本文選題：頻率域電磁法 + 三維正反演�。� 參考：《吉林大學》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：地面頻率域電磁法方法種類繁多,在深部地球結(jié)構(gòu)探測、地熱勘探、礦產(chǎn)勘查、油氣勘查及環(huán)境與工程勘探等各個領(lǐng)域起到關(guān)鍵作用。隨著電磁勘探技術(shù)的逐步發(fā)展以及“精細化”和“透明化”地質(zhì)勘探的需求,實施地面頻率域電磁法三維勘探與解釋逐步成為常態(tài)。因而,頻率域電磁法三維正反演成為大規(guī)模電磁數(shù)據(jù)精細化和定量解釋的關(guān)鍵,然而受到多場源、正演模擬速度和精度、三維反演的適用性以及計算效率等問題的困擾,仍難于在實際勘探中獲得應用。為此,本論文采用有限體積法求解Lorenz規(guī)范條件下耦合勢對稱方程實現(xiàn)任意場源頻率域電磁法三維正演,并引入聚集多重網(wǎng)格求解技術(shù)實現(xiàn)大規(guī)模問題的線性代數(shù)方程組高精度快速求解;同時,提出一種“全局”優(yōu)化算法—截斷牛頓法及多種經(jīng)典反演方法實現(xiàn)了地面頻率域電磁法三維反演,并以大地電磁為例探討該三維反演方法的適用性及其影響因素,期望以此建立地面頻率域電磁三維正反演平臺,為提高地面電磁勘探的三維精細化解釋提供技術(shù)支撐。為了克服空氣層和地表耦合以及不同場源類型、不同觀測數(shù)據(jù)的頻率域電磁法三維正演,本文首先從Maxwell方程出發(fā),推導基于Lorenz規(guī)范條件的磁矢勢和標勢耦合對稱方程,并采用有限體積技術(shù)對方程進行離散,得到大型對稱稀疏線性代數(shù)方程組;然后利用一系列短導線(電性)源組合模擬各種不同類型場源,并采用預處理擬最小殘差法(QMR)以及PARDISO、MUMPS等求解庫進行求解,成功實現(xiàn)不同場源類型的地面頻率域電磁法三維正演模擬。通過層狀介質(zhì)模型不同場源類型的三維正演模擬,并與一維解析解對比驗證本文算法的準確性和有效性;進而,對典型地電模型在不同場源激發(fā)下頻率域電磁法響應特征進行對比分析。為了加快地面頻率域電磁三維正演的求解速度,將一種新型的代數(shù)多重網(wǎng)格算法—聚集多重網(wǎng)格算法(AGMG)引入到三維正演模擬中。本文從AGMG算法的粗化策略和套迭代技術(shù)出發(fā),將AGMG和傳統(tǒng)Krylov子空間(GCR、FCG)迭代算法進行耦合,提出五種不同AGMG求解算法。以大地電磁法為例,通過對典型復雜地電模型進行正演模擬,并與已有的大地電磁三維正反演程序(Mod EM)結(jié)果進行對比,驗證本文算法的準確性。另外,將不同剖分網(wǎng)格和不同極化方式的正演模擬結(jié)果與QMR迭代算法進行對比表明,K-AGMG-GCR算法不僅能夠改善AGMG算法的穩(wěn)定性,同時還具有收斂精度高、速度快、計算效率高等優(yōu)點。相對于現(xiàn)有Mod EM程序,K-AGMG-GCR算法能夠提高計算速度數(shù)十倍,因此特別適合大規(guī)模地面頻率域電磁三維正演問題。針對地面頻率域電磁三維反演,本文引入一種全局優(yōu)化信賴域算法和牛頓法結(jié)合的截斷牛頓法(TRN)。首先,從最優(yōu)化和正則化反演理論出發(fā),建立頻率域電磁法三維反演的目標函數(shù)、模型協(xié)方差矩陣及數(shù)據(jù)協(xié)方差表達式;并詳細推導了不同類型頻率域電磁法梯度、Hessian矩陣和Jacobi矩陣統(tǒng)一表達式;進而詳細闡述了截斷牛頓法的基本原理及關(guān)鍵技術(shù)(比如步長全局搜索、自適應截斷誤差算法以及正則化因子冷卻法等);同時介紹了經(jīng)典最優(yōu)化反演算法-最速下降法(STD)、非線性共軛梯度法(NLCG)、高斯牛頓-共軛梯度法(GNCG)和有限內(nèi)存擬牛頓法(L-BFGS)。最后,采用模塊化設(shè)計思想及利用消息傳遞接口(MPI)實現(xiàn)并行加速,實現(xiàn)了不同算法地面頻率域電磁法三維反演。本文以大地電磁三維反演為例,首先通過對比兩個理論模型(高低組合模型、“拱橋”低阻模型)不同反演算法的結(jié)果,表明本文實現(xiàn)的反演算法(TRN、STD、NLCG、L-BFGS和GNCG)均能取得良好效果,與國際著名的大地電磁開源程序Mod EM效果相當;而本文所提出的TRN算法是一種收斂速度快、迭代次數(shù)少的全局優(yōu)化算法,其反演效果與GNCG算法相當,優(yōu)于梯度類反演算法(STD、NLCG、L-BFGS),并且改善了GNCG計算效率及局部優(yōu)化的缺點。然后,本文以低阻隱伏礦體模型為例,探討TRN反演算法的反演參數(shù)(正則化因子,初始截斷誤差、初始模型和網(wǎng)格剖分)以及觀測數(shù)據(jù)(噪聲水平、數(shù)據(jù)集、頻點數(shù)和測點數(shù))對反演結(jié)果的影響,表明TRN算法對初始模型依賴較小,同時具有較強的抗干擾能力。最后,將該算法應用于內(nèi)蒙某地區(qū)的大地電磁實測數(shù)據(jù)處理中。通過與二維反演及地震解釋地質(zhì)剖面對比發(fā)現(xiàn),TRN三維反演結(jié)果能夠準確反演基底起伏情況,同時能夠有效解決二維反演受三維異常體引起的畸變,進一步驗證了TRN算法的可靠性。
[Abstract]:There are many kinds of electromagnetic methods in the ground frequency domain. It plays a key role in various fields, such as deep earth structure exploration, geothermal exploration, mineral exploration, oil and gas exploration, environment and engineering exploration. With the gradual development of electromagnetic exploration technology and the demand of "fine" and "transparent" geological exploration, ground frequency domain electromagnetic method is implemented. Three dimensional exploration and interpretation have gradually become normal. Therefore, the three-dimensional positive and inverse performance of the frequency domain electromagnetic method has become the key to the refinement and quantitative interpretation of large-scale electromagnetic data. However, it is still difficult to be applied in practical exploration by many sources, the speed and precision of the forward modeling, the applicability of the three-dimensional inversion and the efficiency of calculation. In this paper, the finite volume method is used to solve the coupling potential symmetric equation under the Lorenz standard to realize the three-dimensional forward modeling of the electromagnetic method in the frequency domain of any field source, and a high precision and rapid solution for the linear algebraic equations of large-scale problems is realized by the aggregation multigrid solving technique. At the same time, a "global" optimization algorithm, truncated Newton method, is proposed. The three-dimensional inversion of ground frequency domain electromagnetic method is realized by a variety of classical inversion methods. The applicability and influence factors of the three dimensional inversion method are discussed with magnetotelluric as an example. It is expected to establish the ground frequency domain electromagnetic three-dimensional positive and inverse platform to provide technical support for improving the three-dimensional fine interpretation of ground electromagnetic exploration. In this paper, the magnetic vector potential and the coupled symmetric equation of the magnetic vector potential based on the Lorenz standard conditions are derived from the Maxwell equation, and the finite volume technique is used to discrete the equations, and the large symmetric sparse linear algebraic equations are obtained. Then a series of short wire (Electrical) sources are used to simulate various types of field sources, and the pre processed quasi minimum residual method (QMR) and PARDISO, MUMPS and other solutions are used to solve them. The three-dimensional forward simulation of the ground frequency domain of different source types is successfully realized. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are compared with one dimensional analytical solution. Then, the characteristics of the electromagnetic response of the typical geoelectric model in the frequency domain under different source excitation are compared and analyzed. In order to speed up the solving speed of the three dimensional forward electromagnetic field in the ground frequency domain, a new algebraic multigrid algorithm - aggregated multigrid is put forward. The algorithm (AGMG) is introduced into the 3D forward modeling. This paper, starting from the roughing strategy of AGMG algorithm and the set of iterative techniques, combines AGMG and the traditional Krylov subspace (GCR, FCG) iterative algorithm to propose five different AGMG algorithms. The results of Mod EM are compared to verify the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. In addition, the comparison between the forward modeling results of different mesh and different polarization modes and the QMR iterative algorithm shows that the K-AGMG-GCR algorithm can not only improve the stability of the AGMG algorithm, but also have high convergence precision, fast speed, and calculation. Compared with the existing Mod EM program, the K-AGMG-GCR algorithm can improve the computing speed dozens of times, so it is especially suitable for the large-scale ground frequency domain electromagnetic three dimensional forward problem. In view of the ground frequency domain electromagnetic 3D inversion, this paper introduces a global optimization trust region algorithm and Newton method combined truncated Newton method (TRN). First, Starting from the optimization and regularization inversion theory, the objective function, the model covariance matrix and the data covariance expression of the three dimensional inversion of the frequency domain electromagnetic method are established, and the unified expressions of the electromagnetic gradient, Hessian matrix and Jacobi matrix in different frequency domains are derived in detail, and then the basic principle of the truncated Newton method is described in detail and the basic principles of the truncated Newton method are elaborated. Key technologies (such as global search for step size, adaptive truncation error algorithm and regularization factor cooling method), and the classical optimal inversion algorithms - STD, nonlinear conjugate gradient (NLCG), Gauss Newton conjugate gradient (GNCG) and finite memory quasi Newton (L-BFGS). Finally, the modular design idea is adopted. And using the message transfer interface (MPI) to achieve parallel acceleration, the three dimensional inversion of electromagnetic method in the ground frequency domain of different algorithms is realized. This paper, taking the three dimensional magnetotelluric inversion as an example, first compares the results of two theoretical models (high and low combination model, arch bridge "low resistance model), and shows the inverse algorithm (TRN, STD) realized in this paper. NLCG, L-BFGS and GNCG can achieve good results, which are equivalent to the famous international magnetotelluric open source program Mod EM, and the TRN algorithm proposed in this paper is a global optimization algorithm with fast convergence speed and less iterative times. The inversion effect is equivalent to the GNCG algorithm, which is superior to the gradient inversion algorithm (STD, NLCG, L-BFGS), and improves GNCG. In this paper, the effect of the inversion parameters (regularization factor, initial truncation error, initial model and grid subdivision) and the effect of observation data (noise level, data set, frequency number and number of points) on the inversion results of the TRN inversion algorithm are discussed in this paper. The results show that the TRN algorithm is insidious to the initial results. The model is less dependent and has strong anti-interference ability. Finally, the algorithm is applied to the magnetotelluric data processing in a certain area of Inner Mongolia. By comparing with two-dimensional inversion and seismic interpretation, it is found that the TRN three-dimensional inversion results can accurately inverse the condition of the base undulation, and can effectively solve the two-dimensional inversion by three. The distortion caused by the dimension abnormal body further verifies the reliability of the TRN algorithm.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P631.325

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 仇潔婷;陳儒軍;何展翔;;嵌入式系統(tǒng)在電磁法勘探儀器中的應用概述[J];地球物理學進展;2011年02期

2 趙國澤;陳小斌;湯吉;;中國地球電磁法新進展和發(fā)展趨勢[J];地球物理學進展;2007年04期

3 黃海;白錦琳;;電磁法在深部找礦中的應用及發(fā)展[J];科技資訊;2012年36期

4 趙晶;周嗣輝;于景惃;;時間域電磁法在皖北劉一礦注漿效果檢測中的應用[J];中國煤炭地質(zhì);2013年09期

5 ;電磁法勘探專家石顯新[J];煤田地質(zhì)與勘探;2013年05期

6 宋守根;湯井田;何繼善;;小波變換與電磁法勘探中高維地質(zhì)體的特征刻劃[J];中國有色金屬學報;1993年04期

7 Nich J.Cooper;應用橫向電磁法勘探塞浦路斯硫化物礦[J];石油物探譯叢;1994年06期

8 管建和;譚捍東;程湯培;;電磁法勘探解釋分布式并行計算的應用研究[J];計算機工程與設(shè)計;2010年11期

9 孫志華;付吉林;楊書江;覃荊城;趙志;;時頻電磁法勘探在尼日爾A區(qū)塊的應用效果[J];石油地球物理勘探;2012年S1期

10 武軍杰;鄧曉紅;張杰;王興春;楊毅;;強干擾區(qū)電磁法勘探抗干擾措施及效果分析[J];物探化探計算技術(shù);2013年01期

相關(guān)會議論文 前10條

1 朱裕振;鄧鋒華;楊洋;;廣域電磁法靜態(tài)效應校正方法研究與應用[A];中國地球物理學會第二十七屆年會論文集[C];2011年

2 趙國澤;陳小斌;湯吉;;中國地球電磁法新進展和發(fā)展趨勢[A];紀念中國地球物理學會成立60周年專輯[C];2007年

3 趙國澤;湯吉;陳小斌;;地球電磁專業(yè)委員會的成立和發(fā)展[A];輝煌的歷程——回顧中國地球物理學會60周年專刊[C];2007年

4 何展翔;孟翠賢;王財富;李偉麗;司華陸;郝宏建;;電磁法技術(shù)及其在柴達木盆地的勘探成效[A];中國地球物理學會年刊2002——中國地球物理學會第十八屆年會論文集[C];2002年

5 廖峰;;電磁法資料的模擬及三維可視化[A];中國地球物理.2003——中國地球物理學會第十九屆年會論文集[C];2003年

6 湯井田;羅維斌;;海底油氣藏的高分辨電磁法勘探[A];中國地球物理學會第二十三屆年會論文集[C];2007年

7 孫衛(wèi)斌;何展翔;;電磁法油氣探測技術(shù)綜述[A];中國地球物理.2003——中國地球物理學會第十九屆年會論文集[C];2003年

8 魯晶津;范濤;石顯新;;煤礦井下三維電磁法勘探數(shù)值模擬研究[A];中國地球物理2013——第二十四專題論文集[C];2013年

9 石顯新;閆述;陳明生;秋興國;侯彥威;;深部高壓水害隱患探測的井下電磁法技術(shù)[A];中國煤炭學會礦井地質(zhì)專業(yè)委員會2008年學術(shù)論壇文集[C];2008年

10 周印明;胡曉穎;張兆芳;劉雪軍;;時頻電磁法在探測煤礦富水地質(zhì)異常體中的應用[A];中國地球物理2013——第二十四專題論文集[C];2013年

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前4條

1 馬曉輝;陜西省煤田地質(zhì)局物測隊 承攬一電磁法勘探項目[N];中國礦業(yè)報;2009年

2 張長杰;河南局物測隊全年完成勘探物理點45萬個[N];中煤地質(zhì)報;2012年

3 李祖詩邋唐仲松;運用電磁法勘探剩余油[N];中國石化報;2008年

4 張長杰;豫煤物測隊去年勘探物理點突破45萬個[N];中國礦業(yè)報;2012年

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前5條

1 李靜和;用于油氣藏勘探的井筒電磁法反演算法研究[D];中國地質(zhì)大學;2015年

2 陳輝;地面頻率域電磁法三維有限體積正演與截斷牛頓法反演[D];吉林大學;2017年

3 毛立峰;超寬帶電磁法正演模擬及反演成像[D];成都理工大學;2007年

4 蔣奇云;廣域電磁測深儀關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];中南大學;2010年

5 陳儒軍;偽隨機多頻電磁法觀測系統(tǒng)研究[D];中南大學;2003年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前10條

1 吳立科;多通道同步電磁法測量系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)[D];東南大學;2015年

2 曾新森;頻率域可控源電磁法梯度采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計[D];吉林大學;2016年

3 陽紅;綜合電磁法技術(shù)研究及其應用效果[D];成都理工大學;2012年

4 王琴;廣域電磁法油氣目標識別技術(shù)研究與應用[D];中南大學;2014年

5 朱裕振;廣域電磁法靜態(tài)效應校正方法研究與應用[D];中南大學;2011年

6 王宏宇;廣域電磁法探測含油富集區(qū)試驗研究[D];中南大學;2013年

7 裴婧;廣域電磁儀接收機硬件設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)[D];中南大學;2010年

8 李亭亭;垂直線源井地電磁法一維正演及勘探深度研究[D];吉林大學;2013年

9 呂濤;基于LabVIEW的混場源電磁法接收機的設(shè)計及實現(xiàn)[D];吉林大學;2004年

10 李飛;基于逆重復m序列的地電系統(tǒng)相關(guān)辨識[D];中南大學;2007年

，

本文編號：2058903