發(fā)布時間：2018-06-27 02:19

  本文選題：四川盆地 + 富鉀鹵水��； 參考：《中國地質大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：鉀資源是重要的工業(yè)、農業(yè)資源,我國鉀資源用量大,開采深層地下富鉀鹵水有利于緩解我國鉀資源匱乏的現狀。四川盆地地下鹵水資源豐富,開采歷史悠久,在平落壩等地區(qū)的三疊系已經發(fā)現富鉀鹵水。本文以四川盆地中三疊統雷口坡組為研究對象,分析盆地主要成鹵期古板塊位置、構造帶發(fā)育、沉積演化等,就四川盆地富鉀鹵水的形成、運移、富集等方面進行探討,綜合地質、構造、水文等控制儲鹵構造形成的要素,對四川盆地富鉀鹵水有利區(qū)帶的分布做了預測。四川盆地沉積基底形成時間早于震旦紀,震旦系及之后的蓋層發(fā)育較為全面,保留較為完整。利用歐拉極數據,還原古板塊位置,四川盆地所處的華南古板塊在三疊紀時期處于低緯度帶,氣候炎熱,有利于古鹽盆發(fā)育。三疊紀之后,四川盆地所處的華南板塊逐漸向現今位置漂移,并經歷多期構造運動的改造,其中燕山Ⅰ期運動最具代表性,造就了四川盆地如今主要的構造格局。斷裂帶與褶皺帶作為四川盆地廣泛發(fā)育的構造,對于盆地鹵水富集有著重要的控制作用。目前已在盆地的多個深大斷裂帶,及根據褶皺帶發(fā)育情況而劃分出的三個主要構造區(qū)域:川東南褶皺坳陷區(qū)、川中隆起區(qū)以及川西北坳陷區(qū),發(fā)現多個鉀異常點。四川盆地三疊系深層鹵水中K+的來源除海水為主要還包括:生物來源及火山巖來源。K+與Na+同為盆地三疊系深層鹵水中最常見的陽離子類型,然而兩者在不同環(huán)境下的沉積過程又存在差異性,在生物活動影響下,Na、K元素重量比值可由水圈中的1:0.03變?yōu)樯锶χ械?.02:0.3,因此適宜生物生存的三疊紀時期可能因為生物的影響提供了K+;雷口坡組一段底部發(fā)育的的綠豆巖(含硅質豆粒的富鉀伊利石粘土巖,一種變質火山巖類型)中較高的K+含量(6.37%)也可能是K+的來源之一。運用Arc Gis軟件的柵格分析功能,綜合地層厚度、構造帶展布等,并對比盆地同期古鹽盆發(fā)育情況,預測四川盆地富鉀鹵水有利區(qū)帶包括:1.云陽奉節(jié)褶皺帶;2.雅安以北平落壩斷層褶皺帶;3.成都以南、簡陽以西深大斷裂帶;4.樂山以北、眉山以西斷層帶;5.南充—營山褶皺帶;6.威遠—自貢—綏江褶皺帶;7.蒼溪、巴中斷層褶皺帶;8.達州斷層褶皺帶。
[Abstract]:Potassium resource is an important industrial and agricultural resource in China. The exploitation of deep underground rich potassium brine is helpful to alleviate the present situation of potassium resource shortage in China. Sichuan Basin is rich in underground brine resources and has a long history of exploitation. Potassium rich brine has been found in Triassic system in Pingluoba and other areas. Taking the Laikoupo formation of the Middle Triassic in Sichuan Basin as the object of study, this paper analyzes the location of paleo-plate, the development of tectonic belt and sedimentary evolution in the main halogenation period of the basin, and discusses the formation, migration and enrichment of potash rich brines in Sichuan Basin. The distribution of the favorable zone of rich potassium brine in Sichuan basin is predicted by synthesizing the factors of geology, structure and hydrology controlling the formation of halogen structure. The sedimentary basement in Sichuan basin was formed earlier than the Sinian period, and the caprock of the Sinian system and its aftermath developed completely and remained relatively intact. Based on the Euler pole data and the reduction of paleo-plate position, the South China paleo-plate in Sichuan Basin was located in the low latitude zone during the Triassic period, and the climate was hot, which was beneficial to the development of paleosalite basin. After the Triassic, the South China plate in Sichuan Basin gradually drifted to the present position, and experienced the transformation of multiple tectonic movements, among which Yanshanian stage I movement was the most representative, which formed the main tectonic pattern of Sichuan Basin today. As a widely developed structure in Sichuan Basin, fault zones and fold zones play an important role in controlling the brine enrichment in the basin. At present, many K anomalies have been found in several deep fault zones in the basin and three main tectonic regions, namely, the southeast Sichuan fold depression, the central Sichuan uplift and the northwestern Sichuan depression, which are divided into three main structural regions according to the development of the fold belt. The source of K in the Triassic deep brine in Sichuan Basin mainly includes: biological source and volcanic rock source. K and Na are the most common cationic types in the Triassic deep brine of the basin. However, there are differences in the deposition process between the two in different environments. Under the influence of biological activities, the weight ratio of Na + K can be changed from 1: 0.03 in the hydrosphere to 0.02: 0.3 in the biosphere. The higher K content (6.37%) in the mung peas (K-rich Illite claystone, a type of metamorphic volcanic rock) developed at the bottom of the first member of the Leicoupo formation may also be one of the sources of K. Using the raster analysis function of Arc Gis software, synthesizing the formation thickness and the distribution of the tectonic belt, and comparing the development of the paleo-salt basin in the same period of the basin, it is predicted that the favorable zone of rich potassium brine in the Sichuan basin includes 1: 1. Yunyang Fengjie fold belt 2. The fault fold belt of Luoba in Beiping, Ya'an, China is 3. To the south of Chengdu and to the west of Jianyang, the deep fault zone is no. 4. Leshan north, west of Meishan fault belt 5. Nanchong-Yingshan fold belt 6. Weiyuan-Zigong-Suijiang fold belt 7. Cangxi, Bazhong fault fold belt, No. 8. Dazhou fault fold zone.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P619.211

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本文編號：2072295