【摘要】：大西安地處關(guān)中平原渭河斷陷盆地中部,基底構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,斷裂活動強烈,是我國地裂縫災(zāi)害發(fā)育最嚴重的地區(qū)之一。隨著西部大開發(fā)、“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶”等國家級戰(zhàn)略的提出與實施,大西安城市建設(shè)的科學規(guī)劃與協(xié)同發(fā)展上升到了前所未有的高度。因此對該區(qū)域進行地裂縫危險性區(qū)劃具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文以現(xiàn)有各類基礎(chǔ)、水文、災(zāi)害、工程地質(zhì)資料為依托,采用地面調(diào)查填圖、鉆探、槽探、地理信息系統(tǒng)分析等方法,結(jié)合野外實地調(diào)查成果,總結(jié)了大西安地裂縫的分布規(guī)律、活動特性和破壞效應(yīng)等特征。采用層次分析法,抓住淺表土層不均勻變形是導(dǎo)致地裂縫發(fā)生的本質(zhì),圍繞產(chǎn)生不均勻變形的地質(zhì)環(huán)境和條件,引入“差異化思維”的主導(dǎo)思想,對大西安地裂縫危險性區(qū)劃的評價指標進行了選取和量化,確定了地形地貌、巖土體類型、斷裂活動性、地裂縫密度、地裂縫活動性等13個因素的評價指標體系�；贛apGIS軟件平臺,通過疊加各地質(zhì)專題圖層對大西安地裂縫進行了危險性區(qū)劃。區(qū)劃結(jié)果顯示,大西安地裂縫危險性大區(qū)的面積為1080.22km2,占全區(qū)面積7.05%;危險性中區(qū)的面積為8487.2km2,占全區(qū)面積55.43%;危險性小區(qū)的面積為5745.58km2,占全區(qū)面積37.52%。根據(jù)不同結(jié)構(gòu)、不同功能建(構(gòu))筑物對地質(zhì)環(huán)境適應(yīng)能力的差異,在大西安地裂縫危險性區(qū)劃的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了大西安城市建設(shè)的合理布局規(guī)劃,為區(qū)域規(guī)劃及政府決策提供了科學依據(jù)和重要參考。
[Abstract]:Located in the middle of Weihe fault basin of Guanzhong Plain, Daxian is one of the most serious areas of ground fissure disaster in China, with complex basement structure and strong fault activity. With the development of the western region and the national strategy of "Silk Road Economic Belt", the scientific planning and coordinated development of the city construction in Xi'an has risen to an unprecedented height. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out the dangerous zoning of ground fractures in this area. Based on the existing data of hydrology, disaster and engineering geology, this paper adopts the methods of ground survey mapping, drilling, trench exploration, GIS analysis and so on, and combines the results of field investigation. The distribution law, activity characteristic and damage effect of the ground fissures in Xi'an are summarized. By using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the essence of the ground fissure is to grasp the uneven deformation of the shallow soil layer, and the dominant idea of "differential thinking" is introduced around the geological environment and conditions that produce the uneven deformation. This paper selects and quantifies the evaluation indexes of the dangerous division of ground fissures in Xi'an, and determines the evaluation index system of 13 factors, such as topography and geomorphology, types of rock and soil, activity of fracture, density of ground fissures, activity of ground fissures, etc. Based on the MapGIS software platform, the dangerous division of the ground fissures in Xi'an is carried out by superposing the special maps of various places. The results show that the area of the dangerous area is 1080.22km2, the area of the middle area is 8487.2km2, the area of the dangerous area is 55.43km2, the area of the dangerous district is 5745.58km2, the whole area is 37.52. According to the difference of the adaptability of different structures and functions to geological environment, on the basis of the dangerous regionalization of ground fissures in Xi'an, the rational layout planning of urban construction in Xi'an is put forward. It provides scientific basis and important reference for regional planning and government decision-making.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.26

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