū)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)機(jī)制進(jìn)行了探討,獲得了以下認(rèn)識(shí)：(1)紅車斷裂帶為一個(gè)右旋走滑擠壓系統(tǒng)。紅車斷裂帶內(nèi)部發(fā)育紅車走滑斷層以及次級(jí)斷層,旁側(cè)發(fā)育逆沖斷層以及斷層相關(guān)褶皺。紅車斷裂帶內(nèi)部的構(gòu)造樣式、幾何學(xué)形態(tài)沿走向變化明顯,按構(gòu)造樣式特征可以分為：紅車斷裂帶南段斷層彎曲帶,紅車斷裂帶中段線性走滑帶,紅車斷裂帶北段走滑尾端。紅車斷裂帶南、中、北三段的構(gòu)造特征差異巨大,但整體的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征是一致的,屬于一個(gè)右旋擠壓的走滑變形系統(tǒng)。(2)在GoCAD軟件中進(jìn)行的紅車地區(qū)的三維平面構(gòu)造恢復(fù)工作證實(shí)了紅車地區(qū)斜向擠壓的構(gòu)造變形特征。紅車地區(qū)三疊系底界平面構(gòu)造恢復(fù)的膨脹率分布、構(gòu)造平面恢復(fù)矢量結(jié)果證實(shí)了紅車斷裂帶中段構(gòu)造變形相對(duì)微弱,南段構(gòu)造變形相對(duì)較為強(qiáng)烈,整體上展示了由南西向北東的一個(gè)斜向擠壓變形。本文提出了一個(gè)基于構(gòu)造平面恢復(fù)前后平面截距來(lái)分析區(qū)域塊體運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的方法,得出準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地西緣相對(duì)于車排子凸起的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向?yàn)?10。-230。。(3)紅車斷裂帶的走滑主要變形時(shí)間為中-晚三疊世,侏羅紀(jì)繼承性活動(dòng)。本文根據(jù)紅車斷裂帶內(nèi)地震剖面所揭示的斷層和地層的接觸關(guān)系以及區(qū)域內(nèi)走滑相關(guān)構(gòu)造中發(fā)育的生長(zhǎng)地層,將區(qū)域走滑構(gòu)造變形主要活動(dòng)時(shí)間限定在中-晚三疊世,并在侏羅紀(jì)繼承活動(dòng)。紅車斷裂帶不同段顯示的相同的變形時(shí)間也證明了它是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的變形系統(tǒng)。(4)通過(guò)紅車地區(qū)地震資料所揭示的構(gòu)造變形時(shí)間及其對(duì)應(yīng)的變形特征,本文厘定了紅車斷裂帶自二疊紀(jì)以來(lái)經(jīng)歷的多期構(gòu)造變形：早-中二疊世的區(qū)域拉張,晚二疊世-早三疊世的構(gòu)造反轉(zhuǎn)以及中三疊-晚侏羅世的右旋走滑。(5)綜合本文和前人對(duì)克百和烏夏斷裂帶的研究,準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地西北緣斷裂帶在三疊紀(jì)-侏羅紀(jì)發(fā)育右旋走滑活動(dòng)。同時(shí),西噶爾達(dá)爾布特?cái)鄬雍蜏?zhǔn)噶爾盆地北緣的額爾齊斯斷層在該時(shí)間段也為右旋走滑活動(dòng)。準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地周緣統(tǒng)一的右旋走滑變形揭示了其相對(duì)周邊板塊逆時(shí)針轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征。
[Abstract]:The Central Asian orogenic belt has experienced multiple tectonic deformation since the Late Palaeozoic, and the multistage structures in the region superposed and destroyed each other, making it relatively difficult to study the structural deformation characteristics and tectonic evolution since the late Paleozoic. The red car fault zone is located in the western margin of the Junggar basin, and the k100 fault zone, and the wuxia fault zone consists of the west of the Junggar basin. The northern margin tectonic belt is the coupling deformation zone of the Junggar basin and the West Junggar block. The red car fault zone is influenced by the multiple tectonic movements before the Cenozoic, and because it is located in the basin and mountain coupling zone, the tectonic deformation is kept in the sedimentary strata. In addition, the red car fault zone is weak in the Cenozoic, and the Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, before the Mesozoic. The structural deformation is more completely preserved in the Cenozoic sedimentary strata, making it a good area for studying the Mesozoic tectonic deformation characteristics, deformation mechanism and structural evolution of the Mesozoic in the Junggar basin and the Central Asian orogenic belt. This paper, through the interpretation of the regional high precision two-dimensional and three-dimensional seismic data, has made the structural geometry study in the red car fault zone. The kinematic mechanism of the red car area is discussed with the 3D structural plane recovery technique. The following understanding is obtained: (1) the red car fault zone is a dextral strike slip extrusion system. The red car fault zone develops the red car strike slip fault, the secondary fault, the side development thrust fault and the fault phase. The structural style in the red car fault zone is marked by the structural style, which can be divided into the southern section of the red car fault zone, the linear strike slip zone in the middle section of the red car fault zone, the north section of the red car fault zone, and the south, middle and North section of the red car fault zone. The kinematic characteristics are consistent and belong to a right-handed strike slip deformation system. (2) the reconstruction of the three-dimensional plane structure of the red car area carried out in the GoCAD software confirms the structural deformation characteristics of the oblique extrusion in the red car area. The expansion rate distribution of the plane structure restoration of the Triassic bottom boundary in the red car area and the vector junction of the structural plane restoration are found. The structural deformation of the middle part of the red car fault zone is relatively weak, and the structural deformation in the southern section is relatively strong, and a diagonal compression deformation from South West to the East is shown on the whole. A method based on the plane intercept of the tectonic plane before and after the reconstruction of the tectonic plane is presented to analyze the movement direction of the regional block, and the relative of the western margin of the Junggar basin is obtained. The main deformation time of the 210.-230.. (3) red car fault zone is the middle to late three fold and the Jurassic inheritance. In this paper, according to the contact relationship between the faults and the strata in the seismic section of the red car fault zone and the growing strata in the regional strike slip related structure, the regional strike slip structure is made. The main deformation time is limited to the middle to the late three fold, and in the Jurassic period. The same deformation time shown in the different segments of the red car fault zone also proves that it is a unified deformation system. (4) the red car fault zone is defined in this paper through the tectonic deformation time and its corresponding deformation characteristics revealed by the seismic data of the red car area. The multistage tectonic deformation experienced since the Permian Period: the early Middle Permian region stretching, the Late Permian early three fold tectonic reversal and the middle three fold and late Jurassic dextral strike slip. (5) this paper and the previous study on the Kuren and Wuxia fault zone, the northwestern margin of the Junggar basin in the Triassic Jurassic development dextral strike slip At the same time, the Dahl Burt fault in West Junggar and the frontal plane fault in the northern margin of the Junggar basin are also dextral strike slip. The right slip deformation of the unified periphery of the Junggar basin reveals the kinematic characteristics of the counter clockwise rotation of the surrounding plates.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P542

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